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Table of Content

20 January 2008, Volume 35 Issue 1
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专家论坛
The Research Progress on Conservation and Development of Breed ResourcesIncluding Local, Developed and Introduced Varieties
CHEN Youchun;MA Yuehui;HE Xiaohong;PU Yabin
2008, 1(1):  5-11. 
Abstract ( 1819 )  
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The given paper detail introduced the results of several times investigations on animal breeds resources in China since 80’s last century, and described the changes of breed resources during last 30 years. Data list the names of 576 animal breeds, including horse, donkey, cattle, yak, buffalo, sheep and goat, chicken, duck and goose etc. as main varieties, and camel, rabbit, deer, mink, raccoon, and bee as others. Among them 426 were local, 73 were developed and 77 are exotics, until right now 19 breeds were distinguished and 37 of them were critical. The given paper reviews the research progress on genetic resources by application of testing measures on genetic biodiversities, including physical, cell, protein and molecular levels. The results show that multilevel analysis on resources could reflect the comprehensive picture of the characters of a breed. The emphasis was put on influences of selection intensiveness of breed, also on necessity of thorough plan in resources investigation, through combining the physical specificities and exterior as main contents with genetic analysis the way of conservation and development of certain breeds could be workable. Researchers demonstrated that Cryopreservation of embryos and gametes, and conservation of DNA molecules would be the prospect methods for breed’s conservation. Joining the enterprises into breed conservation would be the future orientation and government must take a focal point and long term project in breed resources researches.
动物营养与饲料科学
Isolation and Screening of High Protein Product Yeast for Ruminant Animals
DENG Lufang;WANG Jiaqi;JIANG Yanmei;;BU Dengpan;WEI Hongyang;ZHOU Lingyun;WANG Jinzhi
2008, 1(1):  12-15. 
Abstract ( 1359 )  
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Silages and distiller’s grains contained with many species of yeasts are common ruminant feed, so isolate and screen yeasts from them is available. In this research, culture conditions of isolated yeasts were optimized by orthogonal design. One screened isolate obtained the best result of 1.7×109 cell/ml and 60.54 mg N/dl at this condition, which is at 30℃, initial pH value 5, glucose 2%, soy peptone 1%, malt extract power 0.3%, yeast extracts 0.3%, inoculant concentration 3%, shaking speed 180 r/min, and then this isolate was identified as Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Advances in Three Species of Cellulolytic Bacteria in Rumen
ZHANG Di;LIU Dacheng;LU Dexun;GAO Ming
2008, 1(1):  16-19. 
Abstract ( 1252 )  
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In this article, it explains the biological characters, fiber degradation capability of main cellulolytic bacteria in rumen; moreover, it introduces the advances of these main species of cellulolytic bacteria in and out of our country over several years.
Isolation and Screening of Enterococcus From Silage
JIANG Yanmei;;WANG Jiaqi;DENG Lufang;LUO Qiujiang;BU Dengpan
2008, 1(1):  19-21. 
Abstract ( 1537 )  
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This experiment was preliminary identification and screening the Enterococcus isolated from silage.Three isolates were influenced by three factor: temperature, initial pH value and concentration of rumen liquid, studied by orthogonal design. Screening the potential probiotic strains for dairy cow. The results showed that three isolates have the similar best culture condition: medium contain 2% glucose,1% peptone, 20% rumen liquid, initial pH value 5.8, 3% inoculation,40 ml liquid capacity ,fermentation temperature was 36℃,fermentation time was 24 h.Under this condition，the biomass of three isolates were 1.9907,1.2963 and 1.2752.Number 1 isolates which have the max biomass was identified to be Enterococcus Faecium by Institute of Microbiology , Chinese Academy of Sciences.
The Effects of Different Diet on Growth Performance of Alimentary Tract in Geese
YANG Haiming;WANG Zhiyue;ZHOU Xiuli;SHI Shourong;ZHANG Yajun
2008, 1(1):  22-25. 
Abstract ( 1235 )  
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36 threeweeksold of the same day yangzhou geese were divided into six experiment groups of six geese each, the number of male and that of female geese was equal.They were feed diet of different composition but identical influence level,in order to study the effect of different diet on the growth of alimentary tract of geese. The results showed that the weight of actomyosin, duodenum, jejunum and recta was maximum in the group of 18% of alfalfa, ryegrass and wheat. The length of jejunum and ileum was minimum,but the length of cecum and recta was maximum.The intestine thickness and the fluff highth of duodenum were maximum.
