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Table of Content

20 June 2009, Volume 36 Issue 6
动物营养与饲料科学
Effect of Different CP/DE on Growth Performance and Feed Efficiency of Chinese Holstein Calves
ZHANG Wei-bing;DIAO Qi-yu;ZHANG Nai-feng;WANG Guang-wen;YUAN Yao-ming
2009, 36(6):  5-9. 
Abstract ( 1614 )  
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This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different ratios of dietary CP to digestible energy (CP∶DE) on growth performance and feed efficiency of 3 to 5 months Chinese Holstein calves. Thirty weaned completely Chinese Holstein calves at 70 d were divided into 3 groups in a randomized complete block design,(labeled as groups A,B and C) and randomly assigned to one of three treatment rations that the CP∶DE ratios were 50.0,52.0 and 54.9 g of CP per Mcal DE,respectively. Treatment rations imposed for 90 d and the quantity of treatment ration offered to each calf was adjusted per 10 days to allow approximately 0.80 kg/d gain. Average daily gain(ADG) did not differ between the treatment rations 0.83,0.80,0.81 kg/d, low to highest CP∶DE ratio, respectively. Feed efficiency improved linearly with increasing CP∶DE ratios, 4.29,4.24,3.96 kg/d, respectively but were not significantly difference. A trend toward linear increases in the apparent digestibility of DM and CP with increasing CP∶DE ratios and a trend toward linear decreases in the apparent digestibility of DM and OM. After the third months, the apparent digestibility of P went steadily. The levels of plasma urea N increased with increasing CP∶DE ratios. Considered linear effects in feed efficiency,and change of ADG and nutrient apparent digestibility et,al. In this experiment, the diet of CP∶DE ratios was 50.0∶1 could meet needs of the 3~5 months China Holstein calves gaining 0.80 kg/d.
Effects of Soybean Trypsin Inhibitors on Nitrogen Balance and Apparent Digestibility of Feed Nutrients in Rex Rabbits
ZHANG Jian-yun;WANG Zhi-xiang;MA Qiu-gang;YI Zhong-hua;GUAN Shu;JI Cheng
2009, 36(6):  10-13. 
Abstract ( 1505 )  
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A four-day digestive trial was conducted at the 63±4 days of weaned rex rabbits . Twenty weaned rex rabbits were selected from the five groups with 4 of each group (two males and two females and average body weight 1150.5 g±124.0 g). Five treatments of dietary were provided with isoenergy and isonitrogen of 25% raw soybean(RSB), 25% processed soybean by chemical inactivator, 25% processed soybean by heating, 25% soybean meal and 13% raw soybean + 12% soybean meal respectively. Feces and urine were collected totally and feed intakes were recorded.The results indicated that 25% RSB group has significantly declined apparent nitrogen digestibility (P<0.05) and significantly increased fecal nitrogen content (P<0.05). It had no effect on nitrogen in urine. There was no significant difference among groups of processed soybeans by chemical inactivator and heating and 13% raw soybean in fecal nitrogen, nitrogen digestibility. There is no difference in apparent digestibility of dietary dry matter, organic matter, nitrogen-free extract, ether extract and crude fiber among five groups (P>0.05). 
The Effect of Different Concentration Extract of Plant Supplementation in Diets on the Growth Performance and Immune Function in Broilers
ZHUO Mei;GUO Yu-ming;ZHAO Xiao-gang;DU Jing;TANG Zhi-gao
2009, 36(6):  14-18. 
Abstract ( 1432 )  
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The trial was conducted with 250 broilers to study the effects of different dietary concentrations of plant extract preparation on the immune function and growth performance compared to the aureomycin. The results showed that the plant extract tended to improve the growth performance, survival rate and feed conversion efficiency in broilers. The plant extract improved the lymphocyte transformation, phagocytic activity of the macrophages, humoral immune response and cellular immune response. Supplemental plant extract at 500 g/t of diets had better influence on immune response than aureomycin.
Effects of Dietary Flavonoids on the Performance, Egg Quality and Serum Biochemical Property in Layers
XU He-jin;;ZHANG Jun-min;WANG Xiu-qi;ZHAO Qing-yu
2009, 36(6):  19-22. 
Abstract ( 1278 )  
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The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary flavonoids on the performance, egg quality,The results showed that there was no significant difference in average egg weight and average daily feed intake among the treatments (P>0.05), but PF had tendencies to increase egg production, decrease eggshell broken rate and improve feed efficiency. Yalk cholesterol content was decreased significantly with the addition of PF and DA, to some different extent, PF could decrease yolk MDA level after storage periods of 7 and 14. Dietary DA and PF increased significantly HDL level, decrease TC and TG level at 8th week in serum. 30 mg/kg PF group increased significantly serum insulin level. DA and PF increased significantly T (4, 8 weeks old) and B (8 weeks old) lymphocyte proliferation.

Affects Nicotinic Acid and Different Levels of Folic Acid on Broiler Production
CHOU Wu-jiang;GE Wen-xia;MU Sha-jiang· Wubuli
2009, 36(6):  23-26. 
Abstract ( 1252 )  
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7 treatments were set in this experiment, and each containing 3 repeats, each repeat was composed of 10 broilers. Treatment Ⅰ was control group, without folic acid and nicotinic acid. Treatment Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳsupplemented folic acid 0.75, 1.5, 3.0 mg/kg respectively, and treatment Ⅴ,Ⅶ,Ⅵ were supplemented nicotinic acid 60 and 0.75, 1.5, 3.0 mg/kg respectively.At the 21-old-day, calculating the feed conversion rate by feed intake and average daily gain. The results showed that it could improve the day feed intake and the average daily gain, and reduce the ratio of diet to meat of broilers in diets supplied the different levels of folic acid significantly (P<0.05). It could very significantly improved the average daily gains of broilers by supplied the different levels of folic acid and 60 mg/kg nicotinic acid (P<0.01).
