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Table of Content

20 March 2009, Volume 36 Issue 3
特约综述
Annual Review of Ruminant Nutrition in 2007~2008Ⅴ. Lipid Nutrition
KhasEedene;WANG Jiaqi;BU Dengpan;HU Han;LIU Qingsheng;ZHOU Rong;LIU Kailang
2009, 36(3):  5-12. 
Abstract ( 2073 )  
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Ruminant products is one of the main sources of human diet, the fatty acid composition in it is closely related to human health. Research efforts have focused on nutritional management practices in lipids digestion and metabolism to improve production efficiency and the quality of the ruminant products. In the past two years, considerable progress has been made in increasing the understanding of lipid digestion and metabolism in ruminant. In this paper we have referred 126 articles related to ruminant lipid nutrition via PubMed, CNKI and the ADSAASAS annual joint meeting abstracts (2007 and 2008 editions) to make a review of the research progress of ruminant lipids nutrition in 2007 to 2008. The research program consist of kinetics of fatty acid metabolism in digestion tract,regulation of fatty acids metabolism in mammary gland,the effect of fat (fatty acids) supplement diet on ruminant production and fatty acid composition in fat.Effect of rumen rennet fat on production in ruminants and the cooperation effects of fat with other diet additives.
Annual Review of Ruminant Nutrition in 2007~2008 Ⅵ.Forage Utilization
WANG Jing;WANG Jiaqi;BU Dengpan;SONG Zengting;GUO Weijie
2009, 36(3):  13-18. 
Abstract ( 2321 )  
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Forage is the main source of nutrition for ruminant. With the continually progress of ruminant nutrition research, the development, utilization and research on roughage resources also has been promoted. The study about forage focused on the following aspects in recent years. ①New fodder resources continuing developed. New forage resources, agricultural byproducts have been developed on the original roughage basis, and their rational use and suitable adding level also have been studied. ②The quality assessment of roughage gradually refined. Forage quality evaluation indices has been developed from relative feed value (RFV), relative forage quality (RFQ) to forage grading index(GI). The new evaluation method will be more accurate on quality assessment of roughage. ③Utilization of roughage continuously raised. Enzyme preparation, ionophore, as well as to add fast digestible carbohydrates or fat can effectively improve the digestibility of the fiber, and their reasonable amount has been gradually studied. ④Roughage resources have been matching and optimizing. The reasonable matching and optimizing of variety of roughage resources can increasing the breeding efficiency on the basis of guarantee the production performance. ⑤Rational use of roughage during the special nutrition period of ruminant gradually studied. Effective use of fodder or grazing during the special stage of beef cattle or dairy cows such as perinatal can make them not only remaining high dry matter intake, but also exhibit good milk production performance and growth performance in the subsequent phase. ⑥Roughage storage technology continually enhanced and improved. Hay and silage are the most common and effective way to preserve forage. The influence of different harvesting stage, different conditions for storage, as well as the use of additives on the forage quality has been investigated. Roughage as the main body of ruminant nutrition, reasonable and effective use of the abundant source of roughage resources has important significance for scientific feeding ruminant.
动物营养与饲料科学
Development of Digestion of Feed Amino Acids in theSmall Intestine of Ruminant
PAN Faming;;WANG Jiaqi;BU Dengpan;WANG Jianping;ZHANG Yangdong;WEI Hongyang;ZHOU Lingyun;LIU Kailang;SUN Peng;LI Fadi;ZANG Changjiang
2009, 36(3):  19-21. 
Abstract ( 2239 )  
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Feed protein consumed by ruminant was degradated and ultimately absorbed and utilized as digestible amino acids or peptides after flowing to the small intestine. The source,requirement,absorption and regulation of supply mode of amino acids in the small intestine were reviewed in this paper. Factors that influence the amino acids nutrition of ruminant were also discussed.
Study on the Effect of Flower of Yucca Schidigera in Feed for HBD Broiler Chicken
WANG Mi;YANG Ruile;MENG Xinyu;ZHAO Zhixin;JIN Lingmei
2009, 36(3):  22-24. 
Abstract ( 1803 )  
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An experiment conducted contrast test to research the effect of flower of Yucca schidigera in feed for HBD broiler chicken. 60 HBD broiler chickens seven day old were randomly divided into two groups:contrast group; test group. Every group has ten replicates of 30 broilers.Contrast group was fed basic diet. Test group was fed basic diet with supplemented 0.24% flower of Yucca schidigera. The results as follows:there wasn’t significant effects on daily feed intake,feed conversion ratio,weekend body weight(P>0.05) between contrast and trail group;daily gain also wasn’t prominent effects(P>0.05) except the third week and the sixth week(P<0.05). Supplemented 0.24% flower of Yucca schidigera didn’t influence thymus index,bursa of fabricius index and spleen index(P>0.05).
The Influence of Yeast Cultures in the Diet on Performance of Weaning Piglets
HE Ruo gang;XIAO Zheng zhong;ZHOU Xiao qing;ZHAO Fu cai
2009, 36(3):  25-26. 
Abstract ( 1540 )  
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This study selected the 150 Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire three miscellaneous pos tweaning piglets while 21 day old, randomly divided into three groups, each group has two repeat, each of the repeat with 25 piglets. Group A (the control group), using the basic diet; group B and group C were in the basis of the diet added 0.05% and 0.10% yeast cultures. The results showed that: ①the daily gain of group C was significantly higher than that of group A (P<0.05), differences between the groups B and C were not significant (P>0.05); ②the intake of group C was significantly higher than group A (P<0.05); ③with the addition of yeast cultures increased, feed weight ratio has downward trend; ④the number of diarrhea piglets in group C was significantly reduced than group A,and the number of deaths out decreased significantly as well.
