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Table of Content

20 October 2011, Volume 38 Issue 10
动物营养与饲料科学
Effect of Bacillus Preparation on performance,Serum related Index, Cecal Flora of Layers
XIN Na;DIAO Qi-yu;ZHANG Nai-feng;ZHANG Yong-fa;ZHOU Meng;SHA Huai-zhong
2011, 38(10):  5-9. 
Abstract ( 647 )  
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This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of Bacillus preparation on performance, serum related index, cecal flora in layers. Three thousand and six hundred 259-day- old 'jing fen yi hao' layers were randomly divided into 2 groups, with 6 replications per group and 300 layers each replication. Layers in control group were fed basal diet. The trail groups were fed diet supplemented with 3% Bacillus preparation. The experiment lasted for 40 d. On day 41,three layers was selected from each replication, blood from wing vein were obtained and used to determine serum related index, then a layer were slaughtered, cecal was collected to determine contents of Escherichia coli and Lactobacillus. The results showed:①there was no significant effect of Bacillus preparation on performance of layers;②there was no significant effect of Bacillus preparation on serum related index,except that the content of serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) was significantly improved(P<0.05);③the diet added with Bacillus preparation significantly reduced the contents of Escherichia coli in cecal(P<0.05), and increased the contents of Lactobacillus in cecal(P>0.05). It was concluded that supplementation of Bacillus preparation in diets increased the antioxidant capacity and improve intestine microbial flora of layers.
Effects of Compound Chinese Herbal on Growth Performance and Immune Function of Piglets
LI Yu;CHEN Liang;MENG Qing-juan;ZHANG Zi-guang;FENG Shi-bin;HAN Chun-yang;WANG Xi-chun;WU Jin-jie
2011, 38(10):  9-13. 
Abstract ( 630 )  
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Different dosages of compound Chinese herbal were supplemented to the water to study the growth performance and immune function of piglets. Forty-eight 'Duroc× Landrance × Yorkshire' crossbred piglets (15 d±2 d) were randomly divided into 4 groups of 12 piglets each by weight and sex. At 15 days of age, piglets were drunk with tap water in control group,tap water+0.5 g/100 mL compound Chinese herbal in group Ⅰ, tap water +1.0 g/100 mL compound Chinese herbal in group Ⅱ and tap water +1.5 g/100 mL compound Chinese herbal in group Ⅲ respectively. The trial was conducted for 30 d. Body absolute weights(AW), average daily gain (ADW), average day feed intake (ADFI) and the ratio of feed to gain(F/G) of all piglets were determined on 15, 29, 43 days of age and diarrhea rates were evaluated. Blood samples in 6 piglets from each group were taken on 15, 28, 33, 38, 43 days of age for measuring some immune indexes and the levels of hog cholera antibody. The results showed that addition of different dosages of compound Chinese herbal to the water increased significantly ADG (P<0.01) and decreased F/G and the diarrhea ratio (P<0.01 or P<0.05), T-lymphocyte transformation rate and the levels of immune glubulin were increased significantly (P<0.01), and the levels of hog cholera antibody were increased. Compound Chinese herbal supplemented to the water with a proper dosage can increase growth performance, improve the immuce function and enhance the growth of piglets.
The Effects of Stocking and Supplementing Selenium through Different Channels on Body Selenium Contents and Carcass Characteristics of Chickens
DUAN Ye-hui;LI Li-li;ZHANG Bin;DENG Shi-lin;WANG Sheng-ping;FAN Jue-xin;LIU Zhi-qiang;LIU Xu
2011, 38(10):  14-17. 
Abstract ( 530 )  
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2000 chickens of one day old, were selected and then randomly divided into two groups.In the experimental group, chickens were stocked and supplemented selenium through different channels. In the control group,chickens were stocked under the same condition,but were not supplemented selenium. Compare selenium contents of chest muscles, sternum, liver and serum of the two groups,and then study the difference. At the same time,study the effects of supplementing selenium on the chest nutrients, carcass characteristics and organ coefficient. The results showed that the amount of selenium in chest muscles, sternum, liver and serum of the experimental group chickens was extremely higher than that of the other group chickens (P <0.01),but there was no significant difference in the chest nutrients, carcass characteristics and organ coefficient between the two groups(P> 0.05).
Research Progress of Straw Processing Technology
WANG Kai;XIE Xiao-lai;WANG Chang-ping
2011, 38(10):  17-22. 
Abstract ( 974 )  
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This paper introduces the research progress of processing technology through physics, chemistry, biology and composite straw treatment method at home and in abroad. Among these methods it emphasizes on the most widely used ones which are ammoniating method of chemical method ,silage method in biology.It also makes a brief introduction of the advantages in production with the composite treatment method.
Effect of Acidifier on Intestinal Mucosal Morphology, Microflora and Volatile Fatty Acids of Early Weaned Piglets
CHEN Bao-jiang;JING Cui;YU Hui-min;JIN Dong-hang;XU Qing;LU Na
2011, 38(10):  23-26. 
Abstract ( 609 )  
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To determine the effect of acidifiers on intestinal mucosal morphology, microflora and volatile fatty acids of early weaned piglets, 90 early weaned piglets (7.5 kg±0.15 kg) were divided into three groups with 6 replications 5 each. Diet were mixed with 0, 0.2%, 0.4% acidifiers respectively. The results showed that acidifier reduce the pH value of the stomach and duodenum significantly (P<0.05) while the effect decreased as the chyme moved backward; it increased the amount of Lactobacilli and total anaerobic organism (P<0.05) while decreased E.coli and total aerobic organism; it significantly increased butyric acid and pentanoic acid concentration of colon chyme (P<0.05) while decreased acetic acid content (P<0.05);it promoted the growth of the jejunum intestinal villi (P<0.05) to increased the intestinal absorption area.
Research Progress on Comprehensive Utilization of the Potato Pulp
WANG Dian;WANG Jia-qi;ZHANG Yang-dong;BU Deng-pan;ZHOU Ling-yun
2011, 38(10):  27-30. 
Abstract ( 617 )  
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Potato pulp, a byproduct of potato starch production, contains useful starch, cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin and some proteins, but is also of high moisture, contains more impurity bacterium and belongs to easy- decay materials. The components and characteristics of potato pulp are introduced and the research progress of development and utilization in recent years are reviewed in this article.
The Biological Effects of Conjugated Linoleic Acid and its Use as Supplements in Pig Diets
HUO Yin-qiang;TANG Shang-wen
2011, 38(10):  30-33. 
Abstract ( 506 )  
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Conjugated linoleic acid is a generic term for a group of polyunsaturated fatty acids that exist as positional and stereoisomers of linoleic acid.It acts as a growth factor to promote a repartitioning of fat to lean,lower blood lipids,and shows anticarcinogenic,and antiatherogenic properties. In the present paper,we present sourece and preparation of CLA ,discuss current knowledge of the role of CLA in animal physiology and health,review advances in its application in pig.
生理生化
Progress of Mammary Epithelial Cells Culture in vitro
ZHANG Yan;DU Wei-hua;HAO Hai-sheng;ZHAO Xue ming;WANG Dong;QIN Tong;LIU Yan;ZHU Hua-bin
2011, 38(10):  34-38. 