Effect of Differential Fat Sources on Liver Production and Blood Biochemical Indices of Landes Geese
ZHOU Shu-shi;NIU Shu-ling;ZHANG Jing;LIAN Chuan-jiang;ZHU Tong;SUN Liang;XING Shen-yang;SONG Guang-wen;ZHANG Zi-chang;ZHANG Bin
2009, 36(6):  27-29. 
Abstract ( 1322 )  
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This research adopted the experimental design method of the single factor, randomly deviding 450 ten-week Landes geese into 3 groups, which were raised well in the same batch with similar weight. The first group was control group, others were testing group(each of them contained 50 geese with 3 repetitions). In addition to overfeed, 2% of goose oil(group 1), 2% of bean oil(group 2) and 2% of corn oil(group 3) were added into. The effect of differential fat sources on liver production and blood biochemical indices of Landes geese was investigated after three weeks of overfeed. The results of the test were as follows,the liver weight and the liver weight/body weight of the group 1 and group 2, group 3 were significantly increaseed(P<0.05),but group 2 and group 3 were not significant (P>0.05);the feed intake/liver weight of group 2 and group 3 were lower than group 1,but the difference were not significant(P>0.05). The effect of differential fat sources on TG,CHOL,HDL and LDL of the Landes’blood were not significant. After force-feeding, the concentration increased 2 to 4 times than before force-feeding.The concentration of LDL,TG and CHOL increased significantly,but every group was keeping stable.
生理生化
Effect of Baicalin and Forsythiaside on the Excretion of IFN-α and IFN-γ in Pulmonary Microvascular Endothelial Cells
LIN Hong;HU Ge;YI Peng-fei;JIANG Xiao-lin;MU Xiang
2009, 36(6):  30-33. 
Abstract ( 806 )  
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To study the effect of baicalin and forsythiaside to induce rat pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells to express IFN-α and IFN-γ, the model was based on cultured PMVECs in vitro. With the method of ELISA, we detected the secretory volume of IFN-α and IFN-γ after PMVECs was induced by baicalin and forsythiaside at different concentration and time. The results indicated that PMVECs produced the most IFN-α and IFN-γ after induced 24 h by baicalin at 10 μg/mL, while forsythiaside was 20 μg/mL at 12 h and 5 μg/mL at 24 h, respectively. The result provided references for screening Chinese herbal medicinal constituents that could induce PMVECs to express IFN, and laid the foundation to further study the anti-virus mechanism of medicinal constituents.
Comparison of Different Adjuvant Inactive Vaccines for Hemagglutinating Encephalomyelitis Virus Immunizing BALB/c Mice
CHEN Ke-yan;HE Wen-qi;LU Hui-junZHAO Kui;ZHAO Chuan-bo;ZENG Fan-qin;GAO Feng
2009, 36(6):  34-37. 
Abstract ( 1362 )  
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The BALB/c mice were immunized with HEV inactive vaccines of two kinds of adjuvant, Al(OH)3 assistant inactive vaccine and propolis assistant inactive vaccine. The serum samples from mice were monitored with hemagglutination inhibition(HI)test. Comparison of different adjuvant effect was analyzed according to antibody titer of mice. The results showed that Al(OH)3 assistant inactive vaccine stimulated early immune response and produced a continuous and high level antibody. The vaccine candidacy of HEV inactivated vaccine with Al(OH)3 adjuvant was proposed.
The Study of Antibacterial Activity of Cefquinome to Clinical Bacteria
MA Quan-chao;GU Xin;ZHANG Ke-yu;JIN Ling-yan;XUE Fei-qun
2009, 36(6):  38-41. 
Abstract ( 1587 )  
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To evaluate antibacterial activity of Cefquinome against some pathogenic bacteria isolated from Shanghai in vitro, using the microdilution to the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of Cefquinome against four pathogenic bacteria from Shanghai several animal farms is determined by the microdilution and calculate the MIC50, MIC90,and the time killing curve. The MIC50 and MIC90 of Cefquinome against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococci, Salmonella and E.coli. Staphylococcus aureus 0.063, 0.125 μg/mL,Streptococci0.063, 0.125 μg/mL, Salmonella 0.032, 0.125 μg/mL, E. coil 0.125, 0.25 μg/mL. Cefquinome has a low concentration to quickly bacteriostasis and bactericidal activity to Staphylococcus aureus, E.coli, Streptococci, and Salmonella.It can kill all clinical bacteria at one MIC or two MIC in 24 hours. Cefquinome has powerful bacteriostasis and bactericidal activity to clinical bacteria above.
Effects of Chondroitin Sulfate on IFN-γ Release of Rat Myocardial Microvascular Endothelial Cells in vitro
XU Ju;ZHANG Tao;LV Juan;TIAN Li-fang;HU Ge;MU Xiang;JIANG Wen-can
2009, 36(6):  42-44. 
Abstract ( 1387 )  
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To study whether chondroitin sulfate (CS) could induce rat myocardial microvascular endothelial cells (RMMVECs) in vitro to secrete IFN-γ. Using double antibody sandwich ELISA to detect the level of IFN-γ produced by RMMVECs stimulated with CS in cell supernatant liquid.The level of IFN-γ produced by RMMVECs stimulated with CS in cell supernatant liquid was increased dramatically, and got the maximum at 24 h. CS could induce rat microvascular endothelial cells to secrete IFN-γ.
Study Progress of MBL Gene in Livestock Breeding for Disease Resistance
LIU Mei;ZHAO Zhong-li;ZHONG Ji-feng;WANG Chang-fa
2009, 36(6):  45-48. 
Abstract ( 1327 )  
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Disease is the major factor that affects livestock production. Although the traditional methods of disease control played an important role in disease prevention and treatment, as the development of molecular biology and genetic engineering technology, to improve the disease resistance and health of livestock has become an important way to increase the production level through genetics and breeding technology together with analyzing the marker allele frequency differences of the candidate gene in resistance and susceptibility groups. Mannan-binding lectin (MBL) is the main ingredient to constitute human and animal serum complement lectin and plays an important role in the innate immune. This article outlines the distribution, structure and functions features of MBL, introduces the relationship between the MBL gene and diseases resistance, and prospects the potential application that MBL is used as genetic marker for livestock breeding for disease resistance. MBL is expected as a genetic marker that can produce high disease-resistant livestock varieties by marker-assisted selection to carry out the breeding for disease resistance.
Phospholipid Hydroperoxide Glutathione Peroxidase
WANG Qian;ZHANG Chun-xiang;YUE Wen-bin;REN You-she
2009, 36(6):  49-51. 
Abstract ( 1463 )  
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Phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (PHGPx) is a unique member of the selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidases in mammals with multifunctional function. It acts as a reducing enzyme of peroxidized phospholipids and thiols and as a structural protein; it plays a pivotal role in apoptosis. The progresses of the function, molecular characteristic, tissue expression and regulation of expression were previewed in the article.
生物技术
Cloning and Prokaryotic Expression of OmpK Gene of Vibrio mimicus
LI Yan-dong;LI Fei;LU Shi-ying;REN Hong-lin;ZHOU Yu;ZHU Yuan-yin;GONG Bin-bin;LIU Zeng-shan
2009, 36(6):  52-55. 
Abstract ( 1289 )  
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A target of common antigen, OmpK (outer membrane protein K), is the receptor for KVP40 which is abroad-host-rang Vibriophage. To investigate the possibility of OmpK as species antigen, primers were designed according to OmpK gene sequence published in GenBank, and a piece of DNA sequence 801 bp was amplified by PCR from genomic DNA of Vibrio mimicus. The OmpK gene of Vibrio mimicus was cloned with 801 nucleotides encoding 267 amino acids. The OmpK gene was expressed in Escherichia coli induced by IPTG. The molecular weight of recombinant protein was about 28 ku.
The Study of Recovered Infectious Classical Swine Fever Virus from Full-length cDNA Clone
FAN Yun-feng;ZHAO Qi-zu;ZHAO Yun;ZOU Xing-qi;ZHANG Zhong-qiu;WANG Qin;NING Yi-bao
2009, 36(6):  56-60. 
Abstract ( 1253 )  
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The viral RNA was synthesized in vitro with T7 RNA polymerase using recombinant plasmid pAC/F101/T1-7 as a model, which contained the complete genome of CSFV Thiverval strain, and transfected into PK-15 and BHK-21 cells. After the cell passage, RT-PCR detection and immunoperoxidase monolayer assay with E2 monoclonal antibody, the results indicated that the virus had been rescued successfully from the Thiverval strain full-length cDNA clone in two cells. At the same time, through the comparison of transfected efficiency of PK-15 and BHK-21 cells, the new method of CSFV virus rescue was established that using the high thansfected efficiency cells as transfection and porcine kidney cells as multiplication. This method highly enhanced efficiency of CSFV virus rescue.
Study on the Activity of Sheep High-sulfur Keratin Promoter
LUO Fang;WANG Chun-sheng;LIU Xin;AN Tie-zhu
2009, 36(6):  61-64. 
Abstract ( 1368 )  
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The keratin is main structure albumen of the wool, which is the most important part of skin and hair. In order to detect the activity of high-sulfur keratin in sheep hair follicle, our experiment regarded the genomic DNA from the sheep as the template, through molecular biologic methods to clone the sheep high-sulfur keratin promoter B2C, then inserted it into pAcGFP1-N1 plasmid which had been excised the CMV promoter. After PCR identifying, eukaryotic expression vector was constructed. Sheep fibroblast and zona pellucida removal mouse embryos(4 cells) were transfected with the vector by cationic liposome method. After 48 hours transfection, under the excitation of blue light, green fluorescence could be seen nearby the nucleolus first. As time went, the fluorescence of nucleolus became dim, and the fluorescence in the cytoplasm became brighter gradually. After mouse embryos were transfected with the vector which had virus promoter CMV, GFP could be found in mouse embryos, but GFP could be seen in mouse embryos transfected with the vector which had virus promoter B2C. The results indicated that sheep high-sulfur keratin promoter B2C could start GFP expression in sheep fibroblasts and inactive in mouse embryos.
遗传繁育
Research Progress on Intestinal Epithelial Specific Transcription Factor CDX2
FENG You;WANG Xiu-qi;JIANG Qing-yan
2009, 36(6):  65-68. 
Abstract ( 1290 )  
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CDX2 is a recently found nuclear transcription factor, which is specifically expressed in intestinal cells.CDX2 is involved in the regulation of intestine specific genes, it plays a significant role in the differentiation, proliferation in the intestinal epithelium cells. This article reviews the previous studies of CDX2.
cDNA Clone of Antimicrobial Peptide from the Reproductive Tract of Ovis aries and Construction of its Eukaryotic Expression Vector
KU Chao-feng;WANG Xin-hua;BO Xin-wen;ZHANG Hui;LV Ting-de;LI Na;
2009, 36(6):  69-72. 
Abstract ( 1318 )  
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ORTAP40 is an antimicrobial peptide which is isolated from the reproductive tract of Ovis aries Chinese Merino. It plays a central role in the early innate immune defense against infection. In this study, we cloned the 3′ end full-length cDNA of ORTAP40 from reproductive tract of Ovis aries, using rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) and N-terminus amino acids sequence(FJ514476). The observed cDNA structure indicated that ORTAP40 theoretical average molecular weight for the peptide of 40 amino acid residues is 4.8 ku in agreement with reported. A mature peptide gene was synthesized according to the amino acid sequence of ORTAP40 and the biased codon usage of Pichia pastoris, the gene was 120 bp in length and was inserted into Pichia pastoris expression vector pPIC3.5K, pPICZαA by gene recombination and constructed expression plasmid pPIC3.5K-ORTAP40 and pPICZαA-ORTAP40.
Microsatellite Analysis of the Genetic Polymorphism in 13 Sheep Breeds and 1 Hybrid Group in Xinjiang
TANG Cun-wei;XING Wei-ting;SHI Liang;YU Xiong;LIU Wu-jun;HUANG Xi-xia;JUE Ken;YANG Xiao-zhong
2009, 36(6):  73-78. 
Abstract ( 1313 )  
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The genetic polymorphism of 7 microsatellites in 13 sheep breeds and 1 hybrid group in Xinjiang was determinated. Number of alleles, average effective number of alleles (E) of each breeds were counted. According to alleles frequencies of 7 microsatellites, polymorphism information content (PIC),mean heterozygosity (H) and genetic distances were calculated for each breeds. The dendrograms were obtained based on genetic distances. The results showed that 7 microsatellite loci were high polymorphic, so the 7 microsatellite loci were effective markers for analysis of genetic relationship among sheep breeds. The phylogenetic relationship between different sheep breeds was in accord with their resource, breeding history and localities.
RT-PCR Detecting Expression of Ghrelin in the Antral Follicles of Sheep Ovary
Siqingaowa;DU Chen-guang
2009, 36(6):  79-81. 
Abstract ( 1252 )  
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The possibility of Ghrelin expressed in antral follicles of sheep ovary was investigated in this study, Ghrelin protein was detected in cumulus cells (CCs) and granulosa cells (GCs). Relative real-time reverse-transciptase (RT)-PCR experiments confirmed that the Ghrelin mRNA levels did not show significantly difference. The persistent presence of the Ghrelin signaling system within antral follicles, including oocytes, CCs and GCs, revealed the possibility of a potential regulatory role of this novel molecule during oocyte maturation and embryonic development.
Polymorphisms of Porcine ESR Gene in Different Breeds with PCR-RFLP Method
CAO Jing-jing;CAI Jia-jia;HUANG Xiao-guo;HE Xiao-liang;BAO Wen-bin;WU Sheng-long
2009, 36(6):  82-84. 
Abstract ( 1285 )  
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PvuⅡ polymorphisms of ESR gene were analyzed in nine native and exotic pig breeds including Duroc, Yorkshire, Landrace, Pietrain, Meishan, Erhualian, Fengjing, Rongchang and Sutai pigs with PCR-RFLP method. The results showed that AA, AB, BB genotypes were detected in Yorkshire pigs, Erhualian pigs, Fengjing pigs and Sutai pigs, while only AB and BB genotypes were found in Duroc pigs and Pietrain pigs, only AB genotypes were detected in Landrace pigs, Meishan pigs and Rongchang pigs. There was a significant difference in gene frequencies and genotype distribution among different breeds. The allele A was dominant allele in domestic pig breeds while the allele B was dominant allele in native pig breeds.
The Application Prospect of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in Animal Husbandry Production
XUE Yi-jie;YIN Hui-qun;ZHANG Wei-qin;CHEN Tao;CAO Hong-guo;DING Jian-ping
2009, 36(6):  85-89. 
Abstract ( 1256 )  
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Research of induced pluripotent stem cells is very hot in the field of biotechnology. If induced pluripotent stem cells of livestocks are successfully induced and combined with transgenic technology and cell nuclear transfer technology, there will be huge scientific and practical values in the area of transgenic breeding and transgenic bioreactor of livestock’s genetic breeding. Here discussed the research situation, biological characteristics and prospects of iPS cells and studied the key issues which needed to be solved.
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Analysis of IFN-γ Gene in Pigs
WANG Da-li;LIU Chang;WANG Xiu-na;HUANG Da-peng;SUN Bo-xing;ZHAO Zhi-hui
2009, 36(6):  90-94. 
Abstract ( 1343 )  
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Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) plays an important role in the innate host defense against viral infection. In order to analyze the value that the IFN-γ gene act as a genetic marker in porcine disease resistance, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the whole region of the IFN-γ gene were studied by use of PCR-SSCP approach in 481 pigs from the “Junmu No. 1” White, Landrace, Duroc pigs. Three SNP sites were detected: T825C in Intron 1, T2730C in Intron 3 and G5301A in Extron 4. Except for the absence of G5301A in Duroc pigs, all the other sites in the all populations were in a state of Hardy-Weinberg equlibrium.The PIC of every sites had low polymorphisms(<0.25), which represented the own unique conservativeness of IFN-γ gene in pigs.
Relations on FSH β Subunit Gene Polymorphism and Breeding Performance of Animals
WANG Huai-yu
2009, 36(6):  95-98. 
Abstract ( 1224 )  
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Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) is one of important pituitary hormone, by which regulating animal breeding activities. A large number of research results show that it is a significant relation between FSHβ subunit gene polymorphism and animal breeding performance, with the focus on porcine reproductive traits of molecular marker-related research, the study found that FSHβ subunit gene on the pig litter size have a significant impact. As a result, research mutation of FSHβ subunit gene function domain on its albumen function, and mammal breeding performance effect, in order to increase productive level, it has important theory and practice significance.