Effect of Chinese Herb Medicine Feed Additive on Immune Performance of Chinese Yellowfeathered Chicken
LI Liang;GONG Daoqing;ZHANG Jun;CHU Dongsheng;LIU Zhonghua
2008, 1(1):  26-28. 
Abstract ( 1520 )  
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Suqin yellowfeathered chickens of 1-day-old were randomly divided into 3 treatments, there were 50chickens in each treatment. Group 1 appended antibiotics, group 2 was compound Chinese herb medicine treatment, group 3 was control group. The result showed:Compound Chinese herb medicine can increase the weight of thymus、spleen、bursa and their indexes. The weight of spleen and its index of Chinese herb medicine group was higher than the antibiotics group and control group in the third week, and the different was significantly.7 days ago after immunized Newcastle disease, treatment groups were higher than the control group in Newcastle disease vaccine, and the different was significantly. This kind of different would persist to the 21st day.
Comparative Study of Ration Formulation Software with Different Nutrition Models
CHEN Bo;XIONG Benhai;SUN Xianzhong
2008, 1(1):  29-32. 
Abstract ( 1616 )  
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A variety of dairy cattle ration formulation software programs are available from foreign countries that have been applied in our marketplace. Inside these formulation programs, the nutrition models used are vital to the software. As the models are improved ceaselessly , ration formulation softwares also renovate endlessly. The purpose of this paper is to create a guide by evaluating a variety of commercially available software based on different nutrition models and observing optimizing results from different models and their computing softwares.
The Research Development of Cysteamine Animal Nutrition
TANG Haowen;LI Hui;LI Ting
2008, 1(1):  33-36. 
Abstract ( 1360 )  
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As a new type of feed additive,the cysteamine can increase the growth of livestock and poultry by adjusting the changes of the body hormone.This paper overviewed the physiological function and functional mechanism of cysteamine.It emphasized its application in animal production and the problems we should pay attention to.
The Effect of Sauropus Androgynus on the Blood Indexes and Organ Coefficient of Mice
Nashunbayaer;YU Bo;KONG Xiaoming
2008, 1(1):  36-38. 
Abstract ( 1216 )  
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Aim: to study the effect of Sauropus androgynus on the blood indexes and organ coefficient of mice. Methods: mice were divided into four groups including three test groups and one control group; blood samples were taken from the mice for serum indexes’tests at the 30th day, then the mice were killed for tests of organ coefficient. Results: GOT’s and GPT’s activities of low dose group were lower than that of any other groups, TP’s and Alb’s concentrations of control group were higher than that of test groups, SOD’s activity of test groups were lower than that of control group in male, thus MDA concentration of test groups were higher than that of control group in male, H2O2’s concentration of test groups were lower than that of control group; Brain coefficient of high dose group was higher than that of any other groups. Conclusion: Sauropus androgynus had effects on the biochemical indexes, free radical, and organ coefficient of mice.
生物技术
Clone and Sequence Analysis of Two Highly Pathogenic PRRSV ORF6 and ORF7 Genes
SHI Jianli;LI Jun;XU Shaojian;ZHAO Hongyan;;ZHANG Xiumei;WANG Jinbao
2008, 1(1):  39-43. 
Abstract ( 1595 )  
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The ORF6 and ORF7 genes of two highly pathogenic PRRSV SX,ZQ,derived from Shandong,were amplified by RT-PCR.The products were sequenced after cloning into pMD18-T vector respectively .The sequences were analysed using DNAStar and compared with those of VR-2332,LV and other strains isolated from China and circumjacent Country.The homologous of ORF6,ORF7 Nuclear acid was 91.1％～100％ with North American(VR-2332) and 66.2％～70.7％ with European(LV) viruses, The homologous of ORF6,ORF7 deduced amino acid was 91.2％～100％ with North American(VR-2332) and 62.3％～82.3％ with European(LV) viruses,indicating that the two new shandong isolates were related to the North American PRRSV genotype. The ORF6,ORF7 Nuclear acid of SX shared 99.8%,100% identity with highly pathogenic PRRSV JXA1,while The ORF6,ORF7 Nuclear acid of ZQ shared 99.6%,99.7% identity with highly pathogenic PRRSV JXA1.