Abstract ( 534 )  
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Mammary gland epithelial cells have special functions of synthesis and lactation. These functions make them mammary bioreactor harrow cell. Experimental model made from mammary gland epithelial cells could actually response many biology mechanisms, such as mammoplasia,development, lactotroph, and validate if the construction of tissue specificity expression vector is rational and effective. It relates to cell biology, developmental biology,endocrinology, biochemistry and molecular biology and other fields. It is significant to the gland bioreractor, and the research of the lactoprotein gene expression. This article analyze the culture method of mammary epithelial cells.
Preliminary Study on Culture Condition in vitro of Kunming MouseEmbryonic Fibroblasts
CAO Jun-xin;SONG Xue-xiong;SUN Wang-wu;TANG Yuan-feng
2011, 38(10):  39-44. 
Abstract ( 582 )  
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To establish a stable culture system of mouse embryonic fibroblast(MEF),in order to construct of MEF feeder layers in vitro and somatic cell nuclear transfer technique nuclei donor build platform. The mouse primary embryonic fibroblasts were isolated from mouse fetus of Kunming white at different gestational ages. According to the influence of different serum and trypsin digestion time on MEF, the growth behavior and the characteristics of MEF were studied. Results showed that, in the form of four gestational ages 8.5 d, 10.5 d, 12.5 d, 14.5 d trials, the optimal gestational age for isolation of MEF was 12.5 d;in the form of five serum concentrations 7%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 13% trials, add 11% tire bovine serum concentration was the best, multiplication factor from 3 to 5 stable at around 1.35. These results indicated that the use of 12.5 d fetal rats, trypsin digestion 5 to 10 min and in serum containing 11% DMEM medium MEF cells in training. The original generation and nestin was better. MEF (3 to 5 generations) were quite suited to be a feeder layer and somatic cell nuclear transfer technique nucleic donor.
Effect of Glycyl-Glutamine and Taurine on the Immune Function of Peripheral Blood in Early Weaned Piglets
ZHANG Jian-bin;CHE Xiang-rong;CHEN Juan-juan
2011, 38(10):  45-47. 
Abstract ( 600 )  
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The aim of the research was to evaluate the effects of glycyl-glutamin and taurine on the immune function of peripheral blood in early weaned piglets. With 28-day-old Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire weaned piglets as research objects,the effect of the glycyl-glutamin and taurine on the T cell positive rate of periphery blood by ANAE staining and B cell positive rate of peripHery blood by RNA staining in weaned piglets through feeding experiment.The results showed that compared with group CT,the activities of T, B lymphocytes were improved in Gly-Gln group, Tau group and G+T group vs the control group. Therefore, separately adding 0.25% Gly-Gln or 0.1% Tau was able to efficiently improve T and B lymph ocyte cell positive in piglet.
Changes of Serum Biochemical Indexes in Ducklings Infected with Duck Hepatitis Virus
CHEN Yang;LI Xiu;HUANG Zheng-yang;BAI Hao;ZHEN Ting;XU Qi;CHEN Guo-hong
2011, 38(10):  48-50. 
Abstract ( 553 )  
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The 3-days-old healthy Jinding ducklings were infected artificially with duck hepatitis virus type Ⅰ in this experiment. At 48 hours after inoculation,9 serum biochemical indexes were measured,including the GLU,ALT,AST,and so on. The results showed that the content of ALT increased extremely significantly (P<0.01) and the content of BUN increased significantly (P<0.05),compared with the control group,the content of GLU and IgG were lower,but not significant (P>0.05), the content of AST, TG,UA,IgA and IgM were higher a little (P>0.05). The results revealed that after the viral hepatitis infected Jinding ducklings,the liver and kidney received the varying degree damage.
Advances on the Regulation Mechanism of Growth Hormone/IGF-Ⅰ Axis
GU Zhi-liang;WANG Hui-juan;YU Jian-feng
2011, 38(10):  50-54. 
Abstract ( 556 )  
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The growth axis is a neuroendocrine system, which is composed of series of hormones and their receptors from the hypothalamus-pituitary-target organ in vivo of animals. Increasing the GH and IGF-Ⅰ levels in the growth axis, to promote weight gain, feed conversion rate and improve meat quality, which is a new approach of animal growth regulation. GH mediated by IGF-Ⅰ regulates animal growth and cell differentiation. We will discuss the constitution and function of GH/IGF-Ⅰ axis, and mechanism of growth hormone regulation of IGF-Ⅰ expression in this review.
生物技术
The Expression and Antigenicity Analysis of the Major Antigenic Epitopes of South-Africa Serotype Ⅱ FMDV
LIN Xiang-mei;DENG Jun-hua;WANG Cai-xia;WU Shao-qiang
2011, 38(10):  55-58. 
Abstract ( 581 )  
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To develop SAT Ⅱ-specific FMDV serological diagnostic method, six peptides verified to be with good antigenicity in the former study were linked by flexible amino acid linker GS or PPPS, the related nucleotides were synthesized and expressed in vitro by cloning into vector pGEX-6P-1 and inducing with IPTG. The specificity of the expressed GST fusion protein was examined by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting analysis using anti-GST sera and antiserum against SAT Ⅱ FMDV.The fusion protein was purified by GST affinity chromatography purification system and excised on column. The antigenicity of purified protein VP1-VP3 was examined using the developed indirect ELISA assay. PCR and DNA sequencing results showed that the gene VP1-VP3 had been integrated accurately into vector pGEX-6P-1. SDS-PAGE showed that the fusion protein was 38.3 ku in size and existed in the form of insoluble inclusion body. Western blotting analysis results indicated that the fusion protein was with good specificity. Indirect-ELISA results showed that the VP1-VP3 protein had good antigenicity. The successful expression of mass-peptide will lay the foundations for the latter establishment of serological diagnostic methods for SAT Ⅱ FMDV inspection.
Genotyping of Two Strains of Giardia from Dogs by tpi Gene
ZHANG Ping;ZHU Hai-bo;LI Jie;LI Jin-ping;LIU Yuan-jia;GUO Jian-chao;MENG Xiang-long;LI Guo-qing
2011, 38(10):  59-62. 
Abstract ( 532 )  
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Two strains of Giardia (GD1 and GD2) isolated from feces of naturally infected dogs in Guangdong were genotyped by nested PCR of tpi gene. The genomic DNA of Giardia identified by the iodine staining was extracted and the tpi gene was amplified by using nested PCR assay. The BLAST and DNAStar softwares were used to analyze their homology and phylogeny. As demonstrated by tpi gene analysis,the homology of GD1 strain with L02120 was 100%,and they situated at the same branch of the phylogenic tree,while that of GD2 strain with DQ220289 was 99.1%,they were also at the same branch of the phylogenic tree. It is concluded that the genotype of GD1 strain is assemblage AⅠ,having the potential to infect humans,whereas that of the GD2 strain is assemblage D.
Gene Modification and Expression of Porcine Interferon Beta and Its Antiviral Activity against Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus
ZHANG Xian-hao;SU Dan-ping;ZHANG Yan-ping;JIANG Ai-xiang;HE Dong-sheng
2011, 38(10):  63-67. 