Preliminary Study of Biological Property of MKR Mice
YU Wang-yi;LIU Le-ping;MENG Qiong;YU Rong
2009, 36(6):  99-100. 
Abstract ( 1264 )  
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To develop a diabetic mouse model to determine the data of biological property in MKR mice, a model in which expression of a dominant-negative IGF-I receptor in the skeletal muscle leads to systemic insulin resistance and diabetes, so as to provide a platform for researches about the type 2 diabetes.MKR mice were received from the National Institutes of Health, USA, and propagated naturally. These mice were followed up for body weight,blood glucose level,faculty of memory,fatigue-resistant,oxygen-deficiency-enduring and experiment of anaesthesia tolerance, using wild-type Kunming mice or C57BL/6J mice as controls. Results showed that these mice were hyperglycemia from 3 weeks of age onward and the body weight increase slowed down with increasing of ages, which is very significant than the controlling littermates(P<0.01). MKR mice in the other were worse than Kunming littermates, that is also significant(P<0.01). Therefore, MKR mice model should be estabolished as a good king of animal model in the type 2 diabetes.
Effects of Dilution Methods on Frozen Semen Quality of Cashmere Goats
LU Pei-yao;REN You-she;SHEN Hui-min;YUE Wen-bin;YAO Ji-guang;YANG Zi-sen;WANG Hui-sheng;ZHAO Xing-cai;BAI Hai-quan
2009, 36(6):  101-103. 
Abstract ( 1259 )  
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Seven cashmere goats producing great semen was selected. Sperm motility(0, 4 h), sperm survival index, acrosomal integrity, enzyme activity of HYD, GOT and LDH after frozen-thawed were measured, to study the effect of one-step dilution method and two-step dilution method on semen freezing and frozen-thawed spermatozoa quality. The results showed that sperm survival index of two-step dilution method was higer significantly than that of one-step dilution method after frozen-thawed. Enzyme activity of HYD, GOT and LDH of two-step dilution method was lower significantly than those of one-step. The results showed that frozen semen quality of cashmere goats of two-step dilution method was better than that of one-step dilution method.
奶业专栏
Application of Protected Methionine on Dairy Cows
ZHANG Chun-lin;WANG Jia-qi;BU Deng-pan;WEI Hong-yang;DONG Xiao-li;ZHANG Yang-dong;ZHOU Ling-yun;ZHAO Guo-qi
2009, 36(6):  104-108. 
Abstract ( 1580 )  
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Methionine play important role in the amino acid nutrition of dairy cow. However, direct addition of methionine was easy to degrade by rumen microbes, which also affect methionine absorption and utilization. Protected methionine can avoid amino acids from ruminal degradation, cover methionine requirements of dairy cow and improve performance. The author mainly reviewed metabolism, nutritional function, factors affected of bioavailability, application on dairy cow of protected methionine.
Research Advance on Bovine Milk Beta-lactoglobulin
LAN Xin-yi;WANG Jia-qi;BU Deng-pan;PENG Hua;ZHANG Bin
2009, 36(6):  109-111. 
Abstract ( 1641 )  
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Beta-lactoglobulin is the main whey protein in bovine milk.Research papers related to β-lactoglobulin were reviewed,which mainly covered its structure,physiologic function, the effect of heat denaturation and applications.

The Compare Subclinical Mastitis with Somatic Cell Count and Category of Pathogenic Bacteria between Xinjiang Brown Cattle and Chinese Holstein Cattle
ZHANG Xue-mei;LIU Ming-jun;TAN Li-xin;ZHANG Ning;MA Yi-la
2009, 36(6):  112-115. 
Abstract ( 1616 )  
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Milk samples of Xinjiang Brown cattle and Chinese Holstein cattle from Urumqi breeding cattle farm were collected and isolated culture. The effects of subclinical mastitis on different varieties were compared, information of somatic cell counts (SCC) and colony forming units(CFU),SCC and different ages from different varieties were analyzed. The results showed that there was difference on category of pathogenic bacteria and Xinjiang Brown cattle was prior to Chinese Holstein cattle on the infected rate of Staphylococci; the former has a stronger resistance to disease than the latter; there was a extreme1y significant association two varieties between CFU of SCC<200 thousand /mL and CFU of SCC>500 thousand /mL (P<0.05),while there was no significant correlation between CFU of 200 thousand /mL500 thousand /mL(P>0.05),statistical analysis on complete SCC and culture data showed no association between SCC and bacterial isolation and there was other factors; there was the trend of escalation on SCS of Xinjiang Brown cattle and Chinese Holstein cattle and there was significant correlation on SCS of different varieties.
Study on the Detection of Pathogen and Pathogenicity on Mouse about Dairy Cow Subclinical Mastitis in Xinjiang
ZHANG Xue-mei;LIU Ming-jun;YANG Bo;TAN Li-xin;ZHANG Ning;MA Yi-la
2009, 36(6):  119-123. 
Abstract ( 1295 )  
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Milk samples of subclinical mastitis were collected from two dairy cow farms in Xinjiang, 91 strains of bacteria which contain 21 species were isolated and identificated from milk specimens. There were 28 strains of Staphylococci, 21 strains of Streptococcus, 25 strains of bacillus and 17 other strains, the rate was 30.78%, 23.07%, 27.48% and 18.67% respectively. Animal test of the main pathogenic bacteria had certained that the higher pathogenicity strains were Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella and E.coli. The results of 30 drugs sensitivity test showed pathogenic bacteria almost were ineffective to penicillin and tetracycline frequently used, while levofloxacin, furadantin, cefotaxim and amikacin had a fairly good bacteriostasis.