Research of the Effect of Dietary Linseed Oil on Fat Deposition of Broiler
LIU Lixiao;;LI Heping;LI Shaoyu;WANG Linyi;WEI Fengxian;XU Bin;ZHAO Xiaoqing;HAO Guoqing
2009, 36(3):  27-31. 
Abstract ( 1943 )  
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An experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of 3%, 5%linseed oil in diets on the content of TG, TC, HDLC, LDLC in serum and activities of FAS in liver, LPL in abdominal fat and body fat deposition of broilers. Two hundred sixteen 21dayold Ross 308 female broilers were randomly divided into three treatments with each treatment replicated 6 times with 12 birds for replicate,which were fed control diets, 3% linseed oil and 5% linseed oil for 3 weeks. The results showed that serum levels of TG were not significantly different among treatments (P>0.05). The TC level was slightly higher than the control (P>0.05) and LDLC levels slightly lower than the control (P>0.05). The HDLC level in 3% LO was significantly higher than the control (P<0.05). FAS activity in liver and LPL activity in abdominal fat were lower in 3%, 5% linseed oil than the control (P>0.05) which is disagreement with the tendency of abdominal fat deposition.
Effects of Feed Enzyme Preparation on the Production and Breed Performance and Digestibility in Laying Breeder Hens
YANG Jiuxian;ZHANG Jinzhu;GUO Baohai;WANG Shuhe;JI Cheng;MA Qiugang
2009, 36(3):  32-35. 
Abstract ( 2085 )  
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This trial was conducted to study the effects of feed enzyme preparation on the production and breed performance and digestibility in laying breeder hens with enzyme Allzyme. Nine hundred and seventytwo 24weekold Roman brown parentbreeding layers were randomly allocated to 3 treatments with 6 replicates and 54 birds each replicate. Three treatments were positive control groups, negative control groups and enzyme addition groups. The feed was based on maize and diverse meals, and the positive control diets contained 0.40% nonphytate phosphorus and no enzyme preparation, the negative control diets contained 0.21% nonphytate phosphorus and no enzyme preparation, and the enzyme addition diets were formulated by the addition of 200 g/t Allzyme to the negative control diets. The trial was continued for 18 weeks. The results showed that the production performance of laying breeder hens had no significant difference (P>0.05). Dietary treatments had no effects (P>0.05) on the production performance. The addition of 200 g Allzyme SSF per ton to replace 75% dicalcium phosphate in breeding layers diets can reduce feed costs and improve economic efficiency of laying breeder hens with no adverse effects on production and breeding performance.
Assessing Nutritional Value of Qinghai Local Oat Hay with in vitroGas Production Method and Nylon Bags Method
HONG Jinsuo;LIU Shujie;CHAI Shatuo;CUI Zhanhong;ZHANG Xiaowei;ZHAO Yueping
2009, 36(3):  36-38. 
Abstract ( 2217 )  
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3 yaks,4 years old, with permanent rumen fistula, which had 1/2 wild blood, were chosen to assess nutritional value of Qinghai local oat hay with in vitro gas production method and nylon bags method. The result showed that in oat hay,the content of CP was 7.17%,EE was 2.23%,NDF was 54.86%,ADF was 29.15%;dry matter digestibility of oat hay in 72 h which was measured by in vitro gas production method is 87%,by nylon bags method was 80.56%. We estimated that the digestibility of ODM was 89.30%,ME was 13.99 MJ/kg DM.The dry matter digestibility of oat hay in 4,6,8 h were a little higher than the rate which was measured by in vitro gas production method;dry matter digestibility which were measured in period of 12,24,36,48,72 h were a little lower than the rate which were measured by in vitro gas production method, but there was no significantly different (P>0.05).We analyzed the relationship of the two methods, then we got r=0.98,it showed that the relationship of this two methods was positive.
Nosiheptide and its Application in Swine Production
REN Qiaoling;LIANG Yonghong
2009, 36(3):  39-41. 
Abstract ( 1496 )  
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The future of nosiheptide in the application of swine production is very considerable as a kind of new feeding antibiotic. The finding, physical characteristic, security of nosiheptide, and its application in piglets and fattening pigs production are showed in the article.
生物技术
Development of Gold Immunochromatography DiagnosticStrips for Detecting Akabane Virus
YANG Su;;CHEN Bo-wen;SHA Cai-hua;LIAO Xiu-yun;QIN Ai-jianWANG Ji-hua;PENG Yun-ping;LIU Xiao-yun
2009, 36(3):  42-44. 
Abstract ( 1530 )  
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We developed akabane virus gold immunochroamatography diagnostic strips with the “sandwich” assay format, which is suitable for field fast test. Akabane virus specific McAbs 3A and 2C were purified, purified McAbs were labeled with the colloidal gold synthesized by trisodium citrate disoxidation method. Goat anti-mouse IgG and purified McAb were separately sprayed on the nitrocellulose membrane as the control line (C line) and the test line (T line) to detect akabane virus in the samples. Test results indicated that akabane virus gold immunochroamatography diagnostic strips established in this study were sensitive (with sensitivity of 10 TCID50), specific, rapid, stable and simple. It is very suitable for basic veterinary medical laboratories to do fast large-scale field screening test, and has very important significance to akabane virus fast diagnose.
Research on Expression of Landrace OPN Gene on Different Days
YANG Guo-wei;ZHANG Dong-jie;WANG Xiao-hong;WANG Wen-tao;LIU Di
2009, 36(3):  45-47. 