Abstract ( 543 )  
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Based on the sequences of porcine interferon-β gene and the mature gene (mPoIFNβ) available in GenBank, the gene encoding porcine interferon-β was modified for adapting codons of Pichia pastori and a recombinant vector pPICZαC-PoIFNβ was developed, while maintaining the same protein sequence of porcine interferon-β. The plasmid pPICZαC-PoIFNβ was linearized with SacⅠ and electroporated into Pichia pastoris X-33. The recombinant colonies were selected in high resistance culture of YPDS+Zeocin and identified by PCR. Induced by menthanol, a few positive clones were obtained secretory highly expressed the PoIFNβ protein with a protein concentration of 127.9 mg/L. The expressed supernatant was identified by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. On the gel and membrane there were two major protein bands with molecular weight about 25 and 28 ku and they showed positive reaction with anti-PoIFNβ antibody. The CPE suppression by PoIFNβ was tested for vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) in BHK-21 cell line and the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in Marc-145 cell line. The antiviral activity of the expressed PoIFNβ on BHK-21 cell line challenged with VSV was 2.8×103 IU/mL, and 1.6×103 IU/mL on the Marc-145 cell line challenged with PRRSV.
Progress on Candidate Genes for H-Y Antigens
TAN Qing-hui;WANG Nai-dong;XUE Li-qun
2011, 38(10):  68-73. 
Abstract ( 640 )  
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Male-specific minor histocompatibility (H-Y) antigens are encoded by genes on the Y-chromosome. Generally, the minor H-Y antigens are ubiquitously expressed in male cells including fetal and trophoblast cells. It causes rejection of male tissue grafts by genotypically identical female mice and contributes to graft rejection or graft-versus-host (GVH) disease after HLA-identical stem cell transplantation. Cytotoxicity lymphocytic cells detected several distinct H-Y epitopes, and these are probably peptides, derived from intracellular protein, that are presented at the cell surface with major histocompatibility complex molecules. Processed peptide fragments of the H-Y proteins bind to HLA class Ⅰand class Ⅱ molecules and are presented to the immune system, and finally their possible impact on the outcome of transplantation. In recent years , more and more studies of the H-Y antigen were reported in the research. This review reflects some candidate genes of encoding male-specific histocompatibility antigen, and the foregrounds of the research in human and diseases are prospected.
Cloning and Sequencing of DRD2 Gene in Blue Fox
REN Er-jun;LIU Zong-yue;ZHAO Zi-yu;XING Xiu-mei;YANG Fu-he
2011, 38(10):  73-75. 
Abstract ( 532 )  
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Dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2) gene in blue fox was cloned and sequenced,in order to provide theoretical foundation for further research of the correlation of DRD2 gene in self-biting behavior of blue fox and location. DRD2 gene of fox was amplified using particular primers,cloned by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method and sequenced. The length of DRD2 gene in fox was 819 bp. Comparison of the fragment sequence with that of other mammal animals DRD2 gene was carried out through BLAST in GenBank. The results showed that the homologies of the nucleotide sequence with dog,mink,human and rat were 85% to 91%,DRD2 gene of blue fox was successfully cloned in this study,indicating it was quite conservative among species.
Mono-specific Serum Preparation of gp85 Gene of Subgroup J Avian Leukosis Virus
LIANG Yi-yu;FENG Shao-zhen;SHI Wei-wei;LIU Hong-bo;WAMG Xiao-fen;LI Yu-hao;LIAO Ming;CAO Wei-sheng
2011, 38(10):  76-81. 
Abstract ( 538 )  
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Avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J) is widespread in China,causes great damage to China's poultry industry.There is no effective methods of prevention and therapy of avian leukosis,but purification control. So,researching a low-cost,easy-to-promote way for specific detection of ALV-J is important.In this study,the ALV-J ZH-08 strain was inoculated into DF1 cells,an ALV-J gp85 DNA fragment of 941 bp was amplified from infected cells and inserted into pET32a(+) plasmid at the location between restriction endonucleases Nco Ⅰ and Hind Ⅲ sites. The recombinant plasmid pET32a-gp85 was transformed into E coli. BL21 for gp85 gene expression,and separated by using SDS-PAGE. Target protein was isolated by cutting the gel slices that contain the right band. With purified recombinant gp85 protein as antigen,mono-specific serum against gp85 would be produced afterward.The results demonstrated that good antigenic protein was made,and high titer serum (above 1.024×105) was prepared by this method. It showed a reference for preparation of mono-specific antiserum,laid the basis for gp85 protein researching and ALV-J specific detection method establishment.This study has high value for ALV-J purification.
Construction and Expression of Recombinant Baculovirus with P1-2A Gene of Serotype O Foot-and-mouth Disease Virus
LIAO De-fang;XIN Ai-guo;GAO Hua-feng;MIAO Hai-sheng;GAO Lin;ZHU Ming-wang;LI Hua-chun
2011, 38(10):  81-85. 
Abstract ( 575 )  
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Based on the known nucleotide sequence of FMDV gene, P1-2A gene primer was designed and synthesized. P1-2A gene was amplified by RT-PCR. The gene was then cloned into pMD18-T plasmid. The recombinant plasmids were sequenced and cloned into transfer vector pFastBacTMDual. The transfer plasmid pFastBac-P12A was constructed. pFastBac-P12A was further transferred into receptor DH10Bac bacteria containing a shuttle vector Bacmid. The recombinant plasmid Bacmid-P12A was obtained by selection, then was trans-infected into Sf9 insect cells. The recombinant baculovirus which expressing serotype O FMDV P1-2A gene was harvested. The Sf9 cells were trans-infected with recombinant baculovirus expressing serotype O FMDV P1-2A gene and showed typical CPE. The cells were harvested and tested by FMDV Dot blotting and SDS-PAGE analysis. Results indicated that the serotype O FMDV P1-2A gene expressed in Sf9 cells and the P1-2A protein antigen was specific to serotype O FMDV.
Cloning and Sequence Analysis of ESBLs Gene from Escherichia coli in Chicken
ZHANG Xiao-feng;ZHANG Chun-hui;YU Shun-zhou
2011, 38(10):  86-88. 
Abstract ( 515 )  
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To purified the isolated E.coli in chickens from different area in Henan, screen phenotype for ESBLs according to NCCLS standards and the double-disc synergy method. Then according to sequences published in GenBank, designed two pairs of primers. The bacteria producing ESBLs were chose, extracted the total DNA, amplified with PCR,cloned, sequenced and analyzed. The results showed the three determinated sequences had 98.9% to 99.7% nucleotide sequence homology with the two reference sequence, amino homology was 98.1% to 99.2%. And there were 15 nucleotide mutations and 6 mutations of amino in the 3 determinated sequences.
Studies on Transfection of Anti-swine Fever Virus Gene into Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts (MEF) Mediated by LiPosome
SUN Wang-wu;CAO Jun-xin;SONG Xue-xiong
2011, 38(10):  88-93. 