疾病防治
Preparation of IgY against Cytopathic (CP) and Noncytopathic (NCP) Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV)
ZHAO Yu-long;WU Mo-er;BO Xin-wen;LI Yan;ZHONG Fa-gang;LI Na;KU Chao-feng;
2009, 36(6):  124-127. 
Abstract ( 1373 )  
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Layer hens were immunized with cytopathic (CP) and noncytopathic (NCP) bovine viral diarrhea virus(BVDV), the egg yolk was successfully treated with modified PEG6000 method. The purity of IgY was detected with SDS-PAGE and the IgY titer was assayed by indirected ELISA after 7 days, and the neutralizing antibody titer to NCP BVDV with immunoperoxidase monolayer assay (IPMA). The results suggested that higher purity of lgY was observed with the use of modified PEG6000. We can detect anti-BVDV IgY in the first 14 days. After being immunized with 4 doses of the conjugate, the titer of IgY against CP BVDV was 1∶32000, against NCP BVDV was 1∶40000 and kept the conditions after 3 months. Neutralizing antibody titer to NCP BVDV was 1×10-3.
The Relationship between Heat Shock Proteins and Parasite Infection
WANG Qiang;LI Mian;ZHANG Long-xian
2009, 36(6):  133-136. 
Abstract ( 1346 )  
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The significance of heat shock protein(HSPs) in parasite infection, treatment and prevention has aroused extensive concern in recent years, becoming the most active research areas. This article summarizes heat shock proteins family and its role of parasitic infections.
The Effect of the Chinese Herbal Medicine against Coccidian on Serum Index of Broilers
LI Chao;ZHAO Xing-tao;WANG Shu-bai;SHAN Hu;LIU Hao-min
2009, 36(6):  137-139. 
Abstract ( 1173 )  
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The experiment was conducted to study the effect of the Chinese herbal medicine against coccidian on the serum index of AA broilers. 720 1-day-old healthy AA broiler chickens were randomly divided into 6 treatments. Group 1 to 5 (the trail groups) were fed with 4% Chinese herbal medicine, 0.8% Chinese herbal medicine, 0.4% Chinese herbal medicine and 0.5 mg/kg diclazuril, 60 mg/kg salinomycin, while the group 6 (the control group) was fed with the basal diet. The results showed that the AKP activities in blood of the 3rd and the 4th group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.05), the ACP activities, the LPL activities, Ca and P contents were no significant difference between the control group and the trail groups (P>0.05). The LPP activities of the 1 to 4 groups were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The TC contents of the 1 to 3 groups were significantly lower than those of the control group, the 4th group and the 5th group (P<0.05). The BUN contents of the 2nd group and the 3rd group were extremely significantly lower than those of the 4th group and the 5th group (P<0.01), while the 5th group was significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.05). The GOT activities of the 1 to 4 groups were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The GOP activities were no significant difference between the control group and the trail groups (P>0.05). The TAA contents in blood of the 1 to 3 groups were significantly lower than those of the 4th group, the 5th group and the control group (P<0.05). 
Epidemiological Investigation of Rabbit Coccidiosis in Lanzhou, Gansu Province
MA Yong-hua;JIA Wan-zhong;YAN Hong-bin;TIAN Guang-fu;CHEN Shi-en
2009, 36(6):  142-144. 
Abstract ( 1316 )  
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Coccidiosis is a kind of sporozoan diseases in rabbits caused by coccidian of Eimeridae, which has been a great threat to rabbit breeding industry. In this paper, investigations on coccidian species and their epidemic in rabbits from 5 food markets of Lanzhou, Gansu province were performed. Analysis of rabbit coccidian epidemic will provide a basis for the separation of coccidian species and prevention.
Research Advance in Diagnosis and Detection Technique of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus
LI Ge;YAN Yu-lin
2009, 36(6):  148-151. 
Abstract ( 1181 )  
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Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome is an immunosuppressive contagious disease of swine, which is one of major diseases seriously harmed to swine industry. Making an accurate diagnosis by various detection techniques is the prerequisite of preventing and controlling this disease. The detection techniques include virus detection, antibody detection and typing diagnosis, involving viral isolation, immunohistochemistry, RT-PCR, indirect immunofluorescence, immunoperoxidase monolayer assay, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, gene array etc. Each of above techniques has its own advantage and limitation, the principle, method and character of each technique were reviewed and compared, the application and development were also prospected.
Investigation on Epidemiology of Dairy Yak Coccidiosis
HE An-xiang;JIANG Zhong-rong;YE Zhong-ming;WANG Tao;YANG Guang-you;YIN Dong-yun;JIANG Jun
2009, 36(6):  154-155. 
Abstract ( 1307 )  
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500 fecal samples of Yak in Kangding and Seda county were collected for epidemiological investigation of yak coccidiosis. Coccidia mean infection rate was 30.00%(150/500),Kangding and Seda county were 31.95%(54/169) and 29%(96/331) respectively. Male yak mean infection rate was 26.38%(43/163),female yak was 31.75%(107/337). The infection rate of adult dairy yak (>3 years old)was 16.22%(42/259),young and calves dairy yak(<3 years old)was 44.81%(108/241). Nine species of Eimeria coccidian were identified as follows: Eimeria bovis (24.00%),E.cylindrica(12.00%),E.zurnii(16.00%),E.subspherica(18.03%),E.brasilicnsis(8.27%),E.canadensis(6.67%),E.ellipsoidallis(9.33%),E.wyomingensis(3.30%) and E.auburncnsis(2.40%).