Effects of Neuropeptide Y on Abundance and Activity of Pyruvate Carboxylase mRNA in Vitro Culture Bovine Hepatocyte
CHEN Chengzhen;XIE Guanghong;LIU Guowen;XU Chuang;ZHANG Jiabao;WEN Lizheng;WANG Zhe
2008, 1(1):  44-46. 
Abstract ( 2034 )  
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A single factor duplicate test was designed to investigate whether neuropeptide Y affects the expression of pyruvate carboxylase (PC) mRNA and the activity of PC in vitro culture bovine hepatocyte. Neuropeptide Y was added to the media with 0,50,100,200,500,1000 pg/ml. Abuundance of PC mRNA in vitro culture bovine hepatocyte cultured for 12 hours after Neuropeptide Y was added was determined by real-time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR, and activity of PC was determined by colourimetry. The results showed that the neuropeptide Y could stimulate the expression of PC mRNA was and the activity of PC in vitro culture bovine hepatocyte.
生理生化
Effects of Swine Transfer Factor on Number and Bactericidal Activity of Neutrophilic Granulocytes from Canines in Vitro
KONG Qingbo;CHEN Jinjun;CHANG Jianjun;ZHANG Yanming;CHEN Dekun
2008, 1(1):  47-51. 
Abstract ( 1547 )  
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The requisite swine transfer factor (TF) was prepared by relative standards and was intramuscularly injected to a range of hybrid shepherd dogs to determine the number and bactericidal activity of neutrophilic granulocyte in canine peripheral blood by phagocytosis MTT. And the best condition for MTT to be applied into determining the ability of phagocytosis of neutrophilic granulocyte against Escherichia coli in canine peripheral blood were explored as 1.3×106 cells/ml of neutrophilic granulocytes and 6×105 units /ml had been mixed and incubated together for 2 hours followed by adding MTT and incubating for another 4 hours. The results of experiments in vitro showed that swine TF at 0.052～1.56 mg/ml markedly promoted the phagocytosis of neutrophilic granulocyte against E coli, with the strongest effect to the phagocytosis of neutrophilic granulocyte against E coli at 1.56 mg/ml; The number of neutrophilic granulocytes in canine peripheral blood climbed to the summit and the effect of phagocytosis of neutrophilic granulocyte against E coli was the strongest on the 2nd day after the dogs were intramuscularly injected with swine TF.
遗传繁育
Selection Traits in Pig Breeding
WANG Chonglong;TAO Li
2008, 1(1):  64-67. 
Abstract ( 1232 )  
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To select and improve the specific traits is the most important breeding method. The selection strategies and their study progress of reproductive traits, growth traits, carcass traits, meat quality traits, subordinate traits and body size traits of pig were briefly summarized.
The Research Development of Microsatellite DNA in Cattle Paternity
LU Yuxia;;WANG Hongmei;LI Jianbin;LI Qiuling;AN Liguo
2008, 1(1):  67-69. 
Abstract ( 1628 )  
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Microsatellite DNA is characterized by its length polymorphism, so it is widely used in the individual paternity. In this article, the research development and the prospects of microsatellite DNA in cattle paternity are described.
Research on the Parthenogenetic Activation of Wistar Rat Oocytes
ZHU He;QUAN Dongsheng
2008, 1(1):  70-73. 
Abstract ( 1325 )  
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In this study, oocytes were activated by ethanol, electricity stimulation, or were activated by ethanol combined with the 6-DMAP and electricity stimulation combined with the 6-DMAP to deternine optimal conditions of parthenogenetic activation of Wistar rat oocyts. The results are as follows：
Although electricity stimulation, ethanol and SrCl2+ along were able to activate Wistar rat oocytes, the rates of oocyte activation were relatively low and none of the activated oocytes developed beyond 2cell stage after in vitro culture.For the oocytes were activated by electronic stimulation alone in the same electronic filed, the percentage of activated oocytes were higher when two pulses treatment were given than when one pulse was given. And the highest percentage was achieved when oocyes were activated at the electronic field of 100 V/mm.The percentages of activated oocytes with pronuclear and blastocyst development were significantly higher after treatment with ethanol or electrical stimulation in combined with 6-DMAP than that of ethanol or electrical stimulation alone.
奶业专栏
The Establishment of the Method of the Extraction of RNA from Milk
QIAO Xinan;ZHU Yancai;FAN Pei;DU Junxia;JIA Haili;HAN Liqiang;YANG Guoyu
2008, 1(1):  77-79. 
