China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine

Annual Review of Ruminant Nutrition in 2007～2008Ⅶ.Minerals Nutrition

ZHOU Zhen-feng;WANG Jia-qi;BU Deng-pan;LAN Xin-yi;LI Xi-yan;ZANG Chang-jiang

2009, 36(4): 5-8.

Abstract ( 1743 )

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Minerals affect performance and health of animal, which is one of the necessary nutrient. According to literature since 2007, summarizes the effect of the major elements and trace elements on ruminant growth and development, the maintenance of physiological function, rumen fermentation, product quality and production, immune function.The major elements of the research is calcium, phosphorus-based, trace element selenium in order to study the hot-oriented,and the further research on interaction of elements is proceed.The future research priorities on minerals include that the best DCAB of different period of milking,the relationship between elements and immune function,addition and metabolism of elements,and how to maintain the ecological environment and to ensure food safety and efficient development of new types of minerals additives.

Annual Review of Ruminant Nutrition in 2007～2008Ⅷ. Vitamin Nutrition

ZHOU Zhen-feng;WANG Jia-qi;BU Deng-pan;WANG An-ping;LI Qiu-ju;ZANG Chang-jiang

2009, 36(4): 9-13.

Abstract ( 2014 )

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Research advance of fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins,vitamin A, vitamin D,vitamin E from 2007 to 2008 has been reviewed in this article. Vitamin A can improve the immune function of ruminants and impact on beef quality and the development of ruminant adipose tissues.Sources of vitamin A have various biological avtivities vitamin D3 whose absorption is better than vitamin D2,has the ability of raising the immunity of dairy cattle, and increase the density of 25(OH)D3 in the sera,which has some effects on the beef quality vitamin E can elevate the milk production, reduce the incidence of afterbirth, and other, and stimulate the development of reproductive organs, resulting in the improvement of beef quality. Niacin can not only alleviate the effects of heat stress on the performance of dairy cattle, but also reduce the concentrations of free fatty acids in plasma decressing the incidence of fatty liver. Vitamin B12 can promote glucose metabolism and enhance the vitality of new-born lambs. Cholinergic can improve the production, milk fat and protein and affect the reproductive performance of dairy cattle. Coated vitamin C has good ability to pass the rumen and can be more in the intestinal tract, which furtherly the absorption of vitamins by dairy cows.

Advances on Nutrition and its Formulation of Broiler

GAO Hua-jie; XIONG Ben-hai; FU Lin-sheng;YI Tao

2009, 36(4): 14-18.

Abstract ( 1419 )

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The advances on nutrient requirements，feedstuff evaluation and formulation techniques of broiler are reviewed in this paper. It showed that feeding phases decision is more scientific from three to four phases; nutrient requirement specifications is presenting diversified trend of development, which are referred to be combined with the broiler breeds, environment, production goal and the evaluation systems of the feedstuff itself etc; secondly, formulation optimization technology itself is relative invariable, but if the coefficients matrix of formulation model is integrated from the standard deviation of the nutrients of used feedstuff, it will evidently enhance the true probability for goal nutrients to reach. The third, performance prediction about broiler is improved when diets are formulated on the basis of standardized ileal amino acid digestibility. The results and thought can provide the scientific basis for developing the new generation expert system of broiler feeding and nutrition.

Research Progress on Quantitative Method for Rumen Microorganism

GUO Tong-jun;;WANG Jia-qi;WANG Jian-ping;HUO Xiao-kai;;BU Deng-pan;WEI Hong-yang;ZHOU Ling-yun;LIU Kai-lang

2009, 36(4): 19-24.

Abstract ( 1375 )

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There are only 10%～20% microbes being learned form rumen by now. It is the necessary for promoting extensive and intensive research on rumen ecosystem to develop novel research method. This review discuss about the researched progress and their advantage or disadvantage of the quantitative method of traditional (roll-tube technique and most probable number) and modern molecular biology (nucleic acid hybridization, FISH, DGGE, quantification PCR and Flow cytometry).

Effects of Eucommia Ulmoides Oliver on Performance and Immune Function on Royal Chickens

CHEN Shao-hong;GAO Zhi-jie;LIU Yan-fen;YANG Huan-zhang;LIU You

2009, 36(4): 25-27.

