An experiment was conducted to investigate dietary zinc level on growth performance,carcass traits and meat quality in broilers from 4 to 6 weeks of age. A total of 360 1-day-old male Arbor Acres chickens were fed the same diet (containing 86.25 mg/ kg Zn) until 21 days of age. At 22 days of age,288 chickens were randomly assigned to eight dietary treatments with six replicates by body weight and six chickens with each pen,and fed a Zn-unsupplenented corn-soybean meal basal diet( control,containing 27.66 mg/kg Zn) or the basal diet supplemented with 20,40,60,80,100,120 and 140 mg/ kg Zn as Zn sulfate. The trial lasted for 21 days. The results showed that there were no significant differences (P>0.10) in growth performance and carcass traits. However,Zinc supplementation decreased the drip loss of breast and leg muscles and malondialdehyde concentrations of breast muscles,increased L^* value of breast muscles (P<0.10).

In order to research the effects of nicotinic acid and riboflavin duodenal infulsion on dry matter intake,milk production and blood parameters in dairy cows,five primiparous Chinese Holstein cows fitted with duodenal cannulas were arranged in a 5×5 Latin square design for five groups as control check (water,5 L/d),nicotinic acid(3 g/d),riboflavin(0.3 g/d),nicotinic acid and riboflavin blend(nicotinic acid 3 g/d + riboflavin 0.3 g/d)and B-vitamin blend(nicotinic acid 3 g/d + riboflavin 0.3 g/d+thiamine 0.03 g/d +pantothenic acid 0.42 g/d +pyridoxine 0.03 g/d +biotin 0.04 g/d +folic Acid 0.04 g/d).The results showed that the dry matter intake and milk production were improved significantly by nicotinic acid and riboflavin blend and B-vitamin blend(P<0.05),but with no effect of nicotinic acid or riboflavin(P>0.05).There were no effects of nicotinic acid on red blood cells and hemoglobin(P>0.05),as well as riboflavin on hemoglobin,but red blood cells were decreased by riboflavin. For nicotinic acid and riboflavin blend,both of red blood cells and hemoglobin were decreased(P<0.05),inversely improved by B-vitamin blend(P<0.05).All the vitamin treatments had no effects on other red blood cellsparameters and platelet parameters(P>0.05),but the platelet tended to increase. It suggested that nicotinic acid and riboflavin supplement at the same time can improve performance,and red blood cells and hemoglobin may be improved by B-vitamin blend. Duodenal infusion of nicotinic acid,riboflavin,nicotinic acid and riboflavin blend,B-vitamin had no adverse effect on milk flavor. Milk from cows infused nicotinic acid and riboflavin blend,B-vitamin blend into duodenum had better flavor than milk from control cows.

In order to study the effect of Echinacea compound on laying hens’ production performance and blood biochemical indexes under high temperature, 250 aged 60-week Highland Brown laying hens were randomly divided into five groups:0.5% dose of Echinacea compound group, 1% dose of Echinacea compound group, 1.5% dose of Echinacea compound group, 0.04% dose of vitamin C group and control group. The results showed that the 1% dose of Echinacea compound and 1.5% dose of Echinacea compound could significantly enhance the feed intake of chickens,the egg production rate(P<0.05), lower the feed egg ratio(P<0.05),under high temperature; the vitamin C’s effect of improving the feed intake of chickens, the egg production rate, the feed egg ratio of laying hens was not significant under high temperature, but it could reduce the soft-broken egg rate and the chickens died number. Compared with the control group, the different concentrations of Echinacea compound and vitamin C could increase the serum’s GLU, TP, ALB content and ALP activity, reduce the serum’s TG, CHO concentration and AST, ALT, CK activity.

Feed is one of the greatest individual items of cost in mink farm; scientific researchers have done lots of works on it. The paper introduced the characteristics of the alimentary tract of the mink and reviewed the advances on the dietary nutrition in recent years. We summarized the energy,fat and fatty acids,protein and amino acids,carbohydrates,vitamins and minerals of mink requirements and gave some suggestions on existents problems and further research.

Feed intake is highly relevant to the growth performance of pig. The improvement of feed intake is considered to be an important contributor to the increase of pig production. The appetite and intake behavior of pig are regulated by various central and peripheral factors,including feeding technique,living circumstance,chemo-factors and metabolic-factors. Hypothalamus plays a key role in integrating all these signals so as to regulate feed intake. Researches on intake signaling have achieved great improvement,owing to the implication of molecular methods,numerous signaling factors involved in the intake-net have been reported,among which AMPK,mTOR and Leptin have been most attractive to researchers in this area. The present paper summarized the factors influencing feed intake as well as the key role of hypothalamus in regulating feed intake,and probed molecular mechanism of feed intake. Questions involved and research direction were raised and discussed.

A new Lactobacillus was isolated from a faecal sample of pig. The 16S rDNA gene was sequenced, and it was submitted to GenBank, the accession number was HQ641209.Online BLAST with other Lactobacillus and phylogenetic analysis based on the fragment of 16S rDNA reveal that its sequence homology was 97.9% comparing with Lactobacillus johnsonii strain (AB295648). The isolated strain was identified as Lactobacillus johnsonii and named Lactobacillus johnsonii Sun001. L. johnsonii had high level tolerance to the simulated gastric juice (pH 2.5, 3 h of incubation, survival rate was 68.8%) and simulated gastric juice (bile salt concentration 3%,3 h of incubation, survival rate was 21.4%) and high antibacterial activity to E. coli K88, K99.

This paper summaries the promotive role of the calcineurin in myofiber type transformation, providing reference information for further study on the meat quality.

In order to research the effects of ammonia and lactic acid on suspension culture BHK-21 cell growth and intracellular enzyme activity,we cultured the BHK-21 suspension cells with the media of different concentrations of ammonia or lactic acid added,and sampled every 12 hours, determined the consumption of nutrient and vitality of succinate dehydrogenase. The results showed that when the concentration added of ammonia and lactate was below 2.5 or 10 mmol/L respectively,the ammonion and lactate had weak inhibiting effect on the growth and metabolism of BHK-21 cell. Along with the addition of ammonia and lactate,the BHK-21 cells growed more slowly, the nutrient cost reduced, the activity of succinate dehydrogenase decreased gradually. The ammonion and lactate in a concentration above 5 and 20 mmol/L had serious inhibiting effect on the growth and metabolism of BHK-21 cells,the activity of succinate dehydrogenase was always lower than the control group obviously. So the ammonion and lactate in certain concentration inhibits BHK-21 cell growth, affects the intracellular succinate dehydrogenase activity.

RT-PCR was performed on the total RNA extracted from Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV)SA14-14-2 to obtain the cDNA of NS1,the cDNA was edonuclease digestion by Hind Ