China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine

The Effect of Oral Administration of Formalin on the Digestion, Metabolism and Growth of Lambs

BAN Wen-jie;LUO Qiu-jiang;KONG Fan-hu;Gulinisha;PAN Rong

2010, 37(12): 5-10.

Abstract ( 1255 )

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8 of Small Tail Han sheep × Poll Dorset lambs, 30-day-old, with the body weight of (6.9±1.0) kg were divided into 2 groups randomly (n=4 each group), to study on the effect of oral administration of formalin(OAF) on the intake, digestion, metabolism, dressing performance and formaldehyde residual of lamb. The results showed that at three stages of 55 to 80, 95 to 120 and 125 to 150 days’ old, the dry matter intake were (567.3±27.5), (752.4±9.01) and (1044.1±30.8) g/(lamb·day) respectively in control group, and increased by 22.02% (P<0.01),28.75% (P<0.01) and 41.79% (P<0.01) respectively in the group of OAF; the nitrogen retention were (12.3±0.8),(13.6±0.2) and (18.0±0.6) g/(lamb·day) respectively in control group, and increased by 25.20% (P<0.01)，41.91%(P<0.01) and 46.11%(P<0.01)respectively in OAF group；the daily body weight gain were (157.1±11.7),(246.4±24.4) and (250.0±8.3) g/(lamb·day) respectively in control group，and increased by 18.20% (P<0.05）,23.21% (P<0.05) and 27.16% (P<0.01) respectively in OAF group. However, the digestibility of diet had no significant difference between two groups. At 240 days’old, in control group and OAF group the carcass weight were （20.3±1.78） kg and (24.55±1.14) kg (P<0.01) respectively, the dressing percentage were 48.59%±1.08% and 50.46%±1.02% (P<0.05) respectively, the lean meat percentage were 65.22%±1.57% and 64.8%±1.11% (P>0.05) respectively. The formaldehyde contents in blood, muscle, kidney, liver, rumen tissue and small intestine tissue were (1.84±0.44) mg/L,(0.35±0.26) mg/kg,(1.10±0.67) mg/kg,(0.74±0.34) mg/kg,(0.91±0.72) mg/L and (0.79±0.41) mg/L respectively in control group and were (1.47±0.61) mg/L,(0.54±0.34) mg/kg,(1.65±0.71) mg/kg,(0.91±0.38) mg/kg,(2.03±0.71) mg/L and (0.85±0.42) mg/L respectively in OAF group. It is concluded that OAF of lamb could increase the intake without affecting the digestibility of diet, the digested amount of diet and the body weight gain; and the effect of OAF was age-dependent; the carcass weight and dressing percentage lamb were increased by OAF without the decreasing of lean meat percentage of carcass; the content of formaldehyde in the tissue of lamb orally administrated with formalin for 210 days were bellow 2.0 mg/kg.

The Amino Acid Pattern for Maintenance Requirements of Broilers

YANG Zhi-gang;CAI Hui-yi;LIU Guo-hua;LI Yong;CHANG Wen-huan;ZHANG Shu

2010, 37(12): 11-14.

Abstract ( 1193 )

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A total of seventy-two of 2-week-old,6-week-old AA broilers were randomly arranged into two treatments with 6 replicates of 6 broilers(3:male,3:female), fed diets with nitrogen free diet and low nitrogen diet,separately.Endogenesis amino acid excretion was determined by nitrogen free diet.Amino acid excretion from feather loss, scurf loss et al was determined by low nitrogen diet.The results indicated that the requirements of fifteen amino acids except Gly,Cys for maintenance were significantly different between 14 and 42-day-old(P<0.05).Amino acid pattern was different between broilers of 0 to 3-week-old and adult broilers.In conclusion,the amino acid patterns of 2-week-old and 6-week-old broilers for maintenance could be regarded as that of 0 to 3-week-old and 4 to 8-week-old broilers,respectively.

Study on Characteristics of Protease from Bacillus subtilis natto NY-1

SUN Yan;WANG Jia-qi;XI Xiao-qi;BU Deng-pan;PENG Hua;WEI Hong-yang;ZHOU Ling-yun

2010, 37(12): 15-17.

Abstract ( 1226 )

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To study the characteristics of the protease from Bacillus subtilis natto NY-1 strain, crude protease liquid was obtained by culturing strain in liquid medium, and the activity of protease was assayed after different treatment conditions. The results showed that the optimum temperature and the optimum pH were 65 ℃ and 9.0, respectively; it is found that the protease was stable at 45 ℃, and between pH 8.0 to 9.0. The protease was activated by Mn²⁺ and Zn²⁺, as well as inhibited by Fe²⁺,Cu²⁺ and Mg²⁺.

Effect of Low Temperature Stress on Osmotic Regulation Substances and Root Vitality in Buffalograss Seedling

KANG Jun-mei;LI Yan;SHEN Jing;XIONG Jun-bo;YANG Qing-chuan

2010, 37(12): 18-21.

Abstract ( 1255 )

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Using the warm-season turfgrass ‘Zhongping No.1’ buffalograss as experimental material，effects of low temperature stress on osmotic regulation substances and root vitality were studied. The results showed that osmotic regulation substances closely related to the cold acclimation adjustment mechanism of buffalograss seedlings under low temperature stress. With the prolonged of the treatment，contents of soluble sugar and protein as well as praline increased. But the content of soluble sugar increased gently at the later stage; the content of soluble protein did markedly at all time. This displayed soluble protein maybe played an important role in adjustment mechanism under low temperature. Then change of proline content was sensitive to cold stress. And proline content sharply increased in the earlier stage and slowly decreased again with the extension of stress time. However，the content of proline remained at a relatively high level throughout the course of cold stress.Meanwhile root vitality of buffalograss seedlings was affected largely by low temperature. The root vitality decreased quickly under low temperature stress. This demonstrated the root system was important to maintain normal growth and development of plants， and it maybe was looked upon as an important indicator for identification of cold tolerance of plants.

Factors Affecting Alfalfa Silage and Research Progress on Alfalfa Silage Technology

LI Gai-ying;GAO Teng-yun;FU Tong;LIAN Hong-xia;CHEN Yu-xia

2010, 37(12): 22-26.

Abstract ( 1301 )

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The study summarized the main factors affecting alfalfa silage and the current research situation on alfalfa silage technology in the world, in which additives silage technology is the future direction and focus of the study. Because of the high moisture, low soluble sugar, high buffer index and few lactic acid bacteria of alfalfa, it needed to be treated specially for silage making. Low moisture silage technology of alfalfa was used early, and now additive silage technology developed fast, but there was still a long way to practice. Finally, there was a outlook for alfalfa additive silage.

The Studies of Sweet Sorghum Silage with Different Additives

QIN Li-gang;XU Qing-fang;DONG Kuan-hu;WANG Bao-ping;YU Zhu;SUN Qi-zhong;LIU Jian-ning

2010, 37(12): 27-30.

Abstract ( 1331 )

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The effects of additives on sweet sorghum silage were studied. The sweet sorghum during grain filling were moved and bagged ensilaged with CK，formic acid (6 mL/kg) or sucrose (2%).After sampled and analyzed after storage 60 d，the results indicated that the silage fermentation quality was improved，the pH and ammonia nitrogen content significantly reduced(P<0.05)，and lactic acid content significantly improved with additives of formic acid or sucrose(P<0.01). The contents of WSC，nitrate，NDF and DMR significantly improved with additives of formic acid (P<0.05)，but only NDF content and DMR significantly improved with additives of sucrose (P<0.05).The nitrate content significantly reduced after ensiling (P<0.01).