Abstract ( 1466 )

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90 35-day-old health Royal chickens were randomly assigned to three groups with five replicates of six Royal chickens per group and the chickens were fed respectively with basal diet supplemented with 0, 500 and 1500 mg/kg eucommia ulmoides oliver for 7 weeks. The results showed that the feed/gain ratio of chickens in the experimental group 1 and 2 were decreased by 4.77% (P＞0.05) and 6.72%(P＜0.05) than that of control group. The percentage of ANAE+ cells and the rate of lymphocyte transformation of the birds in group 2 supplemented with 1500 mg/kg Eucommia ulmoides oliver were significantly increased, the development of spleen were also promoted by eucommia ulmoides oliver addition. Compared with the control group, the ND antibody titers and IgG levels of the chickens in both of the experimental groups tend to be increased slightly during the trial period. 

Immunohistochemical Detection of Labeling Skin of Inner Mongolia Cashmere Goats with BrdU

ZHENG Yan;XI Hai-yan;ZHOU Huan-min

2009, 36(4): 28-31.

Abstract ( 1299 )

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The purpose of this study is to investigate the feasibility of labeling skin of Inner Mongolia Cashmere Goats with 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine(BrdU), and to optimize its immunohistochemical conditions. Different dosage of BrdU was injected intravenously into goats’neck. Skin samples were taken from the back of the goats, then fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde and embedded with paraffin. The samples were examined with immunohistochemical technology to estimate effects of influence factors on labeling results such as the BrdU injection dosage, the dilution of second antibody and streptavidin-peroxidase, the way of antigen pretreatment, and DNA denature temperature. Positive cells with red nuclear were observed in labeled goats. However, positive signals were not observed in the samples from unlabeled goats and those incubated with PBS instead of BrdU-antibodies from labeled goats. BrdU can be used for labeling on Inner Mongolia Cashmere Goats in vivo. The optimal immunohistochemical results were shown in the conditions that denaturing DNA in 2 mol/L HCl for 30 min at 37 ℃, and repairing antigens in trypsin for 30 min at 37 ℃ and the dilution of biotin-conjugated second antibody and streptavidin-peroxidase is 1∶100.t; immunohistochemistry; labeling

Progress of the Detection of Amphemicols Residues in Animal-derived Foods

ZOU Yun;;WANG Guo-min;LI Xian-liang;ZHANG Jin-zhong;;LI Ying-guo;ZHANG Lei;ZHOU Qi-ming

2009, 36(4): 32-35.

Abstract ( 1364 )

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Amphemicols is a kind of widely used antibiotics, and the residues in food may influence on the food security. In this paper, the main analytical methods for amphemicols in animal-derived foods were summarized, and the development trend was forecasted.

Eighteen Blood Biochemical Indexes Assay of Ducks Experimentally Infected with a 〖JP〗Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus，A/duck/Guangdong/220/2004（H5N1）

LI Yu-gu;CUI Cong-ying;ZHOU Quan-he;YE Yuan-lan;MA Yong-jiang;〖JZ〗ZHANG Yuan;LI Chu-xuan

2009, 36(4): 36-42.

Abstract ( 1880 )

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Eighteen blood biochemical indexes were tested in ducks experimentally infected with a highly pathogenic avian influenza virus, A/duck/Guangdong/220/2004(H5N1) by intravenous and eyes-nares-mouth-cloaca routes. The results showed that the activity or contents of serum alanine aminotransferase（glutamic-pyruvic transminase）, aspartate aminotransferase（glutamic-oxaloacetic transminase）, γ-glutamyltransferase, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase were significantly increased; alkaline phosphatase’s were obviously decreased; early α-Amylase’s were significantly increased, late slightly decreased; total protein, globin, urea nitrogen, cholesterol, calcium and phosphorus’s were somewhat increased; albumin, creatinine, glucose, triglycerides and uric acid’s were usually decreased. We consider that assaying these blood biochemical indexes are useful for diagnosing avian influenza.

istribution of Muscovy Duck Reovirus in Muscovy Ducks Detected by Immunohistochemical Method

BAO Han-xun;QI Bao-min;SHANG Ying-hui

2009, 36(4): 43-46.