Abstract ( 1596 )  
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Expression level of OPN gene in Landrace heart, liver, stomach, spleen, kidney, lung, large intestine, small intestine, muscle, uterus and ovary on 1 d, 7 d, 90 d, 180 d, 270 d and 360 d were studied by RT-PCR method. The result showed that OPN gene was a broad-spectrum expression gene, it had been detected in eleven tissues on six time point, but existed spatio-temporal change, so presumed that its biology function was very abroad.
Establishment of Immunochromatographic Strip and its Application in Diagnosis of Animal Disease
XU Bao-jiang;;GUO Cheng-liu
2009, 36(3):  48-51. 
Abstract ( 1537 )  
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As a new rapid diagnosis technique,gold-immunochromatography has the merit of micro analysis,specificity,convenience and is applied to general survey.This paper focused on principle and establishment of immunochromatographic strip.The applications of immunochromatographic strip in animal disease diagnosis were introduced in the article.
Recent Progress in Zona-Free Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer
YANG Li-jun;LI Yu
2009, 36(3):  52-57. 
Abstract ( 1783 )  
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At present,the ways of somatic cell nclear transfer(SCNT) was still the same to the Willadsen’s method: enucleation, injection, fusion and activation.With its low efficiency and requiring sophisticated and expensive micromanipulation equipment and considerable skills from the operator,so attempt to simplify and establish a cloing process suitable for manufacturing conditions,thereby improve the effieiency of nuclear transfer has been a tireless efforts of the people.This paper introduces the methods of zona-free SCNT and the single embryo culture system.
Construction of Prokaryotic Expression Vector of PRRSV ORF5 Gene and tPA Signal Peptide
QIU Huang;XIA Ping-an;LU Gao-feng;WANG Zhong-ming;LIU Ming-li;LI Wei-juan;DANG Zhan-guo
2009, 36(3):  58-62. 
Abstract ( 2218 )  
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According to the published gene sequence of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) from GenBank (accession number E00896), with on-line signal peptide analysis tools to predict the tPA signal peptide including 63 bp, one pair of specific primer of tPA signal peptide was designed and synthesized and the tPA signal peptide was amplified by overlapping PCR. Finally, the tPA signal sequence was introduced to replace the original signal peptide of the ORF5 gene by another pair of primer. The studies lay foundations for further study on the secretion expression and the vaccine or diagnosis kit for PRRSV.
生理生化
Study on Effect of Taurochenodeoxycholic Acid on Gene Expression of Interleukin-2 in the Spleen of Mouse
LI Pei-feng;LIU Ming-qiang;GUAN Hong
2009, 36(3):  66-70. 
Abstract ( 1578 )  
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To investigate the mechanism of action of anti-inflammatory and immunological regulation, the change of interleukin-2〖JP〗〖HT〗〖HJ〗〖LM〗

〖HT5”BZ〗
interleukin-2 gene in the level of mRNA in the spleen of healthy and immunosuppressive mouse was detected with the technology of real time RT-PCR. Compared to the control group, the gene expression of interleukin-2 in the spleen of mouse both high dose (0.20 g/kg body weight) and low does TCDCA(0.10 g/kg body weight)group could raised(P<0.01). Immunosuppressive model groups, high and low TCDCA could markedly revive the gene expression of interleukin-2 inhibited by ciclosporin A and the low TCDCA group markedly toped the control group. The mechanism of anti-inflammatory and immunoregulation has an intimate relationship with enhancing the gene expression of interleukin-2 inhibited in the level of mRNA in the spleen of mouse.

Antidiabetic Effects of Varying Degree of Deacetylation Chitooligosaccharides on Pancreatic Islet Cells in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats
LIU Bing;QIN Zhen-kui;LIN Xiang-mei;MEI Lin;LIU Wan-shun;HAN Bao-qin
2009, 36(3):  71-76. 
Abstract ( 1975 )  
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To detect the varying degree of deacetylation effect of chitooligosaccharides prepared by enzymatic hydrolysis on the proliferation of pancreatic islet cells、the release of insulin and 2 h plasma glucose in diabetic mouse induced by streptozotocin. Chitooligosaccharides were prepared by enzymatic hydrolysis. In vitro,the effect of varying degree of deacetylation chitooligosaccharides on the proliferation of pancreatic islet cells and the release of insulin were detected with optical microscope,MTT colorimetric assay,radioimmunoassay methods respectively; the general clinical symptom,2 h plasma glucose,urine glucose,oral glucose tolerance test were examined after 60 days feeding study to determine the effect of varying degree of deacetylation chitooligosaccharides on diabetic mouse induced by streptozotocin. The results indicate that the varying degree of deacetylation chitooligosaccharides can effectively accelerate the proliferation of the pancreastic β cells, chitooligosaccharides has prominent effect on the release of insulin.All varying degree of deacetylation chitooligosaccharides have effective effects on the general clinical symptom of DM rats,decrease the 2 h plasma glucose and urine glucose, normalize the disorders of glucose tolerance.
Effect of Interferon on Proliferation of H9N2 Avian Influenza Virus in Chick Embryo
WANG Xin-wei;WANG Yu;LI Jian-zhong;WANG Yan
2009, 36(3):  77-79. 
Abstract ( 2152 )  
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To investigate effect of interferon on proliferation of H9N2 avian influenza virus in chick embryo, chick embryos were grouped and treated with interferon and H9N2 avian influenza virus (AIV). And then virus titer was detected by using HA. The results showed that proliferation of AIV could be restrained in the high-dose group, middle-dose group and low-dose group, but there was no significant difference among the three treated groups. The high-dose group interferon could significantly inhibit the proliferation of the virus, which compared with other dose groups in a certain time. The results showed that the high-dose interferon inhibited the proliferation of H9N2 AIV obviously in a certain period of time, this would have a certain application value in the production.