Abstract ( 558 )  
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The study aimed to investigate the conditions of transfection of the anti-classical swine fever virus gene recombination Plasmid PGPUG/GFP/Neo into the mouse embryonic fibroblasts mediated by liPosome, in order to Provide the technical Platform for construction of animal disease model and transgenic Pigs against classical swine fever virus.In this study, different methods of isolation and culture of mouse embryonic fibroblasts were comPared, and transfected the anti-classical swine fever virus gene recombination Plasmid PGPUG/GFP/Neo into the 3 to 5 generation of fetal fibroblast cells mediated by liPosome (LiPofectamineTM 2000). The results showed that, in different concentrations of liPosomes, recombinant Plasmid and different combinations of transfection time used in this sdudy, it was obtained 19% transfection rate in 2 μL liPosome and 1.5 μg recombinant Plasmid, incubated 6 h of combination, it was significantly higher than the other combinations(P<0.05). The results indicated that, the anti-classical swine fever virus gene recombination Plasmid PGPUG/GFP/Neo could be effectively transfected into mouse embryonic fibroblasts mediated by oPtimal combinations of liPosomes, recombinant Plasmid and transfection time.
Establishment of PCR Method to Detect gG Gene of Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis Virus
WANG Bing;;ZHANG Min-min;ZOU Xin-feng;GUO Ai-zhen;
2011, 38(10):  94-98. 
Abstract ( 493 )  
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The specific primers were designed according to the published sequence of the infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (IBRV)gG gene. The method could amplify a specific IBRV fragment of 463 bp for IBRV reference strain and the IBRV positive samples. For bovine herpesvirus 5,it amplified two bands of 651 bp and 431 bp;for pseudorabies,the PCR product is a fragment of 493 bp. However,this PCR did not yield any product for non-related viruses such as porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. The sensitivity for IBRV was 2×10-3 PFU/mL. Since this PCR has good sensitivity and specificity,it would have a wide application in diagnosis of bovine herpesvirus infection and differential detection among the members of herpesviruses and between natural infection and vaccination of gG deleted marker vaccine. A PCR method was established successfully to detect infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (IBRV) and differentiate bovine herpesviruses.
遗传繁育
Studies on Effects of Cryopreserve Epididymal Spermatozoa Retrieved after Death on Cashmere Goat of Inner Mongolia
CHAI Ju;ZHANG Yan-jun;ZHANG Jia-xin;GAO Ri-ming;MENG Kegerile;WANG Hui-mei;ZHANG Wen-guang;LI Jin-quan
2011, 38(10):  99-105. 
Abstract ( 598 )  
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In this study, experiment results showed that after postmortem cooling the environment in three different collection of epididymal and testicular frozen dead animals 22 hours later,at room temperature (19 ℃) collection of sperm (treatment 1) was the best effect, 55.0%± 3.4%motile, frozen-thawed sperm. At 4 ℃ to collect sperm motility (treatment 2) was 35.0%±2.5%, collected at 37 ℃ (treatment 3) sperm motility, was 23.0%±2.5%. Through two stages of treatment group indicators of sperm the determination of the sperm motility and sperm of other indicators of the relationship between the cashmere goats obtained sperm can successfully saved.
Genetic Diversity of Microsatellite DNA in Nine Sheep Breeds
LOU Yuan-gen;LIU Chou-sheng;LIU Jian-xue;LIU Gang;HAN Xu
2011, 38(10):  106-112. 
Abstract ( 602 )  
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The genetic diversity of nine Chinese indigenous sheep breeds were analyzed with fluorescence PCR using 10 microsatellite markers recommended by the FAO and ISGA. The results showed that 153 alleles were detected on 10 microsatellite loci, the effective number of which ranged from 2.3064 to 13.7632,and the loci polymorphism information content and heterozygosity varied from 0.5395 to 0.8559 and from 0.3972 to 0.8475, with locus genetic differentiation in the range from 0.042 to 0.149. The conclusion of the genetic structure relationship and DA / UPGMA dendrogram and MVSP cluster analysis diagram was basically consistent with sheep origin and evolution and genetic relationship and geographic distribution.
Developmental Changes of the H3.3 Gene Expression in Longissimus Muscle of F1 Generation of Reciprocal Cross Pigs
DING Ren-bo;SU Hao;HU Yao-dong;SHI Rui;GAO Shu-wen;WANG Li-juan
2011, 38(10):  113-117. 
Abstract ( 499 )  
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To understand the developmental rules of histone variant H3.3 gene expression of pigs, we detected the expressional level of swine muscle issue under different ages and reciprocal cross. The rusults showed that the H3.3 gene were expressed in longissimus muscle in different periods after birth and the expression substantially growed in number with increasing age. There was difference between reciprocal cross pigs: anti-cross (Erhualian♂×Yorkshire♀) group of one-day age expressed greater than the orthogonal (Yorkshire♂×Erhualian♀) group;expression of the orthogonal group were higher than the anti-cross group after 20 days, while there was no significant difference in expression of orthogonal group and anti-cross group uder the same period. Our study confirmed histone variant H3.3 incoorporate in the swine muscle issue and obtain developmental rules of H3.3 expression in muscle cells and to further study the replacement of histione variants on eukaryotic cell growth and development-related gene regulation and modification of basis for the study of molecular mechanisms.
Genetic Polymorphism of the Exon 2 of MHC-DQB Gene in Yunnan Humped Cattle
YU Wen-hai;LU Shao-xiong;HE Zhan-long;LIU Hong-wen;LU Run-feng;JIN Jian-bin
2011, 38(10):  117-121. 
Abstract ( 602 )  
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In this paper, the genetic polymorphism of the exon 2 of MHC-DQB gene was investigated by directly sequencing and PCR-RFLP in Yunnan humped cattle. Homology of the nucleotide acid sequences was analysis by DNAMAN software. The results showed that 17 alleles were found in this experiment,10 kinds of genotypes and 5 (A, B, C, D, E) alleles were found with enzyme Hae Ⅲ;22 kinds of genotypes and 11 (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K) alleles were found with enzyme RsaⅠ;only one kind of genotype were found with enzyme TaqⅠ. Polymorphic sites were detected at base position 12, 25, 63, 96, 106, 126, 152, 156, 165 and 204. The results showed that there were same lengths (270 bp) of gene fragment in various species, but there was a nucleotide missing at position 224 and a nucleotide insertion at position 236 in Yunnan humped cattle. The homology between Yunnan humped cattle and human, swine, horse, sheep, Yellow cattle × Zebuand were 81.4%, 83.3%, 78.1%, 87.7% and 86.6%, respectively. The results of χ2 test showed that the polymorphic loci of Hae Ⅲ and TaqⅠwere in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P>0.05), but the locus of RsaⅠ was not in equilibrium (P<0.05).
High Density SNP Chip Impacts Beef Cattle Breeding
ZHANG Qing-feng;QIN Qiao-mei
2011, 38(10):  122-124. 
Abstract ( 623 )  
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Recent advancements in sequencing and genotyping technologies have promoted a rapid revolution in methods for beef cattle selection. Genotyping assays efficiency has been improved greatly, from the past restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers that were low-throughput, time consuming to the newest high-density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) assays. As the cattle genome sequence map and SNP map were finished, cattle genome wide selection that was based on the high density SNP chip became a new research hot for cattle breeding. This paper that based on the high density SNP chip on beef cattle breeding effects, reviewed high-density SNP chip technology, next generation sequencing and beef cattle genome wide selection of research. The paper also elucidated the high-density SNP chip for multiple breeds model construction of genome wide selection, and show it was extremely important that accurately predicting genomic breeding value.