Abstract ( 1277 )

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84 10-day old healthy Muscovy ducks were infected with Muscovy Duck Reovirus (MDRV). The distribution of virus was detected by immunohistochemistry at 6, 12, 24, 48, 60, 72, 84, 108, 144, 204, 312 and 384 hours after infection. The purpose of this study is to explore infected cells and the pathogenesis. The results of detection showed that 6 and 12 hours post infection, all organs were negative; 24 hours post infection, liver, intestine and cerebrum showed positive cells first; 144 hours post infection, all organs were strongly positive; 204 hours post infection, spleen, lung and thymus kept the strongly positive reaction while the positive reaction of other organs began to decrease. The most strongly tissue tropism of MDRV was liver, spleen and cecum, and these tissues were the target organs of MDRV. The infected cells were as follows: capillary endothelial cells in all detected organs; liver cells and Kupffer’s cells in liver; lymphocyte, macrophage in spleen; epithelial cells of renal tubules, podocyte in kidney; cardiac muscle cells in heart; epithelial cells of alveolus, dust cells in lung; lymphocyte and macrophage in thymus; lymphocyte in Fabricius’bursa; epithelial cell, goblet cells, lymphocyte in intestine; oligodendrocyte in cerebrum and cerebellum. The infiltrated inflammatory lymphocytes were also positive in liver, kidney, heart, lung and other tissues.

Progress on Pulmonary Surfactant-associated Protein A

JIN Da-peng;;WANG Li-xian;ZHANG Long-chao;CHEN Shu-ming;HU Zhi-shuai

2009, 36(4): 47-50.

Abstract ( 1387 )

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Pulmonary surfactant-associated protein A (SP-A), the major surfactant protein component in pulmonary surfactant (PS), distributes on bronchus or interface of aero-fluid in pulmonary alveolus, is members of collectin family in C-type lectin family. It plays significant functions than other SP proteins, SP-A is able to retain the normal biological function of pulmonary surfactant (PS) and regulate the local immunity and inflammation responses in lung. Studies indicate that the change of SP-A is correlated with mammalian pulmonary disease, SP-A can be marker of the degree of pulmonary disease and attracts attention increasing. In addition, it has gained some success how to treat acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS) with pulmonary surfactant preparation, however, it is lack of SP-A in exogenous PS preparation that limits the curative effect largely. Therefore, it may be a major aspect of PS preparation, which study the express and regulation of SP-A by molecular biology methods and acquire more SP-A products.

Research Progress on Anti-stress Mechanism of HSPs to Livestock and Poultry

XIAO Ding-fu;ZHANG Bin;HU Xiong-gui

2009, 36(4): 58-61.

Abstract ( 1326 )

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Heat shock proteins(HSPs) is a group of specific proteins that produce under stressing, which can let organism quickly adapt to environmental changes. In order to provide reference for exploring anti-stress mechanism of HSPs from molecular level, this paper introduced briefly origin and classification of HSPs, discussed gene structure and regulation mechanism of HSP70, reviewed anti-stress effects and expression of HSPs when livestock and poultry appearing stress response.

Effects of Methylmethionine Sulfonium Chloride on the Histological Structure of Digestive Organs in Rats during Restraint-cold Stress

LUO Min-yi;CHENG Yan-fen;NING Zhang-yong;YU Bo;PAN Jun-bin

2009, 36(4): 62-64.

Abstract ( 1323 )

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To investigate the effects of methylmethionine sulfonium chloride on preventing stress-induced gastric ulcerations in rats, the acute restraint-cold stress model was made to observe the damage changes of digestive organs and the effects of methylmethionine sulfonium chloride on the changes of histological structure. This was used for evaluating the effect of methylmethionine sulfonium chloride on gastric ulceration. The results showed that methylmethionine sulfonium chloride had apparent protective effects against gastric ulceration induced by stress in rats.

Production of Mammary Gland Bioreactor by Gene Targeting and Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer

YUAN Tian-jie; DU Wei-hua; HAO Hai-sheng; ZHU Hua-bin

2009, 36(4): 65-68.

Abstract ( 1439 )

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Although producing mammary gland bioreactor showed great advantage over many years, there are many deficiencies in the existing general approach. The level of transgenic expression was low in transgenic animals and the diversity was more great because of the position effect of transgene and the artificial recombination of the gene elements. But the transgene could be integrated precisely in the chromosome using gene targeting, somatic cell nuclear transfer also shows the great efficiency in saving time and cost, especially refer to the livestock. The superiority, technical challenges, the solution, and the prospects for the combination of gene targeting and nuclear transfer were briefly discussed.

The Establishment and Preliminary Application of Detection Method of Mixed Infection both Classical Swine Fever and Porcine Circovirus Type 2

LI Jin-tao;BI Bao-liang;LIU Xu-chuan;LI Yan-bing;GUI Yi;LI Zuo-sheng;ZHANG Yi-fang

2009, 36(4): 69-72.