Effect of Astragalus Polysaccharides on Proliferation of Rat Intestinal Mucosa Microvascular Endothelial Cells in vitro
ZHANG Lei;HU Ge;SUO Zhan-wei;DUAN Hui-qin;YI Peng-fei;HU Yi-yi;MU Xiang;
2009, 36(3):  80-83. 
Abstract ( 2086 )  
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To study the effects of astragalus polysaccharides (APS) on the proliferation in culture of rat intestinal mucosa microvascular endothelial cells (RIMMVECs). RIMMVECs were incubated with different concentrations of APS. The cell morphology was observed and cell proliferation ability was determined by MTT. The proliferation of RIMMVECs was lower (P<0.05 or 0.01) when APS was between 3.2×103 and 25.6×103 mg/L, and higher (P<0.05 or 0.01) when APS was between 25 and 800 mg/L. There was no obvious change in proliferation when treated with 1.6×103 mg/L APS. APS may stimulate the proliferation of cultured RIMMVECs. It plays an important role in protection from injury of RIMMVECs and accelerating its repairing.
Progress on Residue Analysis of Benzimidazole Veterinary Drugs
ZHANG Lu-shan;LIU Yun-fei;ZHANG Xin-zhong;ZHENG Shan-shan;
2009, 36(3):  84-88. 
Abstract ( 1663 )  
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Benzimidazole veterinary drugs have been listed into the Monitoring Plan for Certain Substances and Residues in Live Animals and Products of Animal Origin, Peoples Republic of China (PRC). In this paper, the progress on residue analysis of benzimidazole veterinary drugs in many animal-origin food samples was reviewed. This paper briefly described the physicochemical and residual properties of benzimidazoles, elaborated on the analytical methods of benzimidazoles on sample preparation, purification, and separation and determination techniques.
遗传繁育
Advances on Five Related Genes with Delayed Puberty in Mammals
FENG Tao;DI Ran;CHU Ming-xing;ZHANG Ying-jie;
2009, 36(3):  89-92. 
Abstract ( 1361 )  
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Mutations have been identified in an increasing number of genes that influence the onset and progression of puberty.These mutations accounted for about 75% of the variation in the timing of puberty. This review briefly introduced the relationships between mutations of DAX1, KAL1, FGFR1, PROP1, PROKR2/ PROK2 genes and delayed puberty in mammals.
The Effect of Various Sample Conservation Medium and Condition on Cell Culture in Vitro
WU Hong-mei;NA Ri-su;LIU Shuai;LU Tao-feng;BAO A-dong;ZHANG Wen-xiu;GUAN Wei-jun;MA Yue-hui
2009, 36(3):  93-96. 
Abstract ( 2084 )  
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Seven-days-old embryo of Short-feet Chicken was studied in present research, and the tissues of chicken embryo were conserved by three different medium. The variation of tissue conservation culture medium, cell morphology and cell growth were studied by tissue culture for different conservation time at different conservation temperature to analyze the effect of tissue conservation condition on cell culture in vitro. The results indicated that the cells from tissue conserved at 4 ℃ were better than conserved at room temperature; the cells from tissue preserved in basic culture medium MEM and whole culture medium were obviously better than preserved in PBS either at 4 ℃ or at room temperature, and the whole culture medium was the best conservation medium; there is no significant difference among these three conservation mediums when preserved in 48 hours at room temperature, while the culture become bad deeply when preserved after 48 hours, and the tissue died and no cell grew in PBS after 96 hours. The present study supplied some reference to the conservation of tissue and the construction of cell line.

The Progress of Mice Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer
WANG Yi
2009, 36(3):  97-101. 
Abstract ( 1436 )  
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Somatic cell nuclear transfer is currently one of the hot spots in the area of biotechnology. The research of mice somatic cell nuclear transfer has tremendous value because of the clear genetic background, short breeding cycle and lower breeding cost of mice. This paper reviews the brief history of mice somatic cell nuclear transfer, discussed its main methods,summarized the factors affecting its efficiency and its molecular mechanism, and looks forward to the future of mouse somatic cell nuclear transfer.
Effect of Different Durations on Nuclear Maturation in Vitro of Feline Oocytes
WU Jing;;NI He-min;LIU Yun-hai;GUO Yong;BAO Wen-yu;XU Yang;WANG Xin-zhuang;
2009, 36(3):  102-105. 
Abstract ( 1992 )  
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The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of different durations on nuclear maturation in vitro of feline oocytes.Following the in vitro maturation (IVM) in Medium 199 added with FSH and LH, feline oocytes were treated for 24 h, 28 h, 32 h, 36 h and 43 h respectively. Then, the polar body 1(PB1) were observed and oocytes were stained by aceto-orcein solution, and those with Pb1 and stayed at MⅡ phase, were considered as nuclear maturation. The rate of nuclear maturation in the 43 h group was significantly higher than the others (P<0.01). The rate of nuclear maturation in the 24 h group was significantly lower than the others (P<0.01), but there was no significant differences of the rate of nuclear maturation among other three groups(P>0.05). In addition, the rate of degeneration in the 43 h group was also significantly higher than the others (P<0.01).Therefore, the optimal nuclear maturation of feline oocytes appeared following the duration from 28 to 36 h by IVM.