The Role of Regulation of Leptin on the Puberty Onset in Animals
XIAO Yong;FAN Zhi-yong;LI Yu-lian;CHEN Yong-hui;WU Xiao-song;HE Jian-hua
2011, 38(10):  125-129. 
Abstract ( 504 )  
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Leptin,a protein secreted by adipocytes,having an important regulatory role on puberty of animal. This paper systematically introduced the regulation of Leptin on puberty,focusing on the hypothalamus-pituitary-ovarian axis and its related hormones.
Study on Superovulation in Female Rabbits
YANG Jin-ji;ZHANG Shun;SHI Jin-yue;XIANG Shu;JIANG Jian-rong;WEI Ying-ming;TAN Shi-jian;SHI De-shun;LU Feng-hua
2011, 38(10):  129-131. 
Abstract ( 625 )  
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The effect factors of the superovulation in rabbit were investigated in this study. The results showed: ①The average number of oocytes recovered from FSH-treated group(30.05±8.97) was significantly higher than PMSG-treated group (22.46±5.18)(P<0.05). ② When the superovulation was conducted in seasons of Spring,Summer,Autumn and Winter,the number of recovered oocytes were 32.34±5.58, 15.96±4.11, 24.18±4.95 and 22.61±3.75,respectively,the number of recovered oocytes of the treatment group in Spring was higher than that of the other three groups (P<0.05),and there were no difference between Autumn and Winter groups(P>0.05),but both of them were higher than Summer group (P<0.05). ③ The average number of oocytes recovered from superovulation in pluriparous rabbit group(30.56±6.79) was higher than young rabbit group (21.60±3.66)(P<0.05). These results indicated that the effect of FSH on superovulation in rabbit was more effective than PMSG,and the season of spring and pluriparous rabbit were comparatively suitable for superovulation.
Recent Advances on the Signal Transduction Pathways of Apoptosis
WANG Li-jian;TIAN Ke-chuan;WU Wei-wei;XU Xin-ming;ZHANG Ting-hu;ZHANG Yan-hua;HA Ni-kezi
2011, 38(10):  132-135. 
Abstract ( 584 )  
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Apoptosis is an important physiological mechanism that organism regulates development of body, cell renewing and maintains homeostasis.In recent years, it was considered that there are three pathways in apoptosis:death receptor pathway, mitochondrion pathway and endoplasmic reticulum pathway which interact with each other and regulate apoptosis coordinately.This author summarized current knowledge of the signal transduction pathways and its regulation in apoptosis.
Advance in Molecular Biology of Peste Des Petits Ruminants Virus
DONG Hao;DUAN Xiao-bo
2011, 38(10):  135-138. 
Abstract ( 463 )  
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Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) is the etiological agent of peste des petits ruminants (PPR), which is an acute and highly contagious viral disease, mainly infectes goats, sheep, antelope and other small ruminants, is especially susceptible to goats. Cattle, pigs, etc. can also be infected with the virus, but usually appearing subclinical effect, wildlife happen once in a while. This article described the advance in the structure features of PPRV genes, the functions of the six structural protein, expressing protein in vitro and the molecular biological diagnostic techniques.
Effect of the Different Additives and the Type of Straw on Frozen-thawed Spermatozoa Quality of Boar
GU He-yong;LIU Chou-sheng;HA Fu;ZHAO Jun-jing;MENG Fei;ZHU Fang-xian;WANG Hao;ZHANG Wei-bin;CHEN Liang;
2011, 38(10):  139-142. 
Abstract ( 504 )  
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The aim of study was to investigate the effect of the different additives in freezing extender and the type of straw on frozen-thawed spermatozoa quality of boar. Different concentrations of caffeine,vitamin E and SOD was added to freezing extender,and the sperm was freezed in three type of straws. Three additives had some right effects on frozen-thawed spermatozoa quality. In this study,the concentration with the best effects was caffeine 0.2 mg/mL, vitamin E 0.4 mg/mL,SOD 300 IU/mL and the type of straw was 0.25 mL. The caffeine, antioxidant and the type of straw have some effect on frozen-thawed spermatozoa quality.
疾病防治
Development of Yolk Antibodies against Young Duck Viral Hepatitis
ZHANG Gui-rong;ZHANG Yun-ying
2011, 38(10):  142-144. 
Abstract ( 603 )  
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Selecting duck hepatitis viruses(DHV) isolated BZ-Ⅰ strain as inactivated vaccine strains, yolk antibodies were developed by the layers many times immunization. The yolk antibodies neutralization titers were 29.6 detected by chicken embryos neutralization test method. The animal experiments confirmed the yolk antibodies can be effective prevention and treatment of young duck attacks by duck hepatitis viruses(DVH) strong strains, this provides a new technology method for young duck viral hepatitis prevention.
The Research Progress about Newcastle Disease Vaccination
WU Fa-ju;LIU Xue-rong;SHANG Yong-liang;AN Fang-lan;DONG Wen-jiao;SONG Yu-xia;DONG Jin-jie;CHEN Miao-miao;MU Ke-bin;
2011, 38(10):  145-148. 
Abstract ( 527 )  
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Introduces the present situation of the application of Newcastle disease vaccination, summarizes the present and development of the inactivated vaccine, activated vaccine and genetic engineering vaccine, in order to provide scientific reference for the more concentrated, efficient, and cheap Newcastle disease vaccines and control the spread of Newcastle disease.
Clinical Diagnosis,Treatment and Preventive Measure of Respiratory Disease in Reptiles
LEI Jie;PAN Lian-de
2011, 38(10):  149-156. 
Abstract ( 544 )  
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Respiratory disease is one of the most commonly encountered disease processes in collections of captive and wild reptiles,with high morbidity and mortality. A variety of infectious and noninfectious agents have been associated with respiratory tract disease in reptiles. Commonly used diagnostic techniques include radiography,serology,lower respiratory tract lavage material culture,or endoscope. X-ray and CT,MRI is an important non-invasive diagnostic tool in reptiles medicine. SN,HI and ELISA are the most widely used semiquantitative serologic assays. Lower respiratory tract lavage samples for diagnosis of bacterial and parasitic respiratory disease. Endoscopy is a good means of direct observation of respiratory structures,at the same time to organize sampling and delivery. Only limited pharmacokinetic data are available for reptiles,and effective therapeutic levels for most antimicrobials have not been established. a broad-spectrum antimicrobial or a combination of agents effective against the most common pathogens in reptiles is initiated pending results. For example,amikacin,ceftazidime and piperacillin .If indicated based on the culture and sensitivity,appropriate changes are made. Nebulization has been advocated as an adjunct to systemic antimicrobial therapy and can be useful. According to the present situation of researching about reptiles'respiratory disease, there is a very big development space, the new techniques and measures must base on the characteristics of reptile's evolution and physiology, to guide prevention, diagnosis and treatment.
Prevalence of oqxAB Multidrug Efflux Pump in Escherichia coli Isolated from Animals
TIAN Wei;ZHAO Jing-jing;DENG Yu-ting;YAO Qiong-fen;CHEN Xiao-jie;LIU Jian-hua
2011, 38(10):  156-159. 
