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Table of Content

, Volume 34 Issue 7
  
动物营养与饲料科学
The Research Advance of Effects of Dietary Cation-Anion Difference (DCAD) on Dairy Cows and the Application of DCAD to Practice
JIA Lei;WANG Jiaqi;BU Dengpan;ZHANG Hui
2007, 34(7):  5-10. 
Abstract ( 1417 )  
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Dietary Cation-Anion Difference (DCAD) is defined as the sum milliequivalents of (Na+K)-(Cl+S) per kilogram or per hundred gram of dry matter. DCAD has straight effects on blood acidbase balance and enzyme system's function of dairy cows, and it can improve on the dairy cows' health status and increase the milk performance. This report summarized the study result and current actuality about altering DCAD has effect on dairy cows, and discussed DCAD's application on practice in dairy cows' different period. 
Effects of Adding High Copper and Citric-acid in Diet on the Performance Traits and Blood Biochemical Indicators of Weaning Piglets
ZHANG Wuping;JIN Li;HAN Junwen
2007, 34(7):  13-16. 
Abstract ( 1202 )  
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Seventy-two crossbreed weaned piglets of 35 days were selected and divided into eight groups at random, third in each group with third replications. Each group received one treatment randomly. The eight treatments include two controls and six special treatments. The results showed that ①adding high copper and citric-acid in the basic diet can increase daily gain, ratio of diet gain to dry matter, and decrease the incidence of diarrhea compared to the two controls groups. ②adding copper and citric-acid can help the metabolization and absorption of high copper, and result a good ecological effects. ③Generally, it is no obvious effects on the blood and biochemical indicators by adding various high copper and citric-acid, and the value of different indicators changes in a normal ranges. ④The interaction between high copper and citric-acid exists, the combination of 150 mg/kg high copper and 1.5% citricacid has the best effect on the performance traits of weaning piglets. 
Study on Impacts of Fed Intack and Milking Ability under the Feeding Different Fodder & Fat Level for Dairy Buffalo
WANG Ankui;FU Meifen;ZHANG Jicai;HUANG Bizhi;ZHENG Jinling;YANG Guorong
2007, 34(7):  17-20. 
Abstract ( 1809 )  
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This study were fredium selected 30 heads first lacatation dairy buffalodevided into 5 group which 6 heads in a group and one group for control and others were experimental group.The treatment were feeding different leveal of fodder and fat dait.The result showed that the dairy buffalo body weight (BW) was reduced 2.5 kg that was fed 75%fodder;and BW increased 3 kg by fed 65% fodder plus 7.5% fat and 6 kg by fed medium fat supply.BW and the level of fodderand fat cause to DM intake wer diversity (P<0.01).There were lower DM intake(DMIT) which were 19.7 kg and 21.3 kg by feding 75% & 65% fodder for dairy buffalo.But the same DMIT which were the fat level at 7.5% & 5.0%. The daily milk yield was 8.5 kg by feedding experimental food and the control one was 8.2 kg. And the less daily milk yield that fed the 75% fodder and 7.5% fat,which were 8.1、8.2、8.25 and 8.35 kg/d.There were diversity (P<0.01) between the experimental and control group. And it seams the DMIT were reduce as the experimental time take longer.
Effects of Digestion and Metabolism of Huai Goats Added DL-Methionine in Rumen
LI Wenhua;WANG An;ZHAO Qingfeng;WU Anquan
2007, 34(7):  21-25. 
Abstract ( 1178 )  
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Four huai goats (average life weight 30 kg) fitted with permanent rumen fistula were chosen to study effects of digestion and metabolism in rumen. The experiment was designed as 4×4 Latin square. During four periods, the goats were feed respectively 0,4,6,8 g DL-methionine in rumen. The results showed: ①Compared to the controlled group, the pH in rumen of goats added 6~8 g DL-methionine every day was lowed significantly, but it had not effects of ammonia nitrogen levels. ②The average levels of CH3COOH, CH3CH2COOH, CH3CH2CH2COOH were improved respectively 7.2%~30.1%, 43.6%~102.3%, 15%~35.4% among four treatments. The average levels of total VFA were improved to 13.3~38.3%. The significant levels were found when they were added 6~8 g DL-methionine. ③The disappear number of DM and half cellulose were improved significantly if added 8 g DL-methionine in rumen every day. The disappear number of DM and half cellulose were improved respectively 85 g and 45 g every day, and the rates of DM and half cellulose were improved respectively 6.6% and 12.2%. At the same time, the number and rates of Ca in twelve bowel were improved. With the improvement of additive, the improved trends of number and rates of DM and half cellulose were found. In a word, if the goats were added 6~8 g DL-methionine, the digestion of rumen may be improved.