Progress in Relationship between Comb Genes and Performance,Heredity Rule of Comb Morphology in Chicken
ZHANG Jin-cheng;WANG Jin-fu;LI Yan;ZHANG Cheng-xian;LIU Xiu-xia;HAN Guang;LIAO He-rong
2009, 36(3):  106-109. 
Abstract ( 2062 )  
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The comb type is one of domesticated fowl’s traits, and combs of diffe
rent ckicken breeds have different characteristics and shapes. There are four types in chicken combs: pea comb, rose comb, single comb and walnut comb. The comb morphology of chickens is determined by the rose comb gene(R) and the pea comb gene(P),but they are on different chromosomes. This article reviews the relationship between comb genes and performance,as well as heredity rule of comb types and the mapping of comb gene in the chicken.

Analysis of Genotype of PrP Gene in China Cow
ZHANG Tai-xiang;TIAN Guo-hua;TIAN Guo-ning;ZHANG Jin-ling;HAN Liang;ZHANG Li-ping
2009, 36(3):  110-111. 
Abstract ( 1608 )  
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We got the PrP gene of 28 black and white cows by PCR using the primers designed according to the reported cow PrP gene. Sequence analysis showed the segment of cow PrP gene were 677 bp, coding 225 amino acids. The analysis of polymorphism of 136,154,171 amino acid site of prion protein revealed the genotype of ARQ associated with an intermediate susceptibility to TSE was present in 82.9% of cow examined, the genotype of ARR that associated with the resistance to TSE was present in 7.1% of cow examined, the genotype of VRQ associated with high susceptibility to TSE was present in 10% of cow examined. It suggested that the cow in our country was intermediate susceptibility to TSE, which could support the basic data to prevent and control the TSE in our country.

Effects of Three Kinds of Chinese Medicine Simplex Components on Porcine Parthenogenetic Embryos Development in Vitro
XU Jie;LI Dong-dong;ZHANG Zhi-gang;LIU Xiao-ran;ZHAO Zhao;ZHAO Ju;XIANG Rong-ke;GAO Jian-ming
2009, 36(3):  112-115. 
Abstract ( 2089 )  
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In order to based better cultural system of porcine embryos in vitro, the maturated oocytes were selected as the experimental material in this study, to approach the effects of Ligustrazine, Berberine and Icariin on culture of porcine parthenogenetic embryos in vitro.And the same method of parthenogenesis activation(PA) was adopted within the whole groups. NCSU-23 basic culture medium without addition was taken as control group, while the experiment group were divided into three groups and supplemented with three kinds of Chinese medicine simplex components respectively in vary concentrations at low, moderate and high level(Lig1,Lig2,Lig3;BR1,BR2,BR3;Ica1,Ica2,Ica3),so that the optimal concentration of each experiment group can be screen out.The results showed: ①The PA embryos on 48 h and day 7th, the cleavage and blastocyst rate of Lig1 group were significantly higher than Lig2 group and the control group(P<0.05), extremely higher than Lig3 group(P<0.01).②The cleavage rate of BR2 group was significantly higher than the control group and BR3 group,there was no statistical difference between BR1 and BR2 group(P>0.05).The blastocyst rate of BR2 group was remarkably higher than any other groups(P<0.05), the blastocyst rates among the rest of groups were found no statistically different(P>0.05). ③The PA embryos on 48 h and day 7th, the cleavage and blastocyst rate of Ica2 group was significantly higher than any other groups(P<0.05),and there was no statistical difference between the rest of groups(P>0.05).Above all, NCSU-23 basic culture medium supplemented with three kinds of Chinese medicine simplex components could notably improve the development of porcine embryos in vitro.
Filtrate on the Seminal Freezing-diluent of Tibet-mastiff
QUAN Kai
2009, 36(3):  120-122. 
Abstract ( 2067 )  
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In order to increasing the reproductive capacity of Tibet-mastiff, perfecting artificial insemination(AI)technology and preserving spermatozoa of excellent Tibet-mastiff. We had collect and frozen the semen of eight Tibet-mastiffs, at the same time, had a systemic filtrate to the spermatozoa freezing-extender of Tibet-mastiff. The result showed that the extenderⅤ(composing by glucose 1.98 g, sucrose 3.42 g, citric acid sodium 0.59 g, glutamic acid sodium 0.75 g, EDTA-Na2 1.21 g, vitamin B6 10 mL, vitamin B12 10 mL,yelk 20 mL and glycerol 8 mL) is the best cryopreservation extender of Tibet-mastiff. The forward motility sperm is 0.58, pathomorphology sperm is 17.2%, meeting the quality criteria apply for AI and storage at -196 ℃.
奶业专栏
Quantitative Changes of Some Related Bacteria Species in the Rumenof Dairy Goatssuffered from Subacute Rumen Acidosis
LIU Ye-tong;LIU Da-cheng;LU De-xun;HU Hong-lian
2009, 36(3):  123-126. 
Abstract ( 2108 )  
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The quantitative changes of some related bacteria in the rumen of dairy goats suffered from subacute rumen acidosis (SARA) were determined. Six Guanzhong lactating goats with similar weights and fixed with ruminal cannula were used.They were fed concentrates daily by gradually increasing feeding regime. The trial was divided into four stages and in first stage dietary concentrate-to-forage ratio is 5∶5, in second stage 6∶4, in third stage 7∶3,and in the fourth stage 8∶2. The amount of ruminal bacteria of the experimental animals were determined by the method of 16S rRNA probes and traditional cultivation method. With the increase of the dietary concentrate to forage ratio, the quantities of Strepococcus bovis, Lactobacillus, Selenomonas ruminantium, Megasphera elsdenii and Amylolytic bacteria were increased in varying degrees, while amounts of the three kinds Cellulolytic bacterias were decreased and the numbers of amylolytic bacteria increased significantly(P<0.01).Under the condition suffered from SARA, the amounts of rumen bacteria, Lactate-production bacteria and Lactate-utilizing bacteria were all increased, and quantities of the three main kinds Cellulolytic bacterias were decreased significantly.