Abstract ( 545 )  
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The oqxAB multidrug efflux pump, which confers high resistance to quinoxaline chloramphenicol and ampicillin, was discovered recently. This study investigated the prevalence of the oqxAB among Escherichia coli isolated from different origins and analysed the influence on resistance. A total of 655 strains were isolated in Guangdong province from 2007 to 2009, including 219 from swine, 40 from bovine, 205 from duck and 191 from chicken. All of the strains were screened for oqxAB gene by PCR. Susceptibility to 10 antimicrobial agents were determined by agar disc diffusion method. About 49.3% (108/219) Escherichia coli isolates from swine, 47.5% (19/40) from bovine, 60.5% (124/205) from duck, and 12.6% (24/191) from chicken were positive for oqxAB. The overall proportion of isolates harboring oqxAB was 42.0% (275/655). The isolate showed high rate of resistance to gentamicin, ampicillin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, enrofloxacin, tetracycline, reaching 68.2%, 68.7%, 70.4%, 77.9%, 80.8%, respectively. The resistance rate of ceftriaxone, tetracycline and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole had no significant effect between oqxAB-positive and negative (P>0.05). The oqxAB had significant effects on gentamicin (P<0.05) and had extremely significant effect on ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, amikacin, chloramphenicol, florfenicol and enrofloxacin (P<0.01). The prevalence of oqxAB is very common in China, which may be due to the overuse of quinoxaline.
Separation,Identification and Drug Sensitive Test of Escherichia coli from Goose
YAN Yu-lin;LEI Hua;YANG Shang-bin;ZHU Chang-fen;JIANG Huan;YANG Su-hong;HE Zhu-lin;LI Li-zhi;ZHONG Yi-guang;LIU Xiao-ke
2011, 38(10):  160-162. 
Abstract ( 527 )  
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In order to direct the treatment of goose E.coli disease and establish the foundation of preparation for the goose E.coli inactivated vaccine. The suspected cases of the goose E.coli disease were taken and separated and cultivated in MacConkey medium. The bacteria strains were obtained,and identificated by morphological assay,biochemistry assay,serotype assay,and animal experiments. Moreover,the identified E.coli were carried out by drug susceptibility test. The results showed that the strains of E.coli were pink,moist,smooth and neat in MaConkey medium,which were small,negative of Gram's staining,ends obtuse and many individual exists. The isolated bacteria were identified as E.coli,which animal experiment showed that the goose E.coli had higher infection rate and fatality rate. The 15 strains were identified by serotype assay: 4 O35 strains,3 O78 strains,3 O26 strains,2 O72 strains,1 O109 strains,1 O141 strain,1 O2 strain. In vitro antibacterial experiment results showed that Doxycycline and Amoxicillin against the above E.coli had strong inhibited effect. The research provide the theoretical foundation and significant applical value for efficientively preventing and curing goose E.coli disease.
Immune Study of a Intramuscular Injected Live Vaccine against Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae Enhanced by Different Adjuvants
XIONG Qi-yan;FAN Zhi-peng;GAN Yuan;KONG Meng;FENG Zhi-xin;LIU Mao-jun;SHAO Guo-qing
2011, 38(10):  163-168. 
Abstract ( 569 )  
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To achieve the intramuscular injection of the attenuated live vaccine against Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae,different adjuvants were applied to enhance the immunogenicity of the vaccine. Cellular and humoral immune response was detected after the immunization. The results showed that ISCOM-matrix,as well as the mixture of levamisole and chitosan,effectively increased the proliferation of PBMC and the level of serum IgG antibody. The mixture of levamisole and astragalus polysaccharide only enhanced the cellular immune response while the antibody level showed no change. No obvious enhancement was detected in saponin adjuvant group. These data would help the subsequent researches of the intramuscular inoculating method of this live vaccine.
Research on Extraction of Maxingshigan-pdr's Effects to Infectious Bronchitis Virus
ZHANG Su-hui;CAO Guo-wen;CHEN Chun-lin;QIU Jin-jie
2011, 38(10):  168-170. 
Abstract ( 500 )  
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Our laboratory according to Maxingshigan-pdr prepared three prescreptions to anti-infectious bronchitis virus(IBV),used 9-15 d chicken embryo to verificate its effction. The results of experimental interruption and inhibitory action showed that in the safe concentration range,all the three prescreptions had effects,prescreption 1 had predominance effection.
Isolation, Identification and Medicine Sensitivity Test of Staphylococcus of Dairy Cow Mastitis in Qinhai Province
YANG You-wu
2011, 38(10):  171-173. 
Abstract ( 498 )  
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Staphylococcus is one of pathogenic bacterium that inducing mastitis of dairy cow. In the research, 243 samples were collected from 18 dairy cow farms in Qinghai province. 86 Staphylococcus strains were isolated, including S.aureus 43 strains,S.xylosus and S.chromogenes 6 strains respectively, S.saproghyticus 5 strains, S.sciuri,S.cpidermidis and S.hominis 4 stains respectively, S.caplitis and S.simulans 2 trains respectively. The results indicated that S.aureus was primary pathogenic bacteria of Staphylococcus. All of Staphylococcus was hypersensitive to cephradine, amikacin and clindamycin, and partially resistant to enrofloxacin and gentamicin after K-B medicine sensitivity test.Collectively, the results laid the reference for selection of medicine to treat mastitis.
Progress of Detection Technology for the Swine Japanese Encephalitis B
ZHAO Fan-fan;YOU Wei-yun;WANG Xiao-du;GAO Li-rong;YUAN Jin-qiang;WANG Ting;ZHOU Qi
2011, 38(10):  174-180. 
Abstract ( 580 )  
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Japanese encephalitis B is a virus disease which can cause encephalitis of humans and domestic animal by Flavivirus Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infected. All of human and many animals could be infected. The swine is the most important reservoir and sower. The diseases will cause reproductive disturbance of infected swine and the pig farm often suffered severe losses. So, the scientists attempted to find a faster and more accurate method to diagnose and detect JEV. This paper makes a brief summary of methods to detect JEV, such as isolation and identification of JEV, serological methods and methods in molecular biology.
Safety and Efficacy of an Attenuated Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis Virus Vaccine
LENG Xue;GUO Li;ZHANG Shu-qin;WU Hua
2011, 38(10):  181-184. 
Abstract ( 587 )  
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The attenuated infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (IBRV) vaccine was tested for its safety and efficacy in host animals. In order to test the safety of the vaccine,one-month-old calves,6 to 8 month old calves,and heifers were inoculated with 2 mL (10 doses) of the vaccine. In the efficacy study,6 to 8 month old calves were vaccinated with single dose 1 mL of the vaccine. Then,the animals were challenged with a virulent challenge virus on 28 days post vaccination for immunogenicity of the vaccine. The results revealed that the calves of different ages did not show any clinical diseases post-vaccination. The new-born calves are normal and healthy,and no abortion,stillbirth or mummy fetus occurred in the pregnant cows. Immunogenicity study demonstrated that the vaccine provided five fifths protection to calves against the IBRV infection and clinical diseases caused by the challenge. The results indicated that the vaccine is safe and have a good efficacy to host animals.