Development of MTT Assay for the Detection of Peripheral Blood T Cell Proliferation of Swine

ZHAO Shi-yun;ZHAO Xin-xin;SU Hua-li;LIU Xian-yong;SUO Xun

2010, 37(12): 35-38.

Abstract ( 1490 )

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Recognition of MHC-peptide complexes by T lymphocytes results in robust T cell proliferation, which is regarded as one of the hallmarks of the host cell-mediated immune responses against pathogens. To conveniently detect cell-mediated immune responses of swine upon pathogen infection or vaccine immunization, we developed a method for studying peripheral blood T cell proliferation of swine via MTT assay. Firstly, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were collected through density gradient centrifugation, and then peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) were obtained by discarding adherent monocytes after co-culture overnight. Flow cytometry analysis showed that the percentage of T cells in PBL was >80%. Next, the MTT assay was used to detect effects of the concentration of ConA and cell culture density on porcine T cell proliferation. The result of MTT suggested that when 2×106/mL T cells were cultured with 5 μg/mL ConA, the highest level of T cell proliferation was achieved. The MTT assay for studying porcine T cell proliferation could facilitate assessing the T cell mediated immune response against pathogens or vaccines.

The Effect of Deoxycholic Acid on Rat’s Satellite Cells’Culture

JIAO Ze-hua; DUAN Biao;BAI Chun-ling;WEI Zhu-ying; LI Guang-peng

2010, 37(12): 39-41.

Abstract ( 835 )

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Satellite cells are regarded as a population of muscle-specific committed progenitors that are responsible for the postnatal maintenance，growth，repair and regeneration of skeletal muscles. Although satellite cells nave been first isolated 50 years ago，the characteristic that is maintained by culture still cann’t resolve. In this study，50 μmol/L deoxycholic acid（DCA）could promote the proliferation of rats’ satellite cells.The expression of β-catenin increased gradually by Western blotting. The cells treated with DCA still could fusion.

Recent Advances of Glucagon-like Peptide-2

ZHANG Cheng-yong;LIANG Zi-sen;LIU De-hui;HUANG Yu-mao

2010, 37(12): 42-44.

Abstract ( 1241 )

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Glucagon-like peptide-2(GLP-2),is post-translational processing of the proglucagon gene expressed in the intestinal enteroendocrine L-cell. It is as a growth promoting intestinal repair material, and increase villus height and crypt depth.While GLP-2 can restore and maintain the integrity of intestinal mucosa barrier,promote the repair of small intestine function after injury. Therefore,GLP-2 will be on the application prospect in animal nutrition.The author summary GLP-2 of the latest research from the GLP-2 secretion, metabolism, functions.

Effects of Ethyl Acetate Extract from Sappan Wood on T Cells Subsets of Rats with Ulcerative Colitis

U Yan

2010, 37(12): 45-47.

Abstract ( 1410 )

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To observe the effect of ethyl acetate extract from sappan wood on T lymphocyte subsets and interleukin-6 of rats with ulcerative colitis (UC), 40 Wister rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, sappan wood group and Sulfasalazine (SASP) group. Ulcerative colitis was induced by immunization with rabbit’s colonic mucous emulsified with completely Freund’s adjuvant in rats except normal group. The rats were respectively treated with enemas as follows physiological saline, ethyl acetate extract from sappan wood and SASP for 21 days. We analyzed expression of T lymphocyte subsets from peripheral blood with flow cytometry (FCAS methods) and measured the IL-6 contents in serum by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA methods). Results displayed that compared with normal group, CD4⁺ T lymphocytes, CD4⁺CD8⁺ratio and the IL-6 contents were increased significantly in model group, compared with model group, CD4⁺ T lymphocytes, CD4⁺CD8⁺ ratio and IL-6 content were reduced significantly in sappan wood group and SASP group, and no significant difference could be demonstrated between sappan wood group and SASP group. Evidences demonstrated that the ethyl acetate extract from sappan wood may regulate T lymphocyte subsets and reduce the contents of IL-6, consequently play a role of protection in rats with ulcerative colitis.

Constitutive Androstane Receptor and Boar Taint Metabolism Relationship Research in Progress

LIU Hua-wei;LOU Lei;SHI Bao-ming

2010, 37(12): 48-50.

Abstract ( 1262 )

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Feeding no castration boar has more advantages, but accumulation of androstenone and skatole causing the boar taint which limit their feeding the main bottleneck. This paper summarizes the constitutive androstane receptor and boar taint compounds(androstenone and skatole) metabolism relationship studing. In order to to find a more appropriate way to reduce the boar taint provide a theoretical basis.

Methods and Strategies in Milk Proteomic Research

ZHANG Le-ying;WANG Jia-qi;BU Deng-pan;YANG Yong-xin;LI Shan-shan;ZHOU Ling-yun

2010, 37(12): 51-54.

Abstract ( 1295 )

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This review described the key techniques used within proteomic methodologies，with an emphasis on their general uses within proteomics. In particular，we emphasize the contribution of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis in combination with various mass spectrometry techniques for the detailed characterization of milk proteins. In addition，the new introduced technologies of proteomics to promote the researches of milk proteins in detail was prospected．

Heterologly Expression of Plantaricin GenesPlnE and PlnF in E.coli

YANG Fang;YU Zhan-qiao;ZHANG Ri-jun

2010, 37(12): 55-59.

Abstract ( 1385 )

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In order to obtain high-yield pure plantaricin, and research on biological veterinary, plantaricin PlnE and PlnF were synthesised by Invitrogen. The aim genes were inserted into a bacterial expression vector pGEX-4T-1 to construct two prokaryotic expression vectors of pGEX-4T-E and pGEX-4T-F. After IPTG induction and express optimization, the fusion proteins were purified by affinity chromatography and detected by SDS-PAGE. The results showed that expression vectors were constructed correctly, more than 30% pure fusion proteins were obtained, which indicated peptides PlnE and PlnF could be accurately expressed in prokaryote cells, and lay a foundation for further researches on their bioactivity.

Research Progress on Biological Functions of Hepatocyte Growth Factor during Muscle Development

LIU Fang;FEI Jing;CHEN Min;GAO Jing;HE Kang-xin;LI Ning;MENG Qing-yong;

2010, 37(12): 63-67.

Abstract ( 1200 )

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Many factors and several kinds of biological functions involved in muscle development are studied by more and more researchers .As an important morphogenesis progenitor hepatocyte growth factor （HGF） is a big and multi-domain protein and plays an important role during myogenesis as mitogen and morphogen. A series of HGF-met signaling pathways perform their biological activities at proliferation stage and differentiation stage of myogenesis. More works about HGF molecular mechanism will be done in the future.

Cloning and Prokaryotic Expression of Chicken-embryo-adapted Attenuated Vaccine Strain MY of Duck Hepatitis Virus and Antigenicity of the Expressed Protein

XIANG Yi-yong;LUO Wei;JIN Yan-ling;LIU Nei-sheng;LIU Qun;LONG Hu

2010, 37(12): 68-73.