Preliminary Studies on Common Antigen of Escherichia ColiIsolated from Subclinic Mastitis Samples
YANG Xue-yun;LI Jian-jun;WANG Zhi-cai;Maliyamu
2009, 36(3):  127-130. 
Abstract ( 1830 )  
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Subclinical mastitis were detected from 1020 milk samples collected from 8 dairy farms of Xinjiang by the method of LMT and Escherichia coli were isolated and identified from positive samples. Immune serums were prepared with 8 Escherichia coli chosen from the strains isolated from different farm. Common antigens were screened from other 21 Escherichia coli isolated from subclinical mastitis with tube agglutination test. Result showed that immune serum titer was 1∶2560 to 1∶5120 and 85.7% strain tested give positive reaction with 3 immune serum. SDS-PAGE analysis of 8 strains which used for immune serum made demonstrated that some similar or common protein bands appeared in 20 to 84 ku. Western blotting of 8 strains with immune serum shows that reaction occurred in 70 ku. The result shows that Escherichia coli isolated from subclinical mastitis samples have common antigens.
Production and Content Detection of Multi-valent IgY against Cow Mastitis
ZHEN Yu-hong;;DIAO Yun-peng;SHU Xiao-hong;ZHANG Hou-li;DENG Sa;LI Xiao-yu;FANG Rui;CHEN Jie;XU Yong-ping
2009, 36(3):  134-136. 
Abstract ( 1546 )  
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The objective of this study was to produce multi-valent egg yolk immunoglobulin(IgY) against mastitis and detect the content of specific IgY. IgY was produced by immunizing laying hens with the mixture of formaldehyde killed Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae and Escherichia coli, and was isolated from yolk by water dilution. Titer and content of specific IgY was detected by ELISA. The highest titer of the multi-valent antibody against Escherichia coli was 25600, that against Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae was both 12800. The content of specific IgY in yolk against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae was 2.13,2.01 and 1.92 mg/mL, respectively. The varying trend of specific IgY content accorded to that of IgY titer.
疾病防治
Research Prospects of Fusobacterium Necrophorum Leukotoxin as Subunit Vaccine Candidate Antigens of Foot Rot Disease
GUO Dong-hua;SUN Dong-bo;WU Rui;FAN Chun-ling;SUN Bin
2009, 36(3):  137-139. 
Abstract ( 1431 )  
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Foot rot is a frequently occurring disease, charactered by damages of interdigital skin and soft tissue of deep-based, and effect of production of dairy milk quality and performance. Genetically engineered vaccine of foot rot disease becomes a hot research due to the shortcomings of traditional vaccines. The novel research prospects of Fusobacterium necrophorum leukotoxin as subunit vaccine candidate antigens of foot rot disease are summarized in this paper, and object of this paper is to provide a reference for subunit vaccine research of foot rot.
Advance of the Inhibition Effects of Chinese Herbal Medicine on Drug-Resistance Escherichia coli
WANG De-zhi;ZHANG Min;WU Rui
2009, 36(3):  140-142. 
Abstract ( 1645 )  
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Chinese herbal medicine can inhibit and eliminate resistance, but its mechanism of the action is not defined completely. Accordingly, research of Chinese herbal medicine inhibiting and eliminating resistance and its mechanism need to be studied, and on this basis, it is great significance to explore safe,efficient,economic inhibitor. In this paper, Escherichia coli resistance situation,inhibitory mechanism of Chinese herbal medicine and inhibition resistant-Escherichia coli were reviewed. 
〖WTHZ〗Key words: 〖WTBZ〗 Chinese herbal medicine; resistance; Escherichia coli
Establishment and Pathological Observasion of Infection Modelfor Streptococcus suis Serotype 2 in Ordinary Piglets
QI Xin-yong;WANG Jian;LIU Pei-hong;SHEN Li-ping;XU Feng
2009, 36(3):  146-148. 
Abstract ( 2076 )  
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The objective of this pepar is to establish the infection model for Streptococcus suis serotype 2 using ordinary long-white piglets and observe the pathological changes in infected ones. Eight piglets were randomly divided into control and test groups. The test group was given intravenous inoculation of blood contained SS2 and the control group was given saline inoculation. The pigs infected with SS2 in the test groups all died in 5 days with symptoms such as meningitis, inflammation of the pericardium, arthritis and septicemia. The typical clinical symptoms and pathological changes in the animals were similiar to the state of natural infection. The lung, spleen, lever and heart of infected pigs were all separated with the same bacteria as the inoculated ones. This study proves that pathological cases can be reproduced by giving intravenous inoculation of blood contained SS2 to the ordinary piglets. The successful development of the infection model will play an important role in the research of SS2 pathogenicity.
Study on the Effect of Astragalus Polysaccharide Adjuvant to Inactivated Vaccine of Riemerella Anatipestifer SerotypeⅠ
JIN Er-guang;CHEN Jie;QIAN Yun-guo;CHEN Cheng;ZENG Xin-hua;GONG Shi-yu;HUA Juan
2009, 36(3):  151-152. 