Somatotropic Efficacies of PCI-Ghrelin-28aa Carried with PLGA Microspheres
YANG Lianyu;GENG Chunyin;XIE Jinfang;LIU Jiajia;XU Yongping
2007, 34(7):  26-28. 
Abstract ( 1226 )  
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Injectable sustained release PCI-Ghrelin-28aa were prepared by double emulsion-in liquid evaporation process, using biodegrable poly lactic acid as carrier. The result of transfection in vivo showed that after 25 days, accumulative increased body weights on the group injected with PCI-Ghrelin-28aa microspheres was higher than those group injected with naked plasmid(14.3%), saline(27.9%) respectively. In conclusion, PCI-Ghrelin-28aa microspheres have a controlled release effect and tendency to enhance absorb and expression of PCI-Ghrelin-28aa.
The Research Advance in Weaned Piglets on Inulin
LV Lijun;JI Haifeng;HUANG Jianguo;ZHANG Dongyan;
2007, 34(7):  29-31. 
Abstract ( 1222 )  
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Under the effect of psychological,environment and nutrition stress, weaned piglets appear “Early-weaned Syndrome of Piglets”.But as a new feed additive, inulin could selective improve the beneficial intestinal microflora aginst enteric pathogens,and enhance productivity effect and immune function of piglets.This article introduces briefly inulin and its condition of extraction,then analyses the effect of inulin on the intestinal microflora and immune function of weaned piglets in order to provide the theory basis for piglets healthy cultivation. 
遗传繁育
Effect of Media and Serum Concentrations on Development of Ovine Parthenogenetic Embryos
ZHANG Hong;LIU Yunhai;NI Hemin;YANG Feige;LIU Lieqin;XUE Junzhong;GUO Yong
2007, 34(7):  32-34. 
Abstract ( 1237 )  
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Matured ovine oocytes were activated by 5 μmol/L A23187 for 5 min an
d then 2 mmol/L 6-DMAP for 4 h,afterwards cultured in SOFaa and M-199 medium supplemented with BSA and serum of different concentrations, respectively. The cleavage rate of group M-199+FCS(29.9%) was significantly lower than SOFaa+BSA(52.7%) and SOFaa+FCS (52.8%) groups (P<0.05). And the blastocystrate of SOFaa+BSA(0.8%) group was significantily lower than M-199+BSA(7.6%),SOFaa+FCS(11.8%),M-199+FCS(10.2%) groups (P<0.05). The cleavage rate and blastocyst rate of oocyte treated with SOFaa+10% FCS(50.7%,11.3%)and SOFaa+20% FCS(59.2%,9.9%)were not significantly different, and those data of M-199+10% FCS(29.6%,5.6%) and M-199+20% FCS(32.4%,9.9%)were also same. These results showed that SOFaa medium is suitable for the development of ovine parthenogenetic embryos cultured in vitro , and SOFaa added with10% FCS can improve its function on those IVC embryos.
Advance of Study on Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection and Its Efficient Factors
WANG Yuqin;WANG Zhanbin;QI Yanxia;WU Qiujue
2007, 34(7):  35-37. 
Abstract ( 1170 )  
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The principle of ICSI technique was presented in this review. The study and application of ICSI in human and animal were summarized, and effects of egg, sperm, operation and others on the micro fertilization were discussed. Problems existing and expectation in the future about ICSI were pointed out.
Analyzing Polymorphism of SLA-DQA Gene and Its Relationship with Production Performance in Sutai Pigs
WU Shenglong;JU Huiping;BAO Wenbin;LI Bichun;CHEN Guohong;YANG Jiansheng;HUANG Xuegen;HUA Jindi
2007, 34(7):  38-40. 
Abstract ( 1186 )  
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The SLA-DQA gene in Sutai pigs was analyzed by PCRRFLP method, the
results showed that the 722 base of ORF in SLA-DQA gene has a A→G mutation , after digested by restriction endonuclease TaqⅠ,there showed two kinds of genotypes, AA and AG . The correlation between the two genotypes with the production performances in Sutai pigs was analyzed, the results showed that there was no correlation between the average production performances of the pigs with SLA-DQA gene.