Abstract ( 1844 )

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According to the published nucleotide sequence of CSFV and PCV2 in GenBank, one pair of specific primers of nucleotide sequence of CSFV and PCV2 were designed respectively by NCBI/Primer-BLAST and synthesized. The PCR and RT-PCR method to PCV2 and CSFV was established, and 19 clinical samples collected from eight pig farms in Kunming from April to August in 2008 were detected to CSFV and PCV2. The results showed that, four samples from three farms were positive CSFV, the infection rate of positive CSFV was 21.05 percent; two samples from two farms were positive PCV2, the infection rate of positive PCV2 was 10.53 percent. CSFV and PCV2 mixed infection rate was 10.53 percent. The established detection method of mixed infection both CSFV and PCV2 was specific, and can be used for detecting CSFV and PCV2 mixed infection and epidemiological investigation, and can also provided scientific basis for prevention and control of CSFV and PCV2.

Establishment and Application of Fluorescence Quantitative TaqMan-MGB PCR Assay for Pseudorabies Virus

LIU Yuan-yuan;WU Hui;XIAO Xing-long;;JIA Yun;WU Bin;YU Yi-gang

2009, 36(4): 76-79.

Abstract ( 1452 )

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A pair of specific primers and one TaqMan-MGB probe were designed based on gE gene through comparison and analysis, the FQ-PCR method was successfully constructed which could distinguish wild strain and gene-deleted vaccine strain. This method had the characteristic of high specificity to differentiate PRV form other virus. A comparison between FQ-PCR assay and conventional PCR assay were performed with 83 tissue samples, results showed that two methods match well. It indicates that TaqMan-MGB FQ-PCR assay provides a good method to detect PRV.

Cloning and Genome-sequence Analysis of a Goose Paramyxovirus Type

SONG Cui-ping;ZHOU Jian;;WANG Xiao-jiao;CUI Shang-jin

2009, 36(4): 80-85.

Abstract ( 1332 )

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Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to amplify the six major encoding structure protein of an A goose paramyxovirus type I (ZQ042). The cDNAs were then cloned to pMD18-T vector and sequenced. These sequences were compared with paramyxovirus type I home and abroad reported. The results showed that the F gene was comparatively far related with La Sota, rate of homologous was 99.1%, and other genetic homology of the strains was low.

Research Progress on the Application of Microfluidics in Reproduction

SUN Zi-long;;HAN Chao;MA Rui;ZHANG Jian-hai;;〖JZ〗NIU Rui-yan;;CHENG Jing;;WANG Jun-dong;

2009, 36(4): 92-95.

Abstract ( 1923 )

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Microfluidics is the important supporting technology of μTAS and lab-on-a-chip, whose microanalysis and microscale has obtained much more attention. Assisted reproductive technology (ART), as an important part of reproductive medicine, has already been put into practice widely. Owing to the low effectiveness of ART, new technical means are required to put in use. This paper presents a review of the application of microfluidics in reproduction during recent years, including sperm isolation, in vitro fertilization (IVF) and gamete/embryo culture. Microfluidics provides new platform and prospect for ART.

Effect of Different Types of Serum on the Cultured in Vitro of Animal Fibroblasts

WU Hong-mei;LIU Shuai;;BAO A-dong;;LU Tao-feng;LIU Chang-qing;;ZHANG Wen-xiu;GUAN Wei-jun;MA Yue-hui

2009, 36(4): 96-99.

Abstract ( 1440 )

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In order to study the basic effect of different serum on the construction of cell line, fibroblast cells were isolated from 20 seven-day old embryo of short-feet chicken and cultured, passaged and frozen via the method of adhere culture using 2 kind of FBS. The cell number, flask number, morphology and cell growth curve were observed. The results showed that various serum had significant effect on cell culture, and the cell characteristics were better when cultured with serum B than that with serum A. The present study provide the reference to the choice of serum on cell culture.

Influence of Buffalo PBMC Activity by Different Resuspension Methods During Washing Process

HAN Zhong-yan;ZHANG Bao-hong;HUANG Hai-yu;ZHANG Wei-yu;HUANG Wei-yi;ZHONG Heng-lu

2009, 36(4): 100-102.

Abstract ( 1287 )

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The peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PMBC) activity of buffalo was comported by different resuspension methods during washing process.The PBMC was separated by density gradient centrifugation，then cell was resuspended by transferpettor-spirting method ＆ centrifuge tube-sloshing method, when cell was washed three times the activity was evaluated. The cell activity by transferpettor-spirting method ＆ centrifuge tube-sloshing method was（74.9±2.6）% and（98.5±0.5）% respectively, the difference of cell activity was significant(P<0.01). The activity of PBMC was higher by centrifuge tube-sloshing, which could provide an useful method for further study that requiring higher cell activity. 