Abstract ( 1195 )

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he gene of structural protein VP1 was cloned from chicken-embryo-adapted attenuated vaccine strain MY of duck hepatitis type 1 virus by nested-PCR. Then, the VP1 gene was subcloned into the vector pMD18-T, and the gene fragment was 714 bp. In GenBank submitted for GU363950. The main antigen sites of VP1 gene from strain MY was predicted, and the segment containing 208-222 amino acid exhibited high hydrophilicity, antigenic index and surface probability. After being double digested by EcoR Ⅰand XhoⅠ, VP1 gene was subcloned into prokaryotic expression vector pET32a (+) to construct expression plasmid pET-VP1. The pET-VP1 was transformed into BL21 PLyss (DE3) and induced by IPTG. SDS-PAGE analyses showed that a fusion protein with relative molecular mass of 47 ku was expressed in Escherichia coli. Western blotting analyses showed that specific immune response could occur with this protein and duck hepatitis virus positive serum, and this protein had good reactionogenicity.

Progress on Porcine Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus Molecular Biological Detection Technology

GE Chen-xia;WANG Long-tao;MA Lei;HU Gui-xue

2010, 37(12): 74-76.

Abstract ( 1232 )

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Porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus （TGEV） is the common pathogen of clinical veterinary. In recent years, its detection technology achieved rapid development, the thesis TGEV molecular biological detection technology was summarized and the new strategies of detection are prospected.

HA Gene Cloning and Sequence Analysis of Subtype H1N1 Swine Influenza Virus Isolated from Shandong

ZHANG Tai-xiang;LING Zong-shuai;LIU Wen-peng;XU Biao;LIANG Cheng-zhu;ZHU Lai-hua;SUN Jun;WANG Hong-bing

2010, 37(12): 77-81.

Abstract ( 1339 )

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HAgene of H1N1 subtype swine influenza virus was amplified by RT-PCR, the PCR products were obtained with the pMD18-T vector, and sequenced. Homology analysis showed that HA gene nucleotide homology of the isolated strain and other H1N1 subtype swine influenza virus were 70.7% to 90.8%, the highest homology was that with the A/swine/Zhejiang/1/2007, and homology of other strains were relatively low. Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that the evolutionary relationships of HA gene isolated in Shandong and that of European lineage of swine influenza virus were closet,proved that the isolated strain may be derived from the North American and Eurasian lineages of swine influenza virus lineage restructuring.

Application and Isolation Method of Hair Follicle Stem Cells

ZHAO Kui;JIA Zong-fei;GONG Hui-min;WANG Zhen-hua;WANG En-feng;PANG Quan-hai

2010, 37(12): 82-85.

Abstract ( 1341 )

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Hair follicle stem cells are ideal seed cells for tissue engineering of skin，their basal research are isolation and purification methods. This article describes several separation and purification methods that are commonly used，including explants culture and enzyme digestion，etc, it can makes a foundation to further study on the application and characteristics of hair follicle stem cells. Hair follicle stem cells can differentiate into hair follicles，sebaceous glands，epidermis，they play an important role in the tissues to maintain and update，as well as on treatment of some clinical diseases.

The Relationship between Mitochondria and Apoptosis

HU Kai;LIU Hao-peng;WAN Ting;LIU Chuan-dun;SU Rong-sheng;PAN Jia-qiang;TANG Zhao-xin

2010, 37(12): 86-88.

Abstract ( 1487 )

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itochondria is an important site for cellular energy production and storage， material metabolism, energy transformation.It not only induce apoptosis,but also be the executor of apoptosis.In the process of apoptosis,the active substances of apoptosis-related such as cytochrome C(Cyt·c),apoptosis inducing factor(AIF),B cell lymphoma gene-2(Bcl-2)release from mitochondria to the gap of the membrane that made the mitochondrial permeability transition pore(MPTP) opening,reduced mitochondrial membrane proton gradient on both side,lead to mitochondrial membrane potential cut down, induced apoptosis at last.At the same time,the Bcl-2 family can regulate apoptosis.In this paper,the relationship of MPTP, Cyt·c, AIF, Bcl-2 and apoptosis are reviewed.

Study on Blood Biochemical Parameters of Gayal×Brahman (GBF₁）and BMY Cattle

WANG Zhe;YANG Shi-ping;YUAN Xi-ping;WANG An-kui;ZAN Lin-sen;JIN Xian-dong;ZHANG Ji-cai;GAO Ai-nong;HUANG Bi-zhi

2010, 37(12): 89-91.

Abstract ( 1441 )

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The blood samples of 8 Gayal×Brahman (GBF₁） feedlot steers and 30 BMY feedlot steers which they were fattened for 12 months were collected by coccygeal venipuncture. Cre, TP, BUN, ALT, AST, ALP, ALB, GLO, BUN, UA, Chol, TG, GLU were determined. Cre in GBF₁ steers was significantly higher (P＜0.05) than that in the BMY steers. The other blood biochemical parameters had no significant different between GBF₁ and BMY steers (P＞0.05). 30 BMY bulls and 30 Brahman bulls which they were 12 months old were fattened for 90 days. Blood samples were collected by coccygeal venipuncture at the first fattening month (1FM), the second month (2FM) and the third month (3FM), respectively. Cre, TP, ALT, AST, ALB, Chol, TG, GLU, BUN, UA were determined.TP in 3FM was very significantly lower than that in 1FM and 2FM (P＜0.01). Chol，ALT in 3FM were very significantly higher than that in 1FM and 2FM (P＜0.01). TG, Cre in 3FM were significantly lower than that in 2FM (P＜0.05). BUN in 2FM was very significantly higher than in 1FM and 3FM (P＜0.01). UA in 2FM was very significantly lower than that in 3FM (P＜0.01). 

Cloning and Sequence Analysis of Metallothionein-Ⅲ in Goat

WANG lei;YANG Lian;WU Jian-ping;WANG Xiao-juan

2010, 37(12): 92-95.

Abstract ( 1248 )

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In this study, a pair of special primers(MT-Ⅲ_SP1and MT-Ⅲ_SP2) were designed for cloning the coding sequence of metallothionien-Ⅲ（MT-Ⅲ） from brain tissue in goat. The MT-Ⅲ coding sequence in goat were 207 bp. The goats MT-Ⅲ gene sequences had been submitted to GenBank under accession numbers EF471976.Goat MT-Ⅲ gene coded 68 amino acids, including 19 Cys residues. Goat MT-Ⅲ had characteristic MDPET，C-X-C，C-C-X-C-C，C-X-X-C and KKS sequences of MTs, where X was non-cysteine amino acids. The amino acids sequences of goat shared 99.5%，98.6%，89.4%，88.5%，88.2%，88.2% and 83.8% sequence similarity with cattle, sheep, dog, pig, human, rhesus monkey and mouse, it showed that the MT-Ⅲ was very conservative.The phylogeny of MT-Ⅲ from nucleotide and amino acids sequence were same, and was also consistent with the result of morphology and physiology.

Polymorphisms of Growth Hormone Gene in Xingyi Bantom

ZHU Li-li;WANG Chuang;FU Zhu-yin;CHEN Bin;ZHANG Fu-ping

2010, 37(12): 96-98.