The Study on the Performance of the Growth in the Different Hybrid Combination Swine
LIAN Zongqiang;LIU Mengzhou;SHI Xiaowei;ZHAO Qiaohui;LIU Yan;GUAN Hongmin;AN Tianwu;WANG Yutao
2007, 34(7):  41-43. 
Abstract ( 1172 )  
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This experiment carried on the growth,the carcass quality and the meat quality of (L×Y)、(D×LY)and(PD×LY). The results indicated that: PD×LY was the best on the averageday gain,the feed/gain ration and the slaughter ration,there was significant different with(L×Y).The eye muscle area and the hind leg ration of (PD×LY)is 48.09 cm2、34.23%, was highest in three combinations. There was different with(L×Y)(P<0.05), was not remarkable with(D×LY)(P>0.05);The meat color and the tenderness of (D×LY)was the best, the difference was remarkable (P<0.05); The dehydration rate, the cooked meat rate and the tenderness of(PD×LY) was the worst.The cooked meat rate and the tenderness were remarkable different with other groups (P<0.05).The synthesis showed that: the averageday gain, the slaughter ration, the eye muscle area as well as the hind leg ratation were better admited by Pretrain Pigs genes ,but lead to worst meat quality.The production performance of (D×LY)as a classical hybrid combination was stable.
Progress in Transgenic Cattle
CUI Wentao
2007, 34(7):  47-51. 
Abstract ( 1225 )  
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Firstly,reviewed the domestic and foreign progress of transgenic cattle produced by pronuclear microinjection and somatic cell nuclear transfer, Secondly,introduced the application of the new technologies ,including gene targeting,RNAi and MMCT et al,in production of transgenic cattle and safe appraisal of transgenic cattle and its products. Finally, pointed out the present problems and development prospects of transgenic cattle.
生理生化
The Study on Haemal Physiological and Biological Parameters of Hezuo Swine
LIU Yan;LIU Mengzhou
2007, 34(7):  52-55. 
Abstract ( 1191 )  
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This experiment was carried on the haemal physiological and biological parameters of the Hezuo pigs, and by contrast analysied with female and male.The results showed that no significant different were observed between sex in most of haemal physiological and biological parameters of the Hezuo pigs(P>0.05) .Whereras most of the detected items were different among the ages(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Moreover,almost half of the items showed increasing or decreasing with the increase of ages.
Effects of Two Transfer Factors on T-Lymphocytic Subgroups in Canine Peripheral
KONG Qingbo;CHEN Jinjun;CHEN Dekun;ZHANG Yanming
2007, 34(7):  56-59. 
Abstract ( 1675 )  
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The requisite swine transfer factor (TF) and canine TF were prepared by relative standards, respectively and were muscularly injected to a range of hybrid shepherd dogs to determine the changes of T-lymphocytic subgroups in different time by flow cytometry. The results were as follows:With regard to enhancement of the number of lymphocyte in canine peripheral blood of homogeneous TF or heterogeneous TF, the increased were mainly CD4+ Tcells, according to the analysis of the ratio of CD4/CD8. CD4+ T-cells had increased for 20 days since the employed dogs were injected with homogeneous TF or heterogeneous TF, respectively.And the enhancive effect of homogeneous TF was better than that of heterogeneous TF.
生物技术
Polymorphisms of Exon 2 of MHC-DRB3 Gene in Four Sheep Breeds
WEI Lijun;SHI Guoqing;WANG Xiaoshen;LIU Nan;GUAN Feng;DAI Rong;REN Hangxing
2007, 34(7):  63-66. 
Abstract ( 1351 )  
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In this study, the exon 2 of MHC-DRB3 gene was amplified by PCR and a uniform fragment of 285 bp was obtained in four sheep breeds(Aletai sheep, China merino sheep and hu sheep, Dorset sheep).The 285 bp PCR product was digested with restriction endomuclease PstⅠ,TaqⅠand HaeⅢ, and genetic polymorphism were investigated by PCRRFLP. The results indicated that it had polymorphisms in the 122th, 154th, 168th, 220th and the 237th.The χ2 tests showed that PstⅠrestriction enzyme sites were HardyWeinberg equilibrium in all sheep population, TaqⅠand HaeⅢ restriction enzyme sites were not Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in four sheep population. The Gene heterozygosity is 0.693~0.774 and polymorphism information content is 0.662~0.738 in four sheep breeds, the results showed that the genetic diversity of four sheep breeds are rich; Clustering analysis showed that China merino sheep had the closest genetic relationship with hu sheep, further with Aletai sheep and Dorset sheep,it is the same with breed selection,and can do further reacher on the Polymorphisms of MHC-DRB3 Gene as the sheep breeding marker.