The Cyclical Variation and Regulation of Hair Follicles and the Study on Cashmere Goat

LIU Zhi-hong;REN Li-ming;GUO Ying;HU Xiao-xiang;CUI Wen-tao;LI Ning;YIN Jun;LI Jin-quan

2009, 36(4): 103-106.

Abstract ( 1364 )

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Hair follicle that is the skin appendage with complicated formation and construction can control the hair growth, and have the characteristic with self-renewal and periodicity growth. The cyclical variation of hair follicle depends on the interaction between follicular epithelial cells with epidermis MES cell, and the anagen begins with hair shaft’ growth from the hair follicle, and the catagen is drove by apoptosis, and hair follicle goes into the telogen. The process is affected by the interaction among a series of signaling molecule, including actuating signal, hair follicle growth maintaining signal, hair follicle growth restraining signal and so on. The primary hair follicle and secondary follicle of cashmere goat appear cyclical variation after born, and the secondary follicle appear seasonal cyclical variation more obviously, because of photoperiod, while the primary hair follicle varies inconspicuous. The cashmere is ramification from secondary follicle, so the yield and quality can be affected by secondary follicle growth. Accordingly, the research about cyclical variation law of hair follicle and molecular regulation mechanism not only can reveal growth law of hair follicle, but also guide the cashmere goat breeding.

The Construction of the Genetic Relationship Between Six Pig Species by AFLP Method

LI Sheng-kang;XIONG Yuan-zhu;DENG Chang-yan

2009, 36(4): 107-110.

Abstract ( 1284 )

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We firstly constructed the analytical system for AFLP in pig, and then, scanned six common pig species by AFLP marker using the selective 10 primer combinations. The genetic distance and the cluster graph were acquired applying 20 individuals which belong to six different pig species, respectively. Some specie-specific DNA fragments had been found, which laid the basis for looking for STS (site-tagged sequences) markers.

Study on the Reproductive Performance of Specialized Dam Line with High Farrowing Rate of Shanxi White Pig

CAO Guo-qing;XUE Shang-jun;YANG Wen-ping;SHI Jian-zhong; LIU Jian-hua;LI Bu-gao;ZHOU Zhong-xiao

2009, 36(4): 111-113.

Abstract ( 2071 )

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The specialized dam line with high farrowing rate of Shanxi White pig is a synthetic line produced by crossing Mashen pig, Taihu pig (female parents) with Landrace (male parent) and selecting by means of combining the marker assisted selection with systematic breeding from generation to generation for seven years. The reproductive performance of sows from the fourth generation was better than those of sows from any other generations on the basis of the analysis results on reproductive performance for sows from all generations. Total number born, number born alive and litter size at weaning on 28 days at first parity of sows from the fourth generation were 10.64, 9.85 and 9.36 of piglets, respectively, and with the weaning rate of 95.03%. The average body weight at birth and 28-day litter weight at weaning of this generation were 1.42 kg and 62.36 kg, respectively. Comparing to the reproductive performance of the base population, the significant improvements for reproductive traits with the exception of number born alive of this dam line have been obtained by the successive selection for generations. The body weight uniformity of piglets at birth and weaning was improved as well with the systematic breeding for generations. This line is an excellent dam line in pig production due to its good reproductive performance.

Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Application

LV Chun-rong;;YE Shao-hui;MA Yue-hui;;GU En-yan;;GUAN Wei- jun

2009, 36(4): 114-118.

Abstract ( 1278 )

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Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with capacities of multi-differentiation and anti-immune rejection have been widely used in medicine research. This paper summarized the biological characteristics， separate cell culture， appraisal， and application of MSCs.

Detection of Four Sheep Breeds Callipyge Genotype

MENG Xiang-ren;MA Yue-hui;GUAN Wei-jun;ZHAO Qian-jun;GUO Jun;HE Xiao-hong;PU Ya-bin

2009, 36(4): 119-121.

Abstract ( 1360 )

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The buttocks muscle can be increased about 30% by Callipyge (CLPG), resulting from an apparent A→G mutation in 32.8 kb upstream of GTL2 in the ovine chromosome 18. The mutation polymorphism is referred to as SNP CLPG, which was later shown to be the only difference between the callipyge and wild-type chromosome. The objective of the research is to select carriers of the callipyge gene by the molecular biological techniques, which is the basis of selection of the excellent meat traits. The SNPs were detected by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphisms (PCR-RFLP) with one pairs of primers in genome of Dorset sheep, Texel sheep, Charolais sheep and Merino sheep. A→G substitution was found and one special products (493 bp) were amplified.