Abstract ( 1218 )

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Xingyi bantom is a special Guizhou chicken breed native. In the present study, the polymorphism of exon 1 and inton1 of growth hormone(GH) gene about 777 bp was measured with the method of direct sequenceing in Xingyi bantom. The results showed that the complete sequences was A28.1%,T23.9%,G24.9% and C23.1% respectively.A+T（52%）was higher than G+C（48%）.A total of 10 were detected that covering 1.287% of the entire length of the sequence. The mutation sites were C124T, T319G, T321C, G333A, A364G, A464C, A507C, C508A, T541C and T630C. Meanwhile the C124T in 5′-UTR and the others in intron 1.All of them are transformation phenotyping the higher the deviation.

Genetic Diversity of Seven Microsatellite Markers in Liaoning Cashmere Goat

GUO Dan;HAN Di;WANG Chun-yan;ZHENG Xu;GAO Yue;WANG Jie;JIANG Huai-zhi

2010, 37(12): 99-103.

Abstract ( 1340 )

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The genetic polymorphisms of 7 microsatellite loci (OarAE101, OarJMP8, BM143, BM6506, BM1824, BM6438, ILSTS004) in four families of Liaoning cashmere goat.The results showed that there were 4 microsatellite loci (OarAE101, OarJMP8, BM143, BM6506) showed polymorphism in 7 microsatellit loci. Polymorphic information contents of OarAE101 was the highest, PIC was 0.727, and that of BM143 was the lowest, PIC was 0.526 at 7 microsatellite loci in Liaoning cashmere goat. The average effective numberofallele, the average PIC values and the average genetic heterozygosity were 3.249,0.635 and 0.638, respectively. It showed that variety the hereditary change was in a high level of Liaoning cashmere goat, the heredity multiplicity was very rich, the choice potential was very big.

Polymorphism of 3′-UTR in CAPN1 Gene and its Association with Meat Quality Traits in Shouguang Chicken

GUO Yan;ZHOU Guo-li;LV Xin;WU Yu-hou

2010, 37(12): 104-106.

Abstract ( 1359 )

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Polymorphisms of 3′-UTR in CAPN1 gene was detected by PCR-SSCP and the relationship between polymorphisms and meat quality traits was analyzed in Shouguang chicken. The results showed that AA, AB genotypes were detected in populations, their frequencies were 0.43 and 0.57，respectively, AB genotype was a dominant. Frequencies of A and B alleles were 0.715 and 0.285, respectively, the A allele was a dominant. The BB genotype had been not found in populations. The populations were not in Hardy-Weinberg disequilibrium (P＜0.05). The two genotypes had significant influence on chest muscle pHu, leg muscle pHu，intramuscular fat content and shear force of chest muscle (P＜0.05), and they had no significant influence on shear force of leg muscle, water loss rate, cooking loss of chest muscle and cooking loss of leg muscle (P＞0.05).

Determination of Growth and Development Indexes of the Different Hybrid Combination Offspring in Guizhou Bai Xiang Pig

YU Ding-biao;XU Hou-qiang;ZHANG Yong;CHEN Xiang;XU Cai-long

2010, 37(12): 107-110.

Abstract ( 1585 )

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Guizhou Bai Xiang pig was took as female parent, Yorkshire, Duroc and Landrace were took as male parents in the cross combination experiment in this study. Set Guizhou Bai Xiang pig as control group and birth weight, twenty days weight and 2 to 6 month’s growth and development indexes of 3 hybrid combination’s F1 and control group were determined. The results showed that the birth weight of Guizhou Bai Xiang pig cross experiment was Duroc×Xiang> Yorkshire×Xiang> Landrace×Xiang> Xiang pig, and there was no significant differences between landrace×Xiang and control group(P>0.05), and the twenty days weight was Duroc×Xiang> Yorkshire×Xiang> Landrace×Xiang> Xiang pig. The growth and development indexes were significant difference and more and more significant as month age increased, the trend was Yorkshire×Xiang> Duroc×Xiang> Landrace×Xiang> Xiang pig, except of the length of two months old was Duroc×Xiang>Yorkshire×Xiang> Landrace×Xiang> Xiang pig,and the weight, length, chest size and abdominal circumference of three months old and the weight and length of five months old was Yorkshire×Xiang > Landrace×Xiang> Duroc×Xiang> Xiang pig.

Measurement of the Body Size and Carcass Traits of Fei Ducks and Analysis on the Correlations between Different Traits

JING Dong-lin;HUANG De-chun;LIN Li-chao;LI Zhi-feng;YU Hui

2010, 37(12): 111-114.

Abstract ( 1376 )

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The body size and carcass traits of 8-week-old Tiannong Fei ducks were measured and the correlations between different traits were analysed. The results showed that there were very significant differences between the male and female ducks for half diving depth, shank length and body weight (P＜0.01), significant differences for body slope length, fossil bone length and shank circumference (P＜0.05); and there were very significant differences between the male and female ducks for carcass weight, half eviscerated weight, eviscerated weight and leg muscle weight (P＜0.01), significant differences for lean meat weight (P＜0.05). Highly significant correlations existed between body weight and different body sizes (except breast width) (P＜0.01); highly significant or significant correlations existed between body sizes in the experiment and slaughter weight, carcass weight, half eviscerated weight and eviscerated weight (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01); and there were highly significant correlations among body weight, carcass weight, half eviscerated weight, eviscerated weight, breast muscle weight, leg muscle weight and lean meat weight (P＜0.01), but there was no correlations between percentages of above weight traits and body weight, carcass weight (P＞0.05).

Genetic Variations of the Tyrosinase Gene

LIU Li;XI Dong-mei;CHEN Liang;SUN Shou-rong;HE Yi-duo;MAO Hua-ming;DENG Wei-dong

2010, 37(12): 115-119.

Abstract ( 1274 )

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Tyrosinase，which is the only expression product of the Tyr gene，is the limited-speed enzyme during the melanin biogenesis.This article summarized the structure，function and genetic variations of Tyr gene from animals and human. As a result，it will provide helps for the research and application of Tyr gene in future.

Comparative Analysis of Growth and Development Performance on Poll Dorset，Texel，and Small-tail Han Sheep in Summer

WEI Cai-hong;LU Guo-bin;SUN Dan;DU Li-xin

2010, 37(12): 120-123.

Abstract ( 1253 )

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In order to compare the growth and development performance and adaptability of the Poll Dorset, Texel and Small-tail han sheep ,the growing development targets as follows: birth weight，weaning weight，withers height，body weight，body length，circumference and circumference of cannon bone were measured and slaughter analyzed .The results showed that the introduction of two varieties of birth weight and weaning weight were not significantly different，and characteristics of rapid early growth and development had a better play，their height，weight，and carcass traits were higher than the Small-tail han sheep.，showing a good performance and adaptability of meat.The carcass weight, psoas muscle weight, thigh weight and eye muscle area were higher than Small- tail han sheep with after fattening in Poll Dorset and Texel（P＜0.05）. While the Small- tail han sheep in withers height，body weight and body length of these three targets of fattening rate were higher than another two breeds.

Effects of Sodium Nitro-prusside on the Granulosa Apoptosis Rate of Porcine Preantral Follicles

QUAN Qing;TAO Yong;ZHANG Xiao-rong;WANG Jin-ju;YAO Gui-dong

2010, 37(12): 124-126.

Abstract ( 1283 )

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In order to understand the effects of nitric oxide (NO) on granulose apoptosis of porcine preantral follicles at four days of the culture, we treated the follicles with different concentrations of sodium nitro-prusside (0, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1 and 1.0 mmol/L SNP), a nitric oxide donor. The results indicated that 1.0 mmol/L SNP was significantly higher than other treatments (P＜0.05), 0.001 mmol/L SNP was significantly lower than other treatments (P＜0.05).In conclusion, high concentrations of SNP in culture medium can significantly stimulate follicles granulose apoptosis, low concentrations of SNP inhibit follicles granulose apoptosis.