Abstract ( 1683 )  
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An inactivated astragalus polysaccharide (APS) adjuvant vaccine was developed with Riemerella anatipestifer (RA) serotype Ⅰ isolated from Wuhan in this research. Ducks were inoculated with optimal dosage (0.3 mL/duck) at the age of 5-day. The protection rates were 100%, 90%, 100%, 100% and 90% on the 3 rd, 7 th, 10 th, 14 th and 21 st day after vaccination, respectively. Immunodiffusion assay showed that the specific antibody could be found since 3 rd day post inoculation, and reached peak on 10 th day (P<0.01). These results suggested that this vaccine could against duck infectious serositis effectually.
Isolation and Identification of Canine Distemper Virus from Raccoon Dog
LIU Shuang-yi;WANG Jin-yi;WANG Yan-tao;LIU He-yi;HOU Xi-lin
2009, 36(3):  153-156. 
Abstract ( 1527 )  
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Raccoon dog specimen from daqing were collected for virus isolation in vero cell culture. The isolated virus was confirmed by a series of systemic identification, such as serology test ,physics and chemistry characteristics and molecular virology test.The results showed that the specimens could cause cytopathogenic efect (CPE) in vero cell after subculturing 72 h. The isolated virus could be neutralized with positive canine sera of CDV with the neutralization titer of 1∶25.The agglutination titer of isolated virus was 1∶16 for the chicken erythrocytes. The isolated virus was sensitive for chloroform, aether and acid. It was completely inactivated at 60 ℃ within 1 h. A DNA fragment of 287 bp was amplified from infected vero cells by RT-PCR.The agreement of N gene fragment sequence between the isolated virus and CDV MS01 from GenBank was 99%.From the results described above,the isolated virus was CDV and designated as CDV-DQ.
Studies on the Immunity Effect of Newcastle Disease Complex Vaccine in One-day Old Common Chick
ZHANG Zhen-hua;JIANG Bei-yu;LI Yong-qing;LI Lin;MAO Ya-qing; ZHANG Jian-wei;JING Xiao-dong;ZHENG Xiao-lan
2009, 36(3):  157-159. 
Abstract ( 2000 )  
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Four kind of complex vaccines were composed of NDV La Sota strain and the specific antibody against NDV in different ratios, the immunity effect test of vaccines were carried out with one-day old common chicks. Chicks in group 1 to 4 were vaccinated with complex vaccines 1 to 4 respectively, chicks in group 5 were vaccinated with La Sota live vaccine, and chicks in group 6 were not vaccinated with any vaccine. Blood samples were taken post-immunization three weeks, and levels of anti-NDV antibody were tested by HI test. All chickens in group 1 to 6 were challenged with high virulent NDV Beijing strain F48E9 when twenty-one days old.The test results showed that the mean HI antibody titers of group 1 to 6 post-immunization three weeks were 3.2log2,3.1log2,3.3log2,3.2log2,3.1log2、2.9log2, respectively. After challenge,mortality in group 1 to 6 were 15%,20%,0%,35%,30%,50%, respectively. The results suggested that the complex vaccine made with NDV La Sota and anti-NDV antibody could remain good immunogenicity, reduce vaccine virulence and increase vaccine safety, and its immunity effect was better than that of common live vaccine.
The Detection and Analysis of Pigs’ FMD Antibody Level before Slaughtered
LUO Wei-qiang;CHEN Bo-lun;QIAN GUI-pei;XU Wei-yun;YU Xing-long;LI Xiao-jun
2009, 36(3):  160-161. 
Abstract ( 1985 )  
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The objective of this pepar is to investigate and study FMD antibody level of slaughtered pigs transported from foreign provinces. 2800 serum samples were got in Dongguan during the four stages of 2004,November 2006 to December 2006,February 2007 to March 2007 and March 2007 to April 2007, the samples of 2004 were detected by ELISA, the others were detected by FMDV type O positive hemagglutination. The qualified rate is only 13.7% in 2004, antibody level above 1∶32 is 29.77%, while above 1∶128 only accounts for 9.66% in November 2006 to April 2007. The results show that FMD antibody level is low.
Report on Results of Detecting Bovine Paratuberculosis
ZHANG Ji-cai;FU Mei-fen;YANG Guo-rong;WANG An-kui;YANG Shi-ping;HUANG Bi-zhi;YUAN Xi-ping
2009, 36(3):  162-165. 
Abstract ( 1713 )  
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Herds in the model farm of Yunnan provincial beef cattle and pasture centre were detected by PPD test, integrated with bacterial culture, ELISA and pathological anatomy, which was applied to detection of bovine paratuberculosis. And no animal was discovered to be positive.
Identification and Drug-sensitivity Tests of Riemeralla Anatipestifer
GE Rui;GU Jie-qing;WANG Jia-xiu;LIU Chuang;SHU Gang;LIN Tao;WANG Li-li;ZHANG Lan;ZHENG Zhan-tao
2009, 36(3):  171-172. 
Abstract ( 1732 )  
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A suspected Riemeralla anatipestifer(RA) strain was isolated from ducks with disease of typical fibrinous percarditis,perihepatitis and airsacculitis in Sichuan province. By a series of systematic indentification,it was demonstrated to be Riemeralla anatipestifer.It produced urease,could not ferment carbohydrates,and could not produced H2S,nitrate,Indol,MR and VP test were negative.The isolated strain was highly susceptible to levofloxacin,gentanicin,piperacicin etc,and was not susceptible to streptomycin,penicilin,cefradine and so on.
2009, 36(3):  176-176. 