The Application of the MTT to Estimate the Effect on Cell Growth by Using the Different Bovine Serum

ZHANG Bao-hong;ZHONG Heng-lu;LU Hui-fang;ZHANG Wei-yu;LIN Ying;HAN Zhong-yan;HUANG Hai-yu

2009, 36(4): 119-121.

Abstract ( 1271 )

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The preference of serum is very significant during the cell culture. The experiment used the commercial serum, self-made newborn bovine serum and self-made adult bovine serum to culture mechanocyte, myeloma cell and hybridoma cell and then applied the MTT to verify the cell growth better or worse, so that we can evaluate the quality of the serum. The results demonstrated that self-made newborn bovine serum was the best for cell growth, (the relative growth rate of every above cells exceed 0.96)， the three experimental data showed the result was not different (P>0.05), so the self-made newborn bovine serum was more stable. However the self-made adult bovine serum and no serum comparison had not the significant effect to promote the cell growth. So the MTT could estimate the quality of the serum.

The Biological Characteristics and Application in Animal Reproduction Field of EPF

QUAN Kai;;ZHANG Gai-ping

2009, 36(4): 122-124.

Abstract ( 1398 )

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Early pregnancy factor (EPF) was first found in the serum of pregnant rats, is one kind pregnancy-associated protein which exists in the pregnancy mammal blood serum and has immunosuppressive and growth regulation effect. The EPF amino acid sequence including 102 amino acid residues, with the chaperonin l0 homology, is the extracellular effects of Cpn10, which temperature and pH value tolerance is strong, and don’t has animals and species-specific. Its biology characteristic mainly manifests in the suppression immunity and the growth adjusts. Firstly, EPF can inhibit the mother’s immune response to prevent sperm, embryos from immune rejection, and is also the most early confirms one of pregnancy biochemistry symbols at present. Secondly, EPF can promote tumor cell growth as well as promote burns, ulcers, such as wound healing. Since the EPF can enhance anti-lymphocyte serum inhibited T cell rosette formation, therefore, the rosette inhibition test is the classic method of detecting EPF activity. EPF can be used in animal reproduction domain to diagnose animal’s early time, super early pregnancy, pregnancy interrupt examination, the survival state after embryo transfer, has an important value in the evaluation of male fertility and reproduction and the treatment of diseases.

Immunohistochemical Localization of FSHR and LHR on Porcine Uterus

LIANG Hong-yan;; ZHOU Xu; LI Chun-jin; SUN Bo-xing

2009, 36(4): 125-128.

Abstract ( 1250 )

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To study the distribution and localization of FSHR and LHR in the porcine uterus. The localization of FSHR and LHR in uterus during the follicular phase and the luteal phase were determined by immunohistochemical ABC techniques. The results showed that FSHR-immunoreactive substance was mainly distributed in endometrial epithelial cell and vascular smooth muscle cell. LHR-immunoreactive substance was mainly distributed in endometrial epithelial cell, myometrial smooth muscle cell and vascular smooth muscle cell. The expression of FSHR and LHR is dependent on the stage of the estrus cycle. The expression of FSHR in endometrial epithelial cell is higher during the follicular phase than that during the luteal phase, but is lower for the expression of FSHR in vascular smooth muscle cell than that during the luteal phase. The expression of LHR in vascular smooth muscle cell is higher during the follicular phase than that during the luteal phase, but the expression of LHR in endometrial epithelial cell and myometrial smooth muscle cell are all lower than those during the luteal phase.

The Effect of Fat on Dry Matter Intake and Rumenal Digestion

WANG Jian-ping;;WANG Jia-qi;LI Fa-di;BU Deng-pan;HUO Xiao-kai;;GUO Tong-jun;;WEI Hong-yang;ZHOU Ling-yun 

2009, 36(4): 129-133.

Abstract ( 1477 )

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As the knowledge of fat function in nutrition and physiology field being learned, some fat production was fed with high milk yield dairy cow. The experimental data showed it can affect of dry matter intake and rumenal digestive to feed fat with dairy cattle. This article reviewed the metabolize of fat in rumen, the effect of fat on intake and rumenal digestive fatty acid, dry matter, carbohydrate, fibre and protein.