Abstract ( 1384 )  
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The cow colostrum was applied as the experimental material, and the milk somatic cells were extracted and RNA was extracted and amplicated. The result shows that the colostrum contains a large number of somatic cells(SCC is about 200,000 /ml and the activity of somatic cells is about 60%). The integrality and purity quotient of the extracted RNA can be used to produce DNA. By RT-PCR amplication, the bands of house-keeping gene GAPDH was reasonable, which indicates that produced DNA can be amplificated as the template for other genes. It provides the primary basis of molecular biological analysis for the cow in the aspect of the genetic engineering research.
疾病防治
Pathogenetic Study of the Recombinant Solenopsis Invicta Buren Venom Allergen Soli
WANG Jianfeng;LIN Xiangmei;ZHANG Shuxia;HAN Xueqing;WU Shaoqiang;YANG Zexiao
2008, 1(1):  83-86. 
Abstract ( 1485 )  
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The pathogenesis of Solenopsis invicta Buren venom allergen soli Ⅳ was analyzed by studying the effects of Solenopsis invicta Ⅳ (Soli Ⅳ) on rabbit and lymphocytic function of rabbit peripheral blood. After expression, separation and purification, the recombination protein Soli Ⅳwas used to stimulate lymphocyte of rabbit alone or combined with LPS and ConA in vitro, and the lymphocyte proliferation was measured by the method of MTT assay. The clinic reaction was recorded and the sera level of IL-4 and total IgE was analyzed using enzyme linked imunosorbent assay (ELISA) after the rabbits were injected with soli Ⅳsubcutaneously. Combined with LPS, 25 μg/ml，50 μg/ml，75 μg/ml of recombinant Soli Ⅳ treatment could promote lymphocyte proliferation of peripheral blood significantly. When combination with ConA, 15 μg/ml，25 μg/ml，50 μg/ml and 75 μg/ml of recombination SoliⅣ could promote significantly lymphocyte proliferation of peripheral blood. The sera level of IL-4 and total IgE rose to the top at about 20 h after stimulation. Soli Ⅳ could promote significantly T and B lymphocyte proliferation in vitro at a certain concentration, and hypersusceptibility typeⅠwould be reduced in rabbit of hypersusceptible habitus. 
The Aplication of Liposome Adjuvant in Gene Vaccine
QIAN Fengqin;GUO Ning
2008, 1(1):  97-99. 
Abstract ( 1274 )  
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This essay discussed the mechanism of gene transfection intermediated by liposome adjuvant,the application of liposome adjuvant in gene vaccine,and prospected the usage of liposome adjuvant in the field of gene vaccine.
Diagnosis, Prevention and Cure of Enterobacter Asburiae Disease in Water Buffalo
FANG Fuming;ZHOU Jiaxue;WANG Yongxian;ZHANG Wendong;ZHANG Yingguo;DONG Guodong
2008, 1(1):  106-107. 
Abstract ( 1939 )  
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In July 1999,there was an outbreak of sudden death of water buffaloes in Tongta village of Malipo County. Measures of disinfection, quarantine, destruction of sick badies, screening and administration of clinical drugs and development of preventive zones were taken, and the contagious disease was completely controlled. Samples from the sick buffaloes were sent for laboratory diagnosis, showing that this infection was caused by enterobacter asburiae.
Effect of One Dose Chinese Traditional Medicine on Immunity in Mice
WU Yuchen;GUO Shuang;SU Lijuan;YIN Zhengxing
2008, 1(1):  108-110. 
Abstract ( 1333 )  
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The author put up one dose chinese traditionl medicine. In order to research the effcet of this dose Chinese traditionl medicine on immunity, the author use mice as experiment animal. The result show: experiment groups can improve immune apparatus index、phagocytic index、Erosette ratio and antibody level.
兽医临床
Isolation and Identification of Staphylococcus Aureus fromLymph Nodes of Swine Carcass
CHANG Jianjun
2008, 1(1):  120-122. 
Abstract ( 1260 )  
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60 random samples of lymph nodes were collected from swine carcass in Xining X slaughterhouse.These samples were treated by routine bacterial isolation and culture technique. Then the isolated bacterium strains were identified. The results showed that 40 strains of staphylococcus aureus were obtained, which indicates that there exist staphylococcus aureus in the swine carcass. As an important pathogen to human and animals, the isolation of S aureus from swine carcass must be taken seriously by relative government department.