兽医临床
The Clinical Significance of Detection Cytokines Monitoring on Chicken Immunosuppression Disease
MA Zhen-qian;WANG Jin-liang;GUO Zhen-huan;YU Xin-you;HE Jian-bin;SHEN Zhi-qiang;
2011, 38(10):  185-187. 
Abstract ( 567 )  
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Cytosine refers to a number of small molecular peptide glycoproteins, which are produced by some immune or non-immune cells which have biological activity, relating with hematopoietic and inflammation and immune response. Therefore, cytokine assays in animal-induced immunosuppressive diseases has a very important clinical significance. This paper describes the detection of cytokines, cytokine-related immune suppression and the value of cytokines detection on chicken immunosuppression disease.
Investigation on the Prevalence of Intestinal Parasites in Wild Animal Zoo
QI Meng;DONG Hai-ju;HU Lin;PENG Guang-neng;CHEN Zhi-quan;ZHOU Zhi-jin;WAN Jian-jun;JIAN Fu-chun;ZHANG Long-xian
2011, 38(10):  188-191. 
Abstract ( 633 )  
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To understand the prevalence of intestinal parasites in a wild animal zoo,Sichuan,a total of 180 fecal samples from 40 species of wild animals and mixed feeding waterfowl were examined using centrifugation method,Lugol's iodine stain method,and the Sheather's sugar flotation technique. The overall infection rate of parasites was 74.4%. Eight species of parasites were detected,including Coccidia,Acanthamoebida spp.,Ascaridae spp.,Trichuridae spp.,Capillariidae spp.,Strongylidae spp.,Cestoidea spp. and Trematoda spp.,with the prevalence of 31.1%,19.4%,15.6%,10.6%,17.2%,20.6%,4.4%,and 1.7%,respectively. The present results suggested the parasite infections were serious in wild animals in this zoo. Thus,valid measurements should be taken to protect the health of animals.
Effects of Acupuncture on Digestive Function Indicator in Dogs with Splenic Asthenia Syndrome
SHI Da-you;LI Sheng-qiang;SONG Xiao-lin;DAI Xue-li;XIAO Min-hua;GUO Shi-ning
2011, 38(10):  191-193. 
Abstract ( 559 )  
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In this thesis, it made a splenic asthenia modeling by injection of reserpine. The clinical symptom, body weight and the part of digestive function indicator were observed. And it made a study about effect of acupuncture treatment on the observed indexes. The results showed that the body weight significantly decreased (P<0.05) after the dog appeared splenic asthenia syndrome. After acupuncture treatment the dog with splenic asthenia syndrome for 7 days, the activity of pepsin and trypsin and the contents of motillin significantly increased (P<0.05), but the contents of gastrin and somatostatin significantly decreased (P<0.05), compared without treated splenic asthenia dogs. The finding showed that it had an effect of acupuncture treatment splenic asthenia dogs in Zusanli and spleen points on improvement of clinical symptoms, weight gain and restoration of normal digestive function.
Pathological Observation of Various Tumor Types of Commercial Layers Associated with ALV-J
GU Yu-fang;YANG Yu-ying;LIANG Xiong-yan;WU Yue
2011, 38(10):  194-197. 
Abstract ( 601 )  
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Various tumor types associated with ALV-J were observed in a Hy-Line variety brown flock from a town in Hubei province. In the postmortem, eight of the ten dead layers showed myeloid leukemia with live and spleen enlargement with diffuse gray-white nodules. Histological examination indicated that the myeloid leukemia cells proliferated were observed almost in all tissues. Five of the ten cases showed a number of tumor types, including fibrosarcoma, hemangioma and liposarcoma in addition to myelocytoma. By PCR diagnosis with the specific ALV-J primer H5/H7, ALV-J was detected in all of the ten birds.
经验交流
Progress on the Origin and Domestication of Poultry
GUO Jun;LI Hui-fang
2011, 38(10):  199-202. 
Abstract ( 546 )  
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Advance with breakout in genome-wide association study and cross in multidiscipline,study on origin and domestication of poultry had made great progress in recent years. For thousand years,poultry had been used for food,ritual and entertainment for human. Poultry played indispensable roles during cultural history. Study with molecular biology and archaeology revealed lengthiness and complexity of poultry domestication. The process of domestication involves adaptation to a captive environment with changes in morphology,behavior and physiology. Domesticates provided humans with a novel means of reshaping diet composition and biotic communities. Poultry were transformed from wild ancestor. Different species seemed to have been domesticated in different places by indigenous population. This procession also involved introgression of some exogenous species. Understanding the relative roles of wild ancestors was therefore not only an amazing scientific issue, but it provided useful information for conservation of breeds diversity and selection. In the final part,we inferred GAWS and pollen analysis would be powerful tool to reconstruct domestication.
Research of Meat Performance and Quality Analysis for Local Varieties Cattle in Jiangxi Province
LAN Yong-qing;WU Zhi-yong;WANG Rong-min;YANG Yan;XIA Zon-qun;WU Zhi-jian;DING Li-qing;LIAO Yue-ming;DENG Ling-ji
2011, 38(10):  203-208. 
Abstract ( 590 )  
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For analyze the meat performance and beef main nutrient mensuration,three local breeds cattle (Guangfeng cattle,Ji'an cattle and Jinjiang cattle) in Jiangxi province between 18 to 24 months age had been selected separately. The results showed that the bone rate,the breed of Guangfeng was significantly higher than Ji'an (P<0.05); Jinjiang cattle was the lowest in carcass weight and waist fat thickness,but the highest in slaughter rate,bright flesh ratio and muscular apparatus area,all were not significantly different among varieties (P>0.05). Comparison the three breed cattle,Jinjiang cattle was the lowest in the total amino acid contents,bitter amino acid; and was the highest in palatable taste amino acid and sweet flavor amino acids,but all were not significantly different among varieties (P>0.05). Jinjiang cattle'Tyr\Lys contents was respectively significantly lower than other cattle(P<0.05),and Gly contents was significantly higher than Guangfeng cattle(P<0.05).The other fatty acids,total hard fatty acid contents and total content of unsaturated fat were not significantly different among breeds (P>0.05). These results indicated that Guangfeng cattle,Ji'an cattle are better than Jinjiang cattle on the evaluation of the regular nutrient content,the amino acids content and fatty acid content of beef.
Study Advance of Germplasm Characteristics and Dietary Suitable Nutritional Level in Wujin Pig
PAN Hong-bin;QIN Gui-xin;GAO Shi-zheng
2011, 38(10):  208-210. 
Abstract ( 593 )  
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Wujin pig, as one of Chinese local breed of swine, has the excellent adaptability of anti-illness, breeding performance, fatty deposition and meat quality of delicate. This article reviews the advances in the research of germplasm characteristics and dietary suitable nutritional level in Wujin pig, and provide study direction for Wujin pig in the research field of animal nutriology.
Comparison of Purification of Rabbit Anti-H9N2 Subtype Avian Influenza Virus Serum by Three Methods
LI Fang;WANG Ze-xiong;QI Wen-bao;LIU Hai-ling;HU Zi-li;LUO Kai-jian
2011, 38(10):  211-213. 