Investigation on Prevalence of Intestinal Parasites in Racoon Dog (Nyctereutes Procyonoides)

SHI Ke;DUAN Zhang-xiu;QI Meng;REN Xu-peng;ZHANG Long-xian;JIAN Fu-chun;NING Chang-shen

2009, 36(4): 140-142.

Abstract ( 1392 )

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In order to understand the prevalence of intestinal parasites in Racoon dog, 232 feces samples of cage raccoon dogs of Nan Yang were detected by Logo’s iodine stain, sugar flotation technique and acid-fast staining. The results showed that 75 samples were positive, the average infection rate was 30.17%.The infection rate of Giardia was 6.47%,Cryptosporidium sp. was 0.86%,Coccidi was 5.17%, Strongylid was 15.95%, hookworm was 3.88%,respectively. This survey has provided the reference to prevent and treat raccoon dog’s intestinal parasitic disease.

Studies on Preparation and Immune Efficacy of H7 Subtype Avian Influenza Virus Inactivated Vaccine

SHI Hui;;LIAO Ming;LUO Kai-jian;REN Tao;ZHANG Gui-hong

2009, 36(4): 154-156.

Abstract ( 1693 )

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The H7N3 strain of avian influenza virus (AIV) was inoculated into chicken embryo, collected 72 h embryo fulid, after which it was inactivated and made into oil adjuvant vaccine.The antigen, physical characteristic, safety,efficacy, dosage were tested, according to the requirement of new biological product. Results showed the inactived vaccine was safe; its physical characterization was also fit for the requirement of the oil-adjuvant vaccine. 6 weeks later, the HI antibody rose to 29.4.The all vaccined poultry acquired protection challenged with AIV-H7N3 strain when HI antibody rose to 25, and the best immue dosage was 0.5 mL for each chick.The above results suggest that the vaccine can be used to prevent the epidemic of AIV-H7N3.

Isolatwon and Identification of Newcastk Disease Virus and Estabishment of Resource platform in Shandong Provinc

SUN Jian;SHAN Hu

2009, 36(4): 157-160.

Abstract ( 1315 )

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This study collected virus samples according to the distributing of poultry feeding and report news of newcastle disease in Shandong province. Biologic characters of NDV were identified by HA-HI, MDT, ICPI, electron microscope, and RT-PCR after virus samples were cultured. Sixty viruses were separated successfully, described standardizing according to the demand of veterinary resource platform, and submitted to the database of Chinese veterinary resource platform. Therefore, the resource platform of Newcastle disease virus in Shandong province was achieved.

Isolation, Identification and Drug Sensitive Test of Haemophilus Parasuis Jiangxi Strain

FANG Quan-ming;HUANG Jian-zhen;HUANG Dong-yan

2009, 36(4): 161-163.

Abstract ( 1735 )

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From Pengze county in Jiangxi province, 4 strains of Haemophilus parasuis were isolated from swines which were characterized by a fibrinous polyserositis, based on morphologic characteristics, cultural characteristics and biochemical characteristics of Haemophilus parasuis. According to the sequence of bacterial 16S rRNA, a PCR test to diagnose Haemophilus parasuis was developed, and it was used to identify the isolates. The results suggested that the isolates were Haemophilus parasuis. The mice virulence and drug sensitive tests showed that the strains were lethal to mice, sensitive to cefazolin, cefoperazone, chlormycetin and resistive to chemitrim, penicillin.

The Investigation and Therapeutic Efficacy Analysis of Parasite Infection on Birds in Zoo

QI Meng;WANG Qiang;HUANG Lei;JIAN Fu-chun;ZHANG Long-xian;NING Chang-shen

2009, 36(4): 165-167.

Abstract ( 1195 )

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Intestinal parasites infection of birds in Zhengzhou zoo was surveyed by using the centrifugation and Sheather’s sugar flotation. 110 feces samples from 62 kind of birds were examined and the total infection rate was 20%. Two intestinal parasite species were discovered，Coccidia，Capillaria and the infection rate were 18.08% and 3.64%，respectively.The analysis of data indicated that the infection rates of parasites reduced by 40.31% compared with 2004，and the infection intensity decreased obviously；and the infection status was basically similar to 2006 and 2007. It suggested that monitoring should be taken for long-term. Above all offered reference and basis for the zoo to take correlative measures on prevention and treatment of parasitic diseases.

Bioactive Components in Eggs and their Potential Applications

LIU Chen;CHEN Ji-lan

2009, 36(4): 186-190.