The Research Progress of Growth Hormone Receptor Gene Expression

CHEN Bao-ding;JIA Jun-jing;LIU Li;CHAI Yan;YU Hong-xin;LU Qiong-fen;ZHANG Wen-jie;LI Qi-hua

2010, 37(12): 127-130.

Abstract ( 1278 )

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Pituitary growth hormone (GH) has long been known as a major regulator of normal growth and metabolism. For a long time, we have been paid more attention in increasing the level of GH when we studies animal normal growth and metabolism. However, it does only work for GH in combining to its receptor (GHR) of target organs and transmitting the GH-dependent signals into the cells. Recently, a lot of studies show that the growth speed of animals does not completely parallel with the GH level exactly, and is distinctly positive correlation with GHR of liver. Level of GH and pituitary GH mRNA in the blood of growth speedy meat chicken is lower than that of growth slow egg chicken; while its GHR of liver is much higher. Concentration of the GH in blood of dwarfism animals is higher than that of normal animals, at the same time, the extracellular parts of their GHR are deficiency or have no normal functions. Hence, GHR gene expression plays a key role in regulating the normal growth and metabolism of animals.

The Comparison Research of Airborne Bacteria Amount in Different Cow Houses

JIN Lan-mei;WU Qing-lin;LV Li-zhen;XU Wei;JI Cong;SUN Qing;QI Shan-shan

2010, 37(12): 131-135.

Abstract ( 1254 )

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Adopting the method of sedimentation, the research monitors three large-scaled dairy farm and three cow houses in Nanjing for comparison. The research showed that different cow houses, different sampling sites and different medium had different results. The bacteria amount on dairy farm was more than that within the cow house. The bacterial colony counted the NA culture medium being up to 33.81 ×103 CFU/m3. MAC and S.S culture medium had no bacterias growing. The research showed that F＞ E ＞B＞C ＞ A ＞ D in the total amount airborne bacteria. The bacteria amount had no relevance with the cow houses size, but had much relevance with the hygiene administration .From 270 samples separates 338 bacteria, A, B grazing land were staphylococcus mainly, account for 75.34% (55/73) and 60.61% (40/66) respectively in separation bacterium. C grazing land and E, F housing estate were nitrobacterium mainly, account for 51.22% (42/82), 62.16% (23/37), 61.11% (33/54) respectively in separation bacterium. In the D housing estate, staphylococcus accounted for 46.15% in separation bacterium (12/26), nitrobacterium and streptococcus accounted for 26.92% (7/26), respectivily. The scale-relation dairy had no obvious difference with the total air borne bacteria amount in milk cow houses.

Effects of Dietary Energy and NPY Gene on Traits at First Laying in Wenchang Chickens

ZHANG Ming;CHEN Kuan- wei;ZHU Wen- qi;LI Hui- fang;SONG Wei- tao;HAN Wei;SONG Chi

2010, 37(12): 136-138.

Abstract ( 1237 )

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The aim of this study was to probe into the effects of NPY gene on traits at first laying and egg production for Wenchang chickens in different energy diets. 600 Wenchang chickens were randomly divided into 3 groups: low energy( groupⅠ), middle energy (groupⅡ) and high energy (group Ⅲ) , with 5 replication in each group, each replication consisted of 40 chickens, their body weights were similar as treatment groupsThe polymorphism of NPY gene in Wenchang chicken was detected by using PCR- RFLP method. The results showed that three genotypes of AA, AB and BB were found. There were no significant difference on traits at first laying among different dietary energy levels and three genotypes(P＞0.05). The two increasing thrends of age at first laying and egg weight at first laying followed by the decline of dietary energy level were found.

Study on Expression of VEGF Gene in Hair Follicles of Liaoning Cashmere Goats

YAO Ji-yuan;BAO Hong-xi;LUAN Wei-min;JIANG Huai-zhi

2010, 37(12): 139-141.

Abstract ( 1317 )

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RT-PCR technique was used to study the relative expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the follicles of two lines of perennial and seasonal cashmere types. The results showed that VEGF gene expressed in the follicles of both two lines, and the differential expression between two lines was no significant difference (P＞0.05). But VEGF gene expression level was the lowest in 2 month, and there was significant difference compared to other months (P＜0.05). The VEGF gene expression level maintained highly all around year, besides in 2 month. It may explain why perennial type can make cashmere perennially.

Study on Relationship between the Polymorphism of Estrogen Receptor Gene (ESR) and Reproduction Traits in Sutai Pigs

HUANG Xue-gen;;YE Lan;;LIU Kai;;HUA Jin-di;;BAO Wen-bin;;WU Sheng-long;

2010, 37(12): 142-144.

Abstract ( 1268 )

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Polymorphisms of ESR gene in Sutai pigs were were investigated by PCR-RFLP method. The relationship between ESR gene and reproduction traits were analyzed in this study. The results showed that there were genotypes AA，AB and BB in Sutai pigs，the frequencies of the ESR genotypes were 0.089, 0.570 and 0.341, respectively. The correlation between three genotypes and the performances showed that the number born alive（NBA)and birth litter weight（BLW） of individuals with AA genotype were higher than those of individuals with AB and BB genotypes in first parity（P<0.05）, the total number born and number weaned of individuals with AA genotype were higher than those of individuals with AB and BB genotypes in later parities（P<0.05）, weaning weight of litter of individuals with AA and AB genotypes were higher than those of individuals with BB genotype in later parities（P<0.05）. On the whole, reproduction traits of three PvuⅡ polymorphisms of ESR gene showed the tendency of AA> AB > BB in Sutai pigs.

Advance in Interferon-gamma of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome

BAI Xue;ZHAO Jian-zeng;;LIANG Zhi-xuan;QU Xue-qi;LI Yong;MEI Lin; WEN Tao;;HE Bin;YANG Ju;LUO Sheng-jun;XING Hai-yun;GAO Ying-jie

2010, 37(12): 145-150.

Abstract ( 1207 )

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Interferon-γ (interferon gamma, IFN-γ) known as type Ⅱ interferon or immune interferon is a kind of interferons which secreted mainly by activated T cells and NK cells. As one of the most important cytokines in animal body, IFN-γ is the major macrophage-activating factor (MAF) which has the abilities of immunolo-regulation, antivirus, anti-tumor and so on. At present, more and more attention has been payed on the research of gene engineering and gene therapy using interferon, and interferon has already been used for the researches both on clinical therapy of human disease and prevention and control of animal disease. In this paper, we reviewed the characteristic, biological activity and detection method of IFN-γ, and subsequently the application of IFN-γ in the research of PRRS was also mentioned.

Progress on the Study of Mannheimia haemolytica

CHEN Yan-hong;YAN Zhong;CHA Zhen-lin;YAO Jing;GE Xin-na

2010, 37(12): 153-155.

Abstract ( 1295 )

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Mannheimiosis is an important respiratory disease of cattle,sheep and other ruminants,and cause cattle and sheep industry great economic loss,Mannheimia haemolytica is the pathogen of this disease,this paper will give a brief overview of its biological characteristics,clinical symptoms,virulence factors,pathogenic mechanism and so on, and lay a foundation for further study.