Abstract ( 512 )  
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Rabbit anti-H9N2 subtype avian influenza virus (AIV) serum was purified by protein G affinity chromatograph,caprylic acid-ammonium sulfate precipitation and saturated ammonium sulfate precipitation separately. It was found that the antibodies obtained from the first method was of the highest purity,unchanged activity,relatively low recovery rate,easy operation and high cost,which indicated that the first method was suitable for laboratory studies and purification in small sample volume. Antibodies obtained with the second method were of lower purity than that from the first method and of unchanged activity. Repeated salting out could improve the purity. It was suitable for preliminary purification before protein G affinity chromatograph. The third method was often used in crude extraction in large volume samples or the purification of ascitic fluid. With this method,purity of the antibodies obtained was lower than that from the other two methods,recovery rate was high and activity of antibodies unchanged. The purification demanded for relatively high accuracy of pH value and caprylic acid concentration.
The Construction of Prokaryotic Expression Vector of Swine Hepatitis E Virus ORF2 Fragment
HAO Bao-cheng;LAN Xi;HU Yong-hao;LIU Ji-xing;LIANG Jian-ping;
2011, 38(10):  214-217. 
Abstract ( 500 )  
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The test used the Protean software to analyze the potential antigenic sites of ORF2 of HEV swCH189 strain,and selected 381aa to 623aa segment as the expression of target,the cp239 fragment was amplified from the full-length ORF2 plasmid by PCR,after purification,connection,and so on,the prokaryotic expression vector pET32a(+)-cp239 was successfully constructed. This work laid the foundation for the next step of the prokaryotic expression and analysis of biological activity.
Techniques to Study the Structure of Amyloid
ZHANG Si-ming;TAN Rong-rong;ZHAO De-ming;YANG Li-feng
2011, 38(10):  217-220. 
Abstract ( 489 )  
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Interest in understanding the structural basis of amyloid formation has been strongly motivated by their association with a number of diseases, such as Alzheimer's (AD), Parkinson's, and prion diseases. However, the structure of amyloid is still not very clear. Here, we described some of the most commonly used techniques, such as hydrogen-deuterium exchange, cryoelectron microscopy and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance, employed in amyloid structure characterization. These techniques enabled high-resolution insights into molecular organization of amyloid.
The Isolation and Drug Susceptibility Test of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae Sichuan Isolates
PENG Juan;YANG Ze-xiao;SONG Yong;WANG Yin;
2011, 38(10):  221-224. 
Abstract ( 482 )  
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1 strain Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae(APP) serotype 1 G- coccobacillus,which with high virulence,was isolated from samples of sick pigs suspected pleuropneumonia infection collected from a pig farm in Sichuan province,and was identified through the bacterial colony,bacteria morphological observation,biochemistry reaction,PCR identification,serological test,pathogenicity test,and drug susceptibility test. The drug susceptibility test results showed that the APP Sichuan isolates were resistance to tetracycline,trimethoprim and Streptomycin,Gentamicin,Kanamycin,Amikacin,etc. Aminoglycosides,but sensitive to chloramphenicol,Ampicilllin,Amoxicillin,Carbenicillin,and some quinolones drugs used in this study.
Determination of Residue Acetylisovaleryltylosin in Swine Liver by UPLC-MS/MS
WANG Ying;ZHANG Su-xia;CHENG Lin-li;LIU Kai-li
2011, 38(10):  224-227. 
Abstract ( 523 )  
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An ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS) method was established for determination of acetylisovaleryltylosin in swine liver.The target drug was extracted from sample with EDTA-McIlvaine's and the extract was cleaned up on an Oasis HLB cartridge. Separation was performed on C18 column with acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid(7∶3,V/V) as the mobile phase. The identification of drug was carried out by positive electrospray ionization (ESI+) under selective ion monitoring mode (SIM). The calibration curve of the drug showed excellent linearity within the range of 5 to 2000 ng/mL and the correlation coefficient was more than 0.99. The average recoveries from spiked swine liver at levels of 5 to 500 μg/kg ranged from 84.9% to 88.1%, the intra-day coefficient variation was in range of 8.2% to 15.1% and inter-day coefficient variation was in range of 14.7% to 16.5%. The limit of detection (LOD) was 0.76 μg/kg and limit of quantification (LOQ) was 2.51 μg/kg.The method was accurate and sensitive, so it could be used for determining of acetylisovaleryltylosin in swine liver.
Preparation and in vitro Release Property of Polylactic Acid Microspheres Containing Progesterone
GAO Hao;FANG Bing-hu;LIU Ya-hong;CHEN Chao-xi;TANG Yong-yong;CHEN Jian-xin
2011, 38(10):  228-231. 
Abstract ( 506 )  
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To prepare progesterone PLA microspheres by emulsification solvent evaporation process and investigate the characteristics of progesterone PLA microspheres in vitro release.Progesterone PLA microspheres formulation and preparation parameters were investigated and established basing on the entrapment efficiency and content of the drug. Seven factors were selected to establish the optimal conditions. The morphology of microspheres was characterized by SEM. UV spectrometry was used to determine the entrapment efficiency, the drug loading and release property in vitro. The progesterone PLA microspheres were smooth, round, well dispersed and consistent diameters. The entrapment efficiency of the progesterone PLA microspheres was (80.60±1.00)%, drug loading was (10.63±0.05)%,cumulative release in 7 days was 53.41% in vitro.The progesterone PLA microspheres had distinct slow-release effect and could prolong the medicine action time.
Research in Structural Protein VP2 of Porcine Parvovirus and Advance in Vaccine of Porcine Parvovirus
JIAO Mao-xing;GUO Chun-he;HUANG Yu-mao
2011, 38(10):  231-234. 
Abstract ( 544 )  
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Porcine parvovirus (PPV) is one of the important pathogens causing porcine reproductive syndrome. The virus exists everywhere in the world and epidemics locally,and it has caused a huge economic losses to the reproduce and development of porcine. As a result, it is very important to prevent PPV. The PPV VP2 protein, the major capsid protein of the PPV, can be assembled into virus-like particles, induce strong antibody responses against PPV and be used as vectors for delivery of heterologous epitopes. For these reasons, the research of the VP2 is critically important to the development of the new-type vaccine in PPV. In this paper, the newest research in structural protein VP2 of PPV and advance in vaccine of PPV were reviewed.
Bactericidal Effect Test on Disinfectant Compound of benzalkonium Bromide-Allicin
LI Xiao-wen;CHEN Feng;DONG Wei;WANG Jing;YIN Ming-yang;TIAN Shi-jie;SUN Zhi-liang;
2011, 38(10):  235-238. 
Abstract ( 597 )  
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In order to proven the bactericidal effect of disinfectant compound of Benzalkonium bromide-Allicin,regulations of identification of technical specifications veterinary disinfectant were to be used.Five kinds of bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli,Pasteurella multocida,Streptococcus-C and Bacillus cereus) at different time periods (1,5,10,20 min)are test by the sterilization way in different dilutions (500,1000,2000,4000 times) of the disinfectant. At the same time benzalkonium bromide and garlic oil were used as the control test group. The bactericidal effect test of disinfectant compound of Benzalkonium bromide-Allicin was observed and evaluated.The results show that the disinfectant compound in 2000 dilution of the bactericidal effect achieved the standard. Therefore,the disinfectant compound in 2000 dilution can be up to good results,and can be used in clinical.