Diagnosis and Treatment of Staphylococcus Aureus Disease in Pigs
YANG Xian-fu;WANG Jian;LONG Bu-zhong;LONG Wen-bo;LI Yun-ying;HUANG Gong-ming
2009, 36(6):  156-157. 
Abstract ( 2193 )  
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An individual pig-farm in southeast Guizhou prefecture,a group of sows were transferred to a simple pigsty that warehouse into a converted pigsty to feed,as the hot weather, the pigsty was poorly ventilated,dark and damp,it had poor sewage on the ground, all filthy pig, resulting 10 sows were ill,the clinical symptoms of sick sows mainly concentrated local swelling and the thick kind of sticky secretions outflow from vaginal.In order to identified pathogens, the sick sows pus and vaginal secretions was used to smear examination, and then carried out the separation of bacteria and bacterial culture, biochemical tests were done,finally,it was diagnosed as Staphylococcus aureus disease of sow, sick sows have been cured by using ampicillin and erythromycin combined with surgery.
流行病防治
Establishment of Antibody Indirect ELISA and its Initial Application
SHI Li-jun;ZHANG Jin-xiu;REN Lin-zhu;LI Gang
2009, 36(6):  162-164. 
Abstract ( 1264 )  
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This study established an indirect antibody enzyme-linked assay system based on the expressed Cap protein. We optimized some factors such as antigen coating concentration (10 μg/mL), the dilution of serum samples (1∶160), blocking reagent (10% bovine serum), the work concentration of HRP-labeled anti-porcine IgG (1∶1000), reacted conditions of samples and HRP-labeled anti-porcine IgG (37 ℃, 60 min). The value of cutoff is 0.25. The CV is not beyond 0.1. In the detection of 60 clinical samples, the established ELISA showed excellent agreement with the compared kit (91.7%). The developed ELISA is suitable for PCV2 monitoring and detection, especially for screening large number of samples in farms.
Seperation, Identification and Investigation on Epidemiology of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus
XI Guang-sheng;WU Qi-biao;HUANG Bai-hua;TAN Chun-ping;LIU Wen-juan;LU Qin-zhang
2009, 36(6):  165-168. 
Abstract ( 1642 )  
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Using the RT-PCR technology, to detect the Guangxi Nanning, Yulin, Laibin, Guigang, Liuzhou, Qinzhou, Fangchenggang, Chongzuo, Hezhou, Guilin, Guangdong, Hainan and other parts of a dozen suspected PRRSV infection occurred in the 28 pig farms delivery 264 sick or dead pigs were seized in the lungs, spleen, lymph nodes and other organs for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) detection; a total of 94 samples were positive, the positive rate was 35.6%; at the same time use of PRRSV indirect ELISA kit to detect the period from 2005 to 2007 in 48 pig farms 875 serum samples, the test results showed that 39 farms infected with PRRSV rate was 81.3%, 338 in the presence of serum positive PRRSV antibody positive rate of 38.6%. On the expected positive disease after vaccination Marc-145 cells, clear cytopathic effect (CPE), to continue to expand cultivation, harvesting and virus isolation, -70 ℃ preservation reserve. Epidemiological survey results show that the prevalence of Guangxi and the surrounding areas PRRSV infection, and the high rate of infection has become the hog industry in the region against the major diseases. 
兽医临床
2009, 36(6):  170-170. 
Abstract ( 1054 )  
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2009, 36(6):  175-177. 
Abstract ( 1192 )  
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畜禽产品
Comparative Study on Carcass Characteristics and Meat Quality in Lean and Obese Genotype Finishing Pigs
BO Mei-juan;KONG Xiang-feng;XU Hai-jun;LI Tie-jun;HUANG Rui-lin; TANG Wen-jie;LIU Zhi-qiang; YIN Yu-long
2009, 36(6):  178-181. 
Abstract ( 1219 )  
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Four Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire pigs and four Ningxiang pigs with an average body weight of 50 kg were used in this study to determine the normal values of carcass characteristics, meat quality, contents and compositions of amino acids and fatty acids. The results showed that the average weights of carcass, skin and total fat, the total fat percentage and average backfat thickness in Ningxiang pigs were higher (P<0.05), while muscle weight, lean meat percentage and lion eye area were lower (P<0.05) compared with Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire pigs; the scores of meat color in Ningxiang pigs were higher (P<0.05), while drip losses were lower (P<0.05) compared with the Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire pigs. The contents of all kinds of amino acids in Ningxiang pigs were lower (P>0.05) than those of Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire pigs; the content of oleic acid in musculus longissimus dorsi and semitendinosus muscle of Ningxiang pigs were higher (P<0.05), while the contents of octadecanoic acid and linoleate acid in musculus longissimus dorsi and linoleate acid in semitendinosus muscle were lower (P<0.05) compared with the Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire pigs. 
Analyzed of Eggshell Quality Characters of Gushi Goose
FAN Jia-ying;HUANG Yan-kun
2009, 36(6):  182-183. 
Abstract ( 1579 )  
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The aim was to analyze the quality characters of eggshell. The average rate of eggshell and the eggshell thickness of different parts of 56 eggs choosing randomly were determined.The average rate of eggshell was 12.32%.The average thickness of eggshell was 0.517 mm,and the thickness of acute end was larger than aircell end and middle part. The results could offer some foundation for this variety. 
动物生产
Effect of Group Size and Floor-space Allowance on Animal Welfare and Performance in Pigs
YANG Wei;SHI Jian-zhong;GU Xian-hong
2009, 36(6):  184-188. 