Isolation and Identification of Infectious Broncheitis Nephritis Virus as well as the Disease’s Control

CAI Man-shan;ZHU Chao-hui;HU Deng-feng;LIU Hong;XIE Qing-mei;SHU Ding-ming

2010, 37(12): 156-158.

Abstract ( 1222 )

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Infectious broncheitis nephritis virus can cause infectious broncheitis nephritis, which results great loss in the poultry industry. In the text, identification methods of infectious broncheitis nephritis virus were introduced to provide an idea that how to prevent and control the disease.

Study on Toxicology of Anti-cough Powder in Chinese Veterinary Pharmacopoeia

XIE Shan-shan;FU Ben-dong;MENG Qing-da;ZHANG Chang-shuai;WU Dian-jun;WU Shuai-cheng;WEI Xu-bin

2010, 37(12): 159-163.

Abstract ( 1273 )

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To evaluate the clinical safety of the anti-cough powder, one of the traditional Chinese patent medicines collected in Chinese Veterinary Pharmacopoeia, from the perspective of modern pharmacology, we were commissioned by the Office of China Pharmacopoeia to make studies on the toxicology of the anti-cough powder. In the present study, we examined the acute toxicity of anti-cough powder in mice by intragastric administration and assessed its long-term toxicity in rats by recording the amount of hydroposia and feeds-foraging per day and body weight per week, measuring hematologic and blood biochemical indexes after administration for 24 hours and withdrawal for 2 weeks, and making pathological section after intragastric administration for 4 weeks in rats with low (7 g/kg) and high (14 g/kg) dosage groups. Our results showed that the medial lethal dose (LD50) of anti-cough powder is above 120 g/kg; during 4 weeks intragastric administration, the rats’ body weight, amount of hydroposia and feeds-foraging of each dosage group showed no significant difference compared to the control group（P＞0.05）; blood biochemical indicators such as urea nitrogen, creatinine, blood glucose and hematologic indexes such as white cell, red cell and hemoglobin had no significant difference compared to the control group as well（P＞0.05）; tissue sections of main organs such as heart, lung, spleen, liver and kidney were observed no abnormality. Taken together, these above results indicated that the anti-cough powder has a lower toxicity and its clinical medication is safe.

Isolation, Identification and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test of Bacteria from Intestine in Megalobrama amblycephala

YAN Bing-bing;LV Ai-jun;LUO Wei-jie;HU Xiu-cai

2010, 37(12): 164-166.

Abstract ( 1382 )

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The bacteria were isolated from the intestine of Megalobrama amblycephala, the 4 strains were named MA1-4, respectively. Microscopic examination and bacterial culture results showed that 4 strains of bacteria were straight rod-shaped Gram-negative bacteria, which could grow on LB agar; based on physiological and biochemical characteristics of the strains, MA1 belonged to Edwardsiella ictaluri, MA2 belonged to Morganella morganii, MA3 belonged to Xenorhabdus nematophilua, and MA4 belonged to Shigella Flexneri. Further drug sensitivity test results revealed that the resistance rate were 52.2%, 69.6%, 95.7% and 100%, repectively,four strains were resistant to Azithromycin, Erythromycin, Lincomycin, Clindamycin, Metronidazole, Cefalotin, Vanguard ADM Ⅳ, Sulfamethoxazole and Methoxyl Carbazole, but the strains have different sensitivity to Rifampicin, Chloromycetin, Cefamandole, Cefoperazone, Piperacillin, Ampicillin , Gentamicin, Kanamycin, Tetracycline, etc. The results suggested that the intestine may be a natural reservoir for opportunistic pathogen in fish, thus provided a reference with the application of intestinal bacteria and prevention and control of fish diseases.

The Study and Control Strategy of Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

LI Xiao-yan;WANG Xing-long;

2010, 37(12): 167-170.

Abstract ( 1180 )

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Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most important pathogens, can cause nasal, oral mucosa and skin and epithelial tissue infections, and severe pneumonia, sepsis and even to death. Now, Staphylococcus aureus can resist nearly all commonly antibiotics. In this review, we summarized the resistance mechanisms and treatment strategies of Staphylococcus aureus.

The Highly Pathogenic Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome RT-PCR Diagnosis and Pathology Analysis

GE Chen-xia;WANG Long-tao;WANG Xin;MA Lei;HU Gui-xue

2010, 37(12): 171-172.

Abstract ( 1257 )

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According to the highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (HP-PRRSV) Nsp2 gene partially missing features, designed and synthesized a pair of specificity primers, 4 dead pigs’ lymph nodes, spleens, lungs that suspected HP-PRRSV infection were detected by RT-PCR, 226 bp specific segments were amplificated and agreed with the desired results. The lungs, spleens, lymph nodes were taken and fixed in 10% formalin, the paraffin section were made to observe the change of this abnormal tissue, the results showed that the lymphocytes in lymph nodes and spleen were serious necrosis, lung was diffuse interstitial pneumonia, the substantial cells were damaged of different degree in liver, kidney and brain.

Study Progress on Major Virulence Factors and Pathogenic Mechanism of Haemophilus Parasuis

LI Jing-yi;ZHANG Jian-min;XU Cheng-gang;GUO Li-li;CHEN Ji-dang;LIAO Ming

2010, 37(12): 173-176.

Abstract ( 1329 )

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Haemophilus parasuis disease is known as leather Las disease (Glasser’s disease), which is a bacterial pig disease, causing pigs serositis, arthritis and meningoencephalitis. Recent years,it shows a worldwide distribution and the existence in most farmsand of China has been confirmed, bringing serious damages to swine industry. There are many serotypes of Haemophilus parasuis, virulences of different serotypes are not same, people know very little of its virulence factors, and less of the pathogenic mechanism, the pathogenic potential virulence factors associated with capsule, pili, lipopolysaccharide, outer membrane proteins, enzymes and so on .In this paper, these virulence factors and pathogenesis of the disease were reviewed in order to provide the scientific basis for prevention and control of the disease.

Effect of Immune Mucosal Antibody and Serum Antibody of Newcastle Disease Used Different Immunization Approachs for Layer Chicken

CHENG Bao-yan;ZHAN Kai;ZHAO Rui-hong;HU Xiao-miao;PAN Xiao-cheng;ZHANG Dan-jun

2010, 37(12): 177-179.

Abstract ( 1249 )

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In order to explore the effects of immune mucosal antibody and serum antibody of Newcastle disease used different immunization approachs for layer chicken, we used different immunization approachs immunized the commercial layer chickens.The results showed that the Newcastle mucosal antibody and serum antibody titers of chickens were significantly different after they were immunized with Newcastle disease attenuated vaccine by different immune pathways at the same time. Three times of immunization by spraying when 3-day-old, 15-day-old and 25-day-old, respectively, chicken produced ND mucosal antibody and serum antibody above the protective level （6 log2） most fastly, the highest level of antibody maintained the longest time, the overall immune effect was the best.While the levels of ND mucosal antibody and serum antibody of chickens immunized by drinking water were not high, and the overall immune effect was the worst.

Serological Survey for TGEV and PRCV Antibodies among Swine from Guizhou Province

HONG Ni-ning;ZHANG Deng-xiang;LI Tao;RAN Long-zhong;YU Tian-de

2010, 37(12): 180-182.