Production of Transgenic Chicken by Sperm-mediated Method
MIAO Xiangyang;DING Shuyan;HAO Huifang;YANG Wensheng;ZHU Ruiliang
2007, 34(7):  67-69. 
Abstract ( 1367 )  
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To explore the possibility of generation of transgenic chicken, vector p-OV-β-Gal of LacZ gene as report gene were transmitted into the chicken's early embryos by sperm-mediated method, then the LacZ gene’s integration and expression were monitored. The vector (p-OV-β-Gal) could be transmitted into the chicken’s early embryos by sperm-mediated method, the percentage of LacZ gene's integration and expression were respectively 13.2%(7/53)and 20.7%(11/53). The result showed that sperm-mediated method could be used for generation of the transgenic chickens.
The Research Development on Monoclonal Antibodies of α-BGT
QIU Ye feng;JIA Yan;LI Xianbing;LUO Shengjun;SUN Guangrui;ZHANG Zhigang;ZHANG Naisheng;WANG Zhe;XIE Guanghong
2007, 34(7):  69-71. 
Abstract ( 1278 )  
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The properties,immunogenicity,antiserum activity and the summary of α-BGT were described in the paper.And the specific advantages of α-BGT McAb were emphasized compared with antiserum.The system of manufacture of αBGT and its application and development on medicine,molccular biology,toxin detection were also showed,The paper declares that α-BGT kit is of significantly economic value.
The Cloning and Sequence Analysis of N Protein Coding Gene of SH Strainof Canine Distemper Virus
ZHANG Yongxia;WANG Jinfu;YU Jinguan;GU Jianxin;SUN Weiping
2007, 34(7):  72-75. 
Abstract ( 1649 )  
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According to the reported gene sequence of N protein of Canine Distemper Virus (CDV) in Gene Bank, a special pair of primers were designed to RT
-PCR amplify N protein gene by using the total RNA of CDV SH stain as a template. The results showed that the homology of gene sequence between CDV SH strain and TN strain was 98.9%, A75/17 stain (97.6%), 2544/Han95 strain(96.7%), 98-2654 Strain(96.9%), 5804 strain(96.6%) and Onderstepoort(93.3%) and the homology of coding amino acid between CDV SH strain and the others were respectively 99.0%,98.7%,98.1%,97.9%,97.9% and 96.9%. From this information, it can be predicted
that N protein has highly conservative property.
奶业专栏
Effect of Different Level of Ratio of Protein to Energy in Ration on Growth Performance and Biochemical Serum Indexes in Holstein Male Calf
ZHANG Zhaoxiong;PAN Xiaoliang;REN Yaojun;GUAN Zhengping
2007, 34(7):  75-77. 
Abstract ( 1133 )  
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The effect of three different level of ratio of protein to energy in ration on growth performance and biochemical serum indexes of holstein male calves was examined.The high level ratio of protein to energy in ration showed a significant effect on the average total gain and average daily gain than the low one(P<0.05),but the medium one had no difference compared to the fomer two(P>0.05).In general, the data suggested that the high level of ratio of protein to energy in ration had the best feed efficiency and economic efficiency in the experiment.Though different diets had some effects on blood indexes,the numerical values were all in the normal physiological range.The results indicated that serum total protein and glucose and serum ureanitrogen tended to increase but serum total fat of the low one reduced after taking the diets.
疾病防治
Detection of Infectious Laryngotracheitis Virus with Polymerase Chain Reaction
CHEN Hongying;LI Xinsheng;ZHANG Hongying;FANG Zhongyi;WANG Dongfang;CUI Baoan;
2007, 34(7):  83-85. 
Abstract ( 480 )  
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One pair of primers was designed and synthesized according to the chicken infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV) TK gene nucleotide sequence in the Genbank. When PCR was performed with 2 virulent ILTV,1 vaccine ILTV and other pathogenic microorganisms, the amplified fragment of ILTV was about 1183 bp which could be confirmed by sequencing analysis and restriction endonuclease analysis, others were negative.21 pg ILTV DNA could be detected by PCR.All of the tracheal sponge samples from experimentally infected chickens was amplified a specific 1183 bp fragment of TK gene. The results suggested that the method can be used for detection and diagnosis of ILTV in clinic samples.