Abstract ( 2068 )

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Eggs as a main source of energy and nutrients, contains a variety of bioactive substances. Thanks to the advances in biotechnology, especially the research of egg bioreactor, the composition and underlying functions of these components are being identified. Moreover, they are increasingly applied to medicine, food, chemistry or biological products industry. Hence, it is the high time to recognize, define and utilize them and their biological properties in a more profound way to improve the product value of further processed eggs. This review will focus on the latest progress and future prospect of this field.

Muscle Fiber Types and Porcine Meat Quality

GAO Ru-song;GHENG Zhi-bin;YANG Zheng-hua

2009, 36(4): 191-195.

Abstract ( 1768 )

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Different varieties of pigs muscle histology staining the difference between,as well as the different methods under the condition of muscle fiber types of metabolism and contraction characteristics.Using histological method,the results of the different subtypes of muscle fiber,with the result that different test reported that the different muscle fiber types and pork quality of the relationship between lack of contact.Moreover,a relationship was established between the expression of MyoD gene genotypes and different muscle fibre types in pigs.

he Research Development of Animal Aggressive Behavior

ZHANG Jin-cheng;HAN Guang;LIAO He-rong

2009, 36(4): 196-200.

Abstract ( 1269 )

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Under the natural environment, between the identical populations animal individual will have the aggressive behavior frequently. With the research discovery of behavioral genetics indicated that aggressive behavior is a complex processes controlled many interactive factors. The heredity has the independent function to the animal aggressive behavior and there were interactions between genetic factors or genotype and environment. This article mainly makes a summary on heredity and environment’s influence on animal aggressive behavior.

Study of Manganese on Protein Oxidative Damage of Kidney in Chicken

GU Xi-juan;ZHANG Li-ming;CAO Yan-tao;LIN Hong-jin

2009, 36(4): 201-202.

Abstract ( 1316 )

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In order to explore the oxidative damage effect and the molecule mechanism of manganese on kidney protein of chicken. 500, 800, 1700 mg/kg MnCl2 were added to the forage to establish the model of the sub-chronic manganese poisoning. 2,4-dinitropheny hydrazine was used to detect the protein carbonyl content to evaluate the degree of protein oxidative damage. The results showed that the protein carbonyl content of kidney increased in each poisoned group compared with control group, and there was a time-dose relationship. Therefore， it is demonstrated that manganese could increase the protein carbonyl content, and induce oxidative damage.

Study on the Developmental Morphology of the Oesophagus of Parental Stock of Gushi Chickens

LI Chao;KANG Xiang-tao;BAI Xiao-hui;XIAO Chuan-bin

2009, 36(4): 203-205.

Abstract ( 1378 )

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The developmental morphology of the oesophagus of the parental stock of Gushi chickens in 0-25-week was studied by the technique of gross anatomy and histologic section. Results showed that the curvilinear of the length and weight of oesophagus was rising. The ratio about length-body weight and weight-body weight of oesophagus was falling. The curvilinear of lengthwise path of oesophageal gland was rising. The law about the amount of oesophageal gland was not clear.

Effect of FSH on Superovulation of Down-bearing Goats Stimulated

XIAO Xi-shan;QI Jun-zhe;HOU Yin-xu;FU Jing-tao;JIA Yu-zhu;LIU jin-quan

2009, 36(4): 206-207.

Abstract ( 1423 )

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38 down-bearing goats were stimulated to superovulate with FSH produced from three factories, and the results showed that the best FSH was from Ningbo hormone factory, acording to the amount of obtained embryos and available embryos. Thereby, FSH from native factories such as Ningbo hormone factory was preferred to use in the process of embryo-transfer of down-bearing goats, for which not only could stimulate goats to ovulate enough but also was cheaper. In conclusion, the use of native FSH could make embryo-transfer technique apply to goats-breeding industry better.

Study on Utilization of Brahman and its Hybrid Vigor

YANG Guo-rong;FU Mei-fen;WANG An-kui;YANG Shi-ping;YUAN Xi-ping;WEN Ji-kun;HUANG Bi-zhi

2009, 36(4): 208-210.

Abstract ( 1486 )

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Analyses of pure Brahman and its hybrid between Brahman crossbreds and its productivity performance and Brahman introduced from abroad. The results showed that the Brahman was the suitable bred to raising in tropical and sub-tropical zone and the Brahman crossbreds were performed the better hybrid vigor as the growth, fertility and beef produce, its worth while to popularize.

2009, 36(4): 211-213.

Abstract ( 1695 )

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