Abstract ( 1456 )

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A total of 2906 swine serum samples representing 88 countries from Guizhou province were tested during 2008 to 2009 in laboratory to detect transmissible gastroenteritis virus（TGEV） and porcine respiratory coronavirus（PRCV） antibodies using a commercial blocking ELISA system to distinguish TGEV from PRCV antibodies.12 samples （0.41% total）were TGEV seropositive, 44 samples（1.51% total） were PRCV antibody positive. 2818 samples（96.97% total） were TGEV and PRCV seronegative and the other 32 of the 2906 serum samples（1.10% total） were tested invalid or inconclusive.

Effects of Oral Administration of Recombinant Chicken Interferon-α on Infection and Antibody Production of NDV

吴静;李玉峰;马秀丽;林树乾;宋敏训

2010, 37(12): 183-185.

Abstract ( 1312 )

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The SPF chickens in the experiment were challenged intraocularly with La Sota strain of NDV， after 8 h of infection with NDV，chickens were treated by drinking water containing 1000 U/mL rChIFN-α. The total dose of rChIFN-α administered orally was about 20000 U/chicken every 24 h. The tracheal tissues were taken and histopathological sections were prepared at 7th day post-infection. The histopathological lesion in tracheal was ameliorated significantly in chickens drinking IFN-contained water for 3 days. The effect of orally administered rChIFN-α on the antibody response to NDV was studied， and the results showed that the HI titer in NDV infected chickens treated orally with rChIFN-α was significantly down-regulated.

Isolation and Identification and Drug Sensitivity Test of Pathogenic Bacteria of RFM of Dairy Cow

LI You-wen;;LIU Xiao-jie;TAO Da-yong;

2010, 37(12): 186-188.

Abstract ( 1216 )

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The pathogenic bacteria were identified from the uterine secretions of 17 retention of fetal placenta(RFM) bovines in the ambient area of AKesu, and their pathogenicity were tested by VITEK32 for biochemical identification and sensitivity text. Results showed that bacterial was isolated from the dairy with retained placenta.The isolated bacteria included Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus cohnii, Shigella dysenteriae. Drug sensitivity test results showed that,antibiotics was still a good drug for the treatment of RFM.

Infections of Swine Lungworm on Swine from Abattoirs of Hunan

LI Xi;

2010, 37(12): 189-190.

Abstract ( 1194 )

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In order to study the infection of swine lungworm on swine in Hunan, pigs from 3 abattoirs were surveyed by experimental examination. The infection rates of swine lungworm from the different districts in the same year were compared and the result were A（5. 93%）＞B（4. 26%）＞C（4. 18%）. The results indicated infection of swine lungworm in pigs still existed in the area of Hunan.

Diagnosis of Canine Cystadenoma Papilliferum

WANG Long-tao;GE Chen-xia;MA Lei;XIANG Xiu-li;HU Gui-xue

2010, 37(12): 191-192.

Abstract ( 1262 )

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The physical diagnosis which contains the general examination and B-Scan were carried out for the feeble dog who was nearly 8. Because the expectant treatment was ineffectual so we decided to carry out the operation. Then the lump was fixed by 10％ formalin. The paraffin section was made to observe the change of this abnormal tissue. Eventually, the final diagnosis showed that this old dog suffered from cystadenoma papilliferum. This thesis discussed the etiological factor, the pathologic mechanism, the diagnostic methods and treatment method of this disease.

Research Progress in the Multifunctional NS1 Protein of Influenza A Viruses

LIU Gui-sheng;LUO Qing-ping;FENG Zheng;MEI Shu-qi

2010, 37(12): 193-209.

Abstract ( 1333 )

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A large number of recent researches show that the non-structural (A/NS1) protein of influenza A viruses is a non-essential virulence factor that has a multiple accessory functions during viral infection, which provide the important referece values for revealing the pathogenic mechanism of this zoonotic virus. Here, we review the current literature on this remarkably multifunctional viral protein, including its synthesis, structure, intracellular localization and roles in these processes such as viral replication, host innate and adaptive immune responses as well as cell signal transduction. This paper focus on the NS1-RNA and NS1-protein interactions that is fundamental to these processes. And highlight apparent strain-specific ways in which different NS1 proteins may act, in regards this, the contributions of certain NS1 functions to the pathogenicity of human and animal influenza A viruses are also discussed. Finally, we outline practical applications that future studies on NS1 may lead to, including the rational design and manufacture of influenza vaccines, the development of novel antiviral drugs, and the use of oncolytic influenza A viruses as potential anti-cancer agents. By the way, A/NS1 is compared with the NS1 of influenza B/C viruses.

The PCR Diagnosis and Pathological Observation of Gosling Plague

GE Chen-xia;WANG Long-tao;ZHANG Jia-li;MA Lei;HU Gui-xue

2010, 37(12): 210-211.

Abstract ( 1186 )

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PCR test for livers of 2 dead geese that suspected goose parvovirus infection, amplified 375 bp specific bangs which agreed with the desired results. The organization, such as lung, spleen and intestinal canal, were taken into 10% formaldehyde solution, paraffin embedding, HE dyeing and histologic analysis. The results showed that the intestinal in cellulose-enteritis lesions; the substantial cells in lungs, liver, kidney and brain were in different degree of damage.

Clinical Cases and Treatment of Acute Necrotizing Gastroenteritis Caused by Clostridium welchii in Rex Rabbit

TIAN Shu-qin;DENG Xiao-ting;CHEN Chao-xi

2010, 37(12): 217-218.

Abstract ( 1270 )

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Based on the clinical manifestations, pathological anatomy, blood smear and mucosa smear analysis in diseased Rex rabbit, and microscopic examination revealed short and rod-like Gram-positive bacteria with the characteristic in pairs or chain, oval spores and capsule, which primarily confirmed as acute necrotizing gastroenteritis caused by Clostridium welchii. 0.3 mL 5% Florfenicol injection were administrated to sick Rex rabbit by intramuscular injection kg per body weight, once a day, and a three-day separate therapy was performed; while prevention measure was adopted on healthy Rex rabbit by drinking water at the same time and satisfactory effects were obtained.

The Review of Aleutian Disease of Mink

WANG Ke-xiang;LIU Yong-kui;SUN Hong-lei

2010, 37(12): 223-225.

Abstract ( 1207 )

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Aleutian disease of mink, caused by Aleutian mink disease parvovirus, is a chronic, infective disease causing serious lost in cultivation of mink. Until now, there is still no vaccine used in preventing ADM successfully, neither a process is effective in curing ADM, the only way is to eliminate through selection by special inspection. In this paper, the characteristic of Aleutian virus, mechanism of mink aleutian disease and how to prevent and cure this disease are reviewed.

The Research of Locating DON in Liver with Streptavidin-perrosidase Method

LIU Ben-jie;NIU Geng-zhi;HE Min;LU Pei-cheng;ZHANG Man-yu;QIAN Hui-hui;MA Hong-na;DENG Xian-bo

2010, 37(12): 226-228.

Abstract ( 1212 )

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Deoxynivalenol (DON) contamination of grains is a worldwide phenomenon. Pig is the most susceptible animal to DON. In this research, 10 healthy clean pigs were divided into 2 groups randomly. One group was given DON from breast vein with a dose of 75 μg/kg b.w.,while the other group using sodium chloride. 30 min after the intravenous(IV) administration, pigs were killed and liver tissue samples were taken out quickly. Streptavidin-perrosidase(SP) method was used to detect the DON in liver. The positioning study of SP method showed that DON could be seen in liver’s portal area(interlobular veins). This research studied the distribution of deoxynivalenol in organs and tissues of pig, offering the source for the research of residue of toxin.