Abstract ( 1239 )  
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Pigs are species with a strong tendency to live in groups. In wild,they can adjust their group size to accommodate to the environment by themselves. In intensive livestock farms,pigs were stocked in limited pens. And they can not get away from their groups freely. There will be a high risk of abnormal behavior if stoking density is too high. Group size can affect the frequency of aggressiveness,which may further affect the welfare and performance of pigs. In this paper,we discuss the recent researches on group size and floor-space allowance and find that confounding is inevitably introduced when the factors under study include stocking density and group size. In response to this situation we offered some suggestions to avoid or minimize the confounders.
The Species Characteristic of Xinjiang Bactrian Camel and Management
WU Wei-wei;HA Ni-kezi;HUANG Xi-xia; ZHANG Ting-hu;A Zha-ti;XU Xin-ming;ZHANG Yan-hua;TIAN Ke-chuan
2009, 36(6):  189-191. 
Abstract ( 1603 )  
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Xinjiang bactrian camel lives in the edge of Junggar Basin and Tarim Basin, and the area of Tianshan desert grassland and desert steppe grassland areas.In the long-term evolutionary process, Xinjiang bactrian camel get a unique and good adaptation for desertification and ecological conditions, such as resistance to rough-feeding, thirsty, hunger, heat, cold, storm and long-distance running. In this paper, the species characteristics, production performance of Xinjiang bactrian were introduced and the prospect of cultivation was given.
A Study on the Body Weight and Body Size of Wannan Black Pig of Different-day Old
YAN Yan;ZHANG Xiao-dong;WANG Yang;YIN Zong-jun
2009, 36(6):  192-193. 
Abstract ( 1271 )  
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The correlation analysis was carried on body weight traits and body size traits of Wannan black pigs at newborn, 20, 30, 60 and 90 days. The results showed that the Wannan black pigs’ average daily gain was enhancing with the day-old increasing. There was significant correlation between body weight and head length at 30 days of age and the correlation coefficient was 0.852. There were highly significant correlation between body weight and chest girth at 20 and 30 days and the correlation coefficients were 0.896, 0.903 respectively. All of the correlation coefficients above could be used for breeding.
Proceeding of Study on Yak Calves(Bos grunniens) on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
LI Liang;WU Ke-xuan;LIU Shu-jie
2009, 36(6):  196-198. 
Abstract ( 1316 )  
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The proceeding of study on yak calves on Qinghai-Tibet plateau is expounded. Yak calving reasearch systems should be necessary to be built from the recent study on yak calves about transition, Yak cows’ colostrum,grazing,slaughter calves,probiotic,pre-weaning and milk replacer.
Regression Analysis between Body Weight and Body Measurement of Oura-Type of Tibetan Sheep
HAN Xue-ping
2009, 36(6):  199-201. 
Abstract ( 1241 )  
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In this paper,40 male sheep and 104 female sheep of Oura-type Tibetan sheep in Henan county of Qinghai province were selected to measure the body weight and body measurement. Then the regression analysis between body weight and body measurement was made by the Stepwise method of SPSS soft. The optimized regression equation is, y=0.88x2+13.64x6-4.35x7+1.28x4-114.51 (P<0.01) for male sheep, and y=0.49x1+0.46x2+0.30x3+0.43x4-43.51 (P<0.01) for female sheep.
经验交流
Comparative Analysis on Wool-fibre Diameter by Two Instruments
TIAN Ke-chuan;HUANG Xi-xia;TAN Xue-zhou;ZHANG Ting-hu;LI Ying;JI Yuan-yuan;WU Wei-wei;ZHANG Yuan
2009, 36(6):  202-204. 
Abstract ( 1347 )  
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To test the accuracy of domestic fibre diameter measurement instrument, AODA2000, wool samples from 314 wool sheep and foreign fibre diameter measurement instrument, OFDA100, were used. Each sample was measured by the tow instruments (AODA 2000, domestic; OFDA100, imported), respectively. Then, the Paired-Sample T Test was done. The results showed that there was no significant difference (P>0.05) in fineness measurement between the two instruments. Therefore, there is no difference between AODA2000 and OFDA100 in measuring fire diameter, and the AODA2000 can take the place of OFDA100.
The Study on Factors Effect of Complex Coacervation for Sustained-release Gelatin Microcapsules
LI Jin;ZHENG Ming-xue;QIAN Rui;BAI Feng
2009, 36(6):  207-209. 
Abstract ( 1312 )  
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Complex coacervation is commonly used to make sustained-release gelatin microcapsules, this article overviewed its application field, preparation process and influence factors, investigated the effects of successfully making sustained-release gelatin microcapsules through the concentration and ratio of gelatin and the other condensed-phase, temperature of reaction system, stirring speed, pH, level of crosslink and drying process.
Effect of Cryopreservation on Domestic Cat Epididymal Spermatozoa
XU Yang;BAO Wen-yu;GUO Yong;WU Jing;;NI He-min
2009, 36(6):  210-213. 
Abstract ( 1412 )  
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To search the better extender, cryoprotectant and thaw temperature for cryopreservate domestic cat epididymal spermatozoa, the domestic cat epididymal spermatozoa was collected and assessed before and after rapid cryopreservation by two different extenders and three different cryoprotectants respectively. Then, they were thawed in warm water bath either at 37 ℃ or 30 ℃. The results showed that extender II was much more effective than another one. As a cryoprotectant, the glycol was also much better than the glycerol and DMSO(P<0.05). The post-thawing motility and abnormal sperm rate of the frozen/thawed spermatozoa protected by glycol reached 52.7%±4.9% and 37.3%±4.2% respectively. Its intact acrosome rate was 52.4%±4.1%, but there was no significant difference between the group with glycerol and that with DMSO. It indicated that the glycol and extender II was better for cryopreservate domestic cat epididymal spermatozoa, thawing effect at 37 ℃ was much better than that at 30 ℃.