流行病防治
Epidemic of Animal Chlamydiae in China
ZHOU Jizhang;QIU Changqing
2007, 34(7):  110-112. 
Abstract ( 1199 )  
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Chlamydiae can infect a large number of animals. But sheep, swine and cattle are easy infection. The syndrome of the disease from female animals is mainly abortion and orchitis from male animals. In China, six provinces had reported about sheep chlamydiae, 15 provinces had reported about swine chlamydiae and 11 provinces had reported about cattle chlamydiae, which caused a huge economy loss. So it is necessary to recognise and prevent the disease during the process of animal industry.
Vaccine and Its Application in Animals Parasitosis
ZHAO Junming;RONG Guang;WANG Xinhua;BO Xinwen
2007, 34(7):  116-119. 
Abstract ( 1148 )  
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The development of vaccine in animals parasitosis was reviewed in detail,especially the advantages and principles of genetic engineering vaccine.The progress of its application and studies on malaria, schistosomiasis, cysticercosis and leishmaniasis were mentioned briefly.
动物生产
The Effects of Collection Method,Estrous Cycle on Maturation Culture of Ovine Oocytes in Vitro
NAN Mujia;ZHANG Yanping
2007, 34(7):  137-139. 
Abstract ( 1170 )  
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The effects of collection method,estrous cycle were discussed in this paper.The results were as follows: there was significantly difference among isolating methods in cleavage rate of ovine oocytes (27.9%,49.5%;P<0.05); the maturation rate of A and B grade was significantly higher than C grade(75.3%、64.4%,29.1%,P<0.01) and the same to cleavage rate(42.5%,35.8%,16.0%,P<0.05); the oocytes from different estrous cycle had the same developmental capability.
Study on Fertility Performance of Murrah × Local Buffal(F1)
ZHANG Jicai;WANG Ankui;FU Meifen;ZHENG Jinling;WANG Zhe;YANG Guorong
2007, 34(7):  142-143. 
Abstract ( 1445 )  
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This paper were introduced the study on fertility performance and behave of 37 Murrah cross local buffalo (F1) under 24-hour-grazing system at Xiaoshao, Kunming. The results showed that the first estrus at age of 18 months and live weight (LW) 24 kg; First AI at age 24 m and LW300 kg,Average conception rate (ACR) was 25.3% at first estrus,as the age increase the ACR increase as well. The period of estrus recycle was 20.9±2.7 d,estrus duration was 2.5±1.3 d; gestation were 311.5±11.8 d.
经验交流
The Latest Progress on Immunodetection Method of Aflatoxin
XIE Guanghong;YU Guang;XIAO Chengrui;MOU Jun;LI Xiaobing;ZHANG Zhigang;WANG Zhe;ZHOU Xiaocui;SONG Wenxue
2007, 34(7):  145-146. 
Abstract ( 1798 )  
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Aflatoxin is the most poisonous biotoxin by now, including about ten species like AFB1, AFB2, AFB2a,AFG1, AFG2, AFM1, AFM2, AFQ1,AFQ2a, et al. This paper introduces antibody preparation of B1, M1, and the latest Progress on detection method of aflatoxin in detail. By the comparison and analysis of the various kinds of detections, we have drawn the conclusion: to explore safe, express, precise and economical detection has become the urgent task in the study of aflatoxin. 
奥特奇专栏
Mechanism Study of β-glucans for Enhanced Immune Competence
LI Wankun;;YAN Hongbin;CAI Xuepeng;GUO Fucun;
2007, 34(7):  151-155. 
Abstract ( 1822 )  
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β-glucans show multiple biological activities and function such as immunomodulation, anti-tumor, anti-microbial infection. As non-specific immunomodulators, β-glucans activate immune cells, promote cytokine production, activate complement system, and stimulate antibody production, therefore it play an important role in immune system, The study is to give general review on molecular mechanism of β-glucans for enhanced immune system. Research on molecular level from recent years showed that polysaccharides as immunomodulators combine with receptors on surface of macrophages, neutrophilic granulocyte, and lymphocytes, affecting information transfer which therefore further affect gene expression and function of these immune cells. Roles of lymphocytes are related to cellular cAMP and cGMP levels and its ratio. β-glucans affect cAMP and cGMP levels and ratio and therefore modulate cellular activities. -glucans induce NO production of immune cells and have synergism action with interferons. In addition, βglucans affect secretion of prostaglandin of lymphocytes and modulate immune function. Elucidation of immune modulation mechanism of β-glucans will be helpful for development of new types of immune enhancers. 