The Detection of Canine Distemper Virus by Dot blotting Hybridization

ZHANG Yong-xia;WANG Jin-fu;ZHANG Si-qing

2010, 37(12): 229-231.

Abstract ( 1143 )

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N protein is the major forming element of nucleocapsid of CDV and is also a conservative immunogenicity protein. A digoxin labeled probe prepared by enzyme digesting recombinant plasmid of CDV N protein and gel reclaiming targeting DNA was used to detect blenna narium of 40 suspected cases of CD and to detect spleen, liver, heart, lung, kidney and blood of 20 dead cases of CD by dot blotting hybridization. Results showed that among 40 suspected cases of CD, 33 cases were positive and positive rate was 82.5%. This rate was higher than that of colloid gold test paper detection. Virus relevance ratio of spleen was the highest among different tissues of detection. Above results showed that dot blotting hybridization had very important application value in early diagnosis and epidemiological investigation of CDV.

Detection of Brucellosis in Experimentally Infected Cattles with Immunohistochemical Method

LI Yong;;XIA Zhi-ping;LIU Wen;;ZHANG Ning;;LI Zhi-ping;HU Le-peng; QU Xue-qi;BAI Xue;MEI Lin;GAO Ying-jie

2010, 37(12): 232-234.

Abstract ( 1179 )

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The healthy conventional cattles were inoculated subcutaneouly with different CFU of Brucella abortus strain, the cattles were necropsy on day post inoculation. Tissues were collected for preparing tissue sections and immunohistochemistry protocol was developed to detect distribution of B.abortus bacterium in tissue samples. Results showed that in liver, spleen, kidney and lymphoid tissues were positive for B.abortus antigen. Positive signals also presented in lung, mandibular lymph node. Other tissues such as heart and control were negative for antigen. B.abortus antigens were localized predominately in the cytoplasm of the infected cells and rarely observed in the nucleus of the cells.

Different Methods of Detecting Animal Cell Apoptosis in Large-scale Culture

WU Fa-ju;LIU Xue-rong;;SHANG Yong-liang;AN Fang-lan;DONG Wen-jiao; SONG Yu-xia;DONG Jin-jie;CHEN Miao-miao;MU Ke-bin;

2010, 37(12): 235-238.

Abstract ( 1128 )

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In order to investigate the detection methods of the cell apoptosis in large-scale culture, with different concentrations chloride inducing BHK-21 cell apoptosis, collecting cells every 12 hours. Using the methods of trypan blue morphology, acridine orange and ethidium bromide double fluorescent staining, FITC-Annexin V/PI double cytometry to detect cell apoptosis. The results showed that the method of acridine orange and fluorescence microscope observation, in situ Nick-End labeling, DNA gel electrophoresis, flow cytometry to detect cell apoptosis. The results showed that the method of acridine orange and ethidium bromide double fluorescent staining is a simple and easy and accurate, comprehensive qualitative cell apoptosis relatively reliable method, and FITC-Annexin V/PI double dyeing flow cytometric is the ideal apoptosis quantitative detection methods, to specific, accurate method of detecting cell apoptosis. Therefore, according to the actual situation uniting and selecting the method flexibly in the study of cell apoptosis.

Monitoring on Virus Antibody Level of Avian Influenza H9 Subtype in Large Scale Henneries of Northwest Hubei Region

XIONG Jiang-lin;ZHOU Hua-lin;WANG Chang-yi;TAN Hua-xiang; WANG Tao;WANG Zhi-qiang

2010, 37(12): 239-241.

Abstract ( 1387 )

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The aim was to know about the immune level for AI in Northwest Hubei region. 2311 blood samples were selected from chickens that were inoculated with AIV H9 vaccine in 65 large scale henneries of Northwest Hubei region from Aug 2007 to May 2010. The monitoring and investigation were conducted on serum AI H9 antibody level of chickens by using ELISA method. The investigation showed that in 2007 inspected 135 serums, the positive number was 104, with total positive rate of 77.0%, in which, samples with strong positive antibody were 83, making up 61.5%; in 2008 inspected 985 serums, the positive number was 883, with total positive rate of 89.6%,in which, samples with strong positive antibody were 732, making up 74.3%; in 2009 inspected 433 serums,the positive number was 348, with total positive rate of 80.4%,in which, samples with strong positive antibody were 277, making up 64.0%; in 2010（till May） inspected 758 serums, the positive number was 638, with total positive rate of 84.2%, in which, samples with strong positive antibody were 575, making up 75.6%. The statistic analysis indicated that, of inspected 11 henneries in 2007, there were 4 henneries that had the qualified rate of herd immunity of 75%, accounting for 36.4%; of inspected 25 henneries in 2008, there were 21 henneries that had the qualified rate of herd immunity of 75%, accounting for 84.0%; of inspected 16 henneries in 2009, there were 12 henneries that had the qualified rate of herd immunity of 75%, accounting for 75.0%. The investigation indicated that although strong positive rate of AIV H9 antibody level was relatively low in 2007, the rate had made an obvious increase from Jan 2008 to May 2010. Only partly inspected henneries were in good immune condition, and there were a big difference toward qualified rate of each henneries.

The Research on the Detection of Pathogens in Chicken’s Fermented Excrement

HU Xiao-miao;ZHANG Dan-jun;ZHAO Rui-hong;DAI Yin;PAN Xiao-cheng

2010, 37(12): 242-243.

Abstract ( 1051 )

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The chicken’s fermented excrement has been widely used as the reused feed or the manure, the detection of its pathogens is especially important, so the research on the detection of E.coli and Salmonella in fresh excrement and fermented excrement was carried. The results showed that the CFU of E.coli decreased from 3.67×107/g to 6.33×105/g after fermentation and no Salmonella in fermented samples were detected. The difference was very significant (P<0.01) as compared with the samples before fermentation, this showed the detection was feasible.

The Stability of Tilmicosin in Acid and Alkali

WU Li;CHEN Bao-ni;FENG Bao-yi;LI Mei-di;ZHUO Qu

2010, 37(12): 244-245.

Abstract ( 1647 )

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In order to optimize the stability of Tilmicosin in acid and alkali, the contents of Tilmicosin were determined by HPLC to estimate the degradation of Tilmicosin in different pH conditions. The results showed that Tilmicosin was stable in pH 2 to 7.4.The degradations of Tilmicosin in pH 0.5 and pH 13 were 11.4% and 50.2%, respectively. Tilmicosin was not stable in concentrated acid and alkali,it would be partial degradable.

Study on the Relationship between Temperature-humidity and the Reproductive Competence of Ewes

DENG Yu-ying;YU Xing-feng;JIANG Ming-sheng;CHEN Gui-xian;CHEN Xing-qian

2010, 37(12): 249-251.

Abstract ( 1149 )

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The effects of the temperature and relative humidity on six reproductive performance indicators of 686 Longlin goats from 2006 to 2007 were studied using the methods of correlation and curve regression analysis. The results showed that the extremely low or high temperature exerts an unfavorable effect on the reproductive competence of ewes and the high temperature and moisture have the greatest influence on them.goat；temperature；relative humidity；reproduction competence.

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