动物生产
Effects of the LCarnitine Courage Liquid on the Sperm Motility of Boar
WANG Guofu;GAO Shuxin;LIU Mingyu;SHAO Zhiwen;MA Yun
2008, 1(1):  130-132. 
Abstract ( 1500 )  
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This experiment was conducted to study the influence of LCarnitine Courag
e Liquid on the sperm motility and diluted sperm motility of boar. The control groups wasn’t feed the LCarnitine Courage Liquid, and the test groups were feed the diet supplemented with 25,30 ml/d LCarnitine Courage Liquid. The results showed that the effect of LCarnitine Courage Liquid on the sperm motility and diluted sperm motility is obvious（P<0.01），and the sperm motility and diluted sperm motility have no significantly related between the intervention group1 and the intervention group2 of same breed boar(P＞0.05).
Study on Optimized Diet of Yellow Cattle Pregnant Cows
YAN Changguo;JIN Yongcheng
2008, 1(1):  135-138. 
Abstract ( 1227 )  
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This paper was to determine three optimized diets for Yanbian yellow cattle pregnant cows. Sixteen Yanbian yellow cattle pregnant cows were chosen, their expected date of childbirth was 3 months to the calves’ birth. They were divided into 4 groups and there were four cows in each group. The cows in experiment group 1, 2, 3 were fed optimized diet 1, 2, 3, respectively. The results were as follows: the calves’ birth weight and daily gain improved because the cows were fed the optimized diets. The calves' birth weight in experiment group 1 was significantly higher than control group (P<0.05); the DMI of the experiment groups were extremely higher than control group (P<0.01); the apparent digestibility of DM, EE, CP and NFC in the experiment groups increased. Blood indexes of the experiment groups were all higher than control group, but they were all in the normal state. To sum up, optimized diet 1 was considered to be the optimization diet.
经验交流
The Comparison Trial of the Weight Gain of Yufeng Yellow Rabbit, New Zealand White Rabbit and Harbin White Rabbit
HU Yongxian;YANG Jiamin;LI Yanfeng;LIU Chaoyu;DU Yongjie
2008, 1(1):  141-142. 
Abstract ( 1355 )  
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A comparison trial of the weight gain of Yufeng Yellow Rabbit, New Zealand White Rabbit and Harbin White Rabbit was carried out. The results showed that the weight gain and feed conversion efficiency of Yufeng Yellow Rabbit were higher than that of New Zealand White, but slightly lower than that of Harbin White Rabbit with not significant difference (P>0.05). It can explain that Yufeng Yellow Rabbit, being a newly bred breed, has superior growth potential and feed conversion ability.
Experiment of Repairing Old Parasite Specimens
SUN Weidong;YAO Xinhua;YUAN Shuxian;YANG Jinsheng;REN Keyan;YUAN Dongmei
2008, 1(1):  144-146. 
Abstract ( 1996 )  
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Repair 17 varietas,1183 bottles old parasite specimens, includes six steps in the experiment. The specimens showed completely renovated, and technique value turn better important. It is optimal period in founded specimen room 50 years. All datas and pictures under computer management.Specimen bottles blocked with glass cement were fast, rigorous, airtight and no weeping. It can not only refrain specimen from drying and being out of shape,but also save liquid volatilizing to human healthy. It hasn’t been reported internal.
奥特奇专栏
Recent Trends of Mycotoxin contamination in Animal Feeds and Raw Materials in China
AO Zhigang;CHEN Daiwen
2008, 1(1):  152-156. 
Abstract ( 1916 )  
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The Authors analyzed and evaluated the contamination levels and occurrence trend of the 6 major mycotoxins in animal feed and raw materials in China in 2006 and 2007, and concluded with the following findings: ①Three mycotoxins with the most significant contamination levels and occurrence rates are zearalenone, fumonisin and vomitocxin, which are all field mycotoxins; Aflatoxin, the storage mycotoxin we paid the most attention in the history, was found with the lower contamination levels and less problematic in animal feed and raw materials in China.②Multi-mycotoxins were found existed in raw materials and complete feeds; the synergistic effects of multi-mycotoxins deteriorate the impacts of mycotoxins and severity of mycotoxicity.③The mycotoxin contamination of by-products, especially corn by-products such as DDGs and corn gluten meal, was found very serious.④Comparing to those in single energy or protein raw material, the multimycotoxin contamination levels in complete feeds are the more accurate and representative parameters. ⑤The most economical and practical approaches to control the effects of mycotoxins are quality control of raw materials and using of effective mycotoxin binders. 