Abstract ( 1319 )  
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流行病防治
Advance on Avian Influenza in Wild Birds and Prevention and Control Strategy in Tibet
LI Jia-kui;DONG Hai-long; ZHANG Chao
2009, 36(3):  177-179. 
Abstract ( 1709 )  
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Avian influenza is an infectious disease of poultry caused by influenza A viruses. In this article, the epidemic characteristics of H5N1 HPAI, overview of infection of H5N1 in wild birds were reviewed, meanwhile the suggestion of prevention and control of avian influenza in Tibet was given.
Advances in Scrapie Research
ZHANG Tai-xiang;ZHANG Li-ping;ZHANG Jin-ling;TIAN Guo-ning;WANG Bing-jun;TIAN Guo-hua;HAN Liang
2009, 36(3):  188-190. 
Abstract ( 1422 )  
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The bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) crisis clearly demonstrated the need to keep animal transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) under control in order to protect animal and human health. Scrapie is the most widespread TSE of livestock in the world. For this reason, health authorities in different countries have elaborated plans that aim towards scrapie eradication. The author aims to update the scientific information available on this issue.
兽医临床
Repair Simultaneously Canine Bilateral Complicate Perineal Hernia
TIAN Haiyan
2009, 36(3):  195-197. 
Abstract ( 1559 )  
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Perineal hernia is one of the common diseases in elder dogs. Surgical repair is the only treatment method. The most commonly used technique is making patient in prone position. It is difficult to repair the hernia and repair simultaneously at one operation. Hernias relapse in some cases. This paper introduces an innovative technique: operation becomes easier and hernia recurrence is less with the colopexy and cystopexy before repair surgery; bilateral complicated perineal hernia can be repaired in one operation with the dorsal recumbency.
畜禽产品
Studies on the Capability of Meat Production and Meat Quality of Taihu Goose
TANG Xiu-jun;GAO Yu-shi;CHEN Kuan-wei;GUO Jun;TANG Qing-ping;ZHANG Shuang-jie
2009, 36(3):  209-211. 
Abstract ( 2192 )  
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The slaughter capability and meat quality of Taihu goose at age of 70 days were measured. The results were as follows:①there was a significant difference between the percentage of eviscerated yield of female goose(70.31%) and male goose(69.01%)(P<0.05); there was a significant difference between the percentage of semi- eviscerated yield of female goose(79.17%) and male goose(77.46%) (P<0.05); the difference of breast muscle ratio between female and male goose was significant(P<0.05).②whether the goose is female or male, the flesh color and pH of leg muscle was much higher than breast muscle; The Shear force was 2.45~3.91 kg, and the breast muscle was higher than leg muscle(P<0.01); the water holding capacities was 71.30%~73.05%. ③The percentage of moisture content and the crude protein were 75.88%~76.70% and 20.33%~20.91%, respectively, there was no significant difference between male and female or breast and leg muscle. The percentage of crude fat was 1.18%~1.45%, there was a significant difference between the breast muscle of female goose(1.45%) and male goose(1.18%)(P<0.05). 
动物生产
2009, 36(3):  212-214. 
Abstract ( 1909 )  
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The Research on the Insecticide Procedures of Wenchang Chicken in the Eco-stocking Process
ZHAO Jian-guo;LAN Xiao-xi;YU Xiang-chun;WU Li-li;FU Qi
2009, 36(3):  215-216. 
Abstract ( 1564 )  
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Monitor the type of infected parasite and the number of eggs in feces in the Wenchang chicken eco-stocking process with egg floating law and McMaster’s egg counting method. In the process the serious infected parasite are the chicken roundworm and some kind of nematode. After 35 days later the EPG reached 700 and growth significant with natural ecological conditions of release. Killed 30 chickens at random and checked 18 chickens were infected with roundworm. The infection rate was 60 percent and the average intensity of infection was 8 worms every one. So recommend that the better insecticide-frequency was 3~4 times during the process. The first insecticide time was during 25~30 days after stocking.
Correlation and Regression Analysis of Body Weight and Agein Cattle and Sheep in Tibet Agriculture Regions
TIAN Fa-yi;LI Xiao-zhong;BA Ping;BAMA Yang-zong;ZHONG Guo-hui
2009, 36(3):  217-220. 
Abstract ( 2092 )  
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The age as independent variable and body weight as dependent variable was realized curve fitting to Body measurements of Bostaurusdomestica cow, Holstein cow, Simmental cow, Tsigai, the ram and ewe of Tibetan sheep in Tibet agriculture region. The correlation coefficients of curve fitting are 0.83,0.72,0.78,0.68,0.67 and 0.74, respectively. The between measured values and estimated were no significant(P>0.05). The growth characteristics of cows and sheep in Tibet agriculture regions were truly realized in these regression models.
Acute Toxicity Test of Wedelia Chinensis to Mice
LIANG Fang-fang;MO Yi;LAI Zhi-qiang;YANG Jia-huang;HE Ren-chun;MAI Wei-hong
2009, 36(3):  223-225. 
Abstract ( 1439 )  
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In order to fully evaluate the safety of the Wedelia chinensis, based on the chronic toxicity test of Wedelia chinensis to rabbits, we conducted the acute toxicity test of Wedelia chinensis to mice administered by oral. In the test, we observed the histopathology of the mice and compared their viscera coefficients. The results showed that: ①In the course of the test, mice of the control or test group didn’t die; ②There was no pathological change been found in viscera, after mice of the test group were killed; ③Viscera coefficients of mice were no significant difference (P>0.05) between the control and test group; ④Liver tissue of mice in test group changed slightly, while other viscera had no change. It indicated that: Wedelia chinensis can be safely used as animals’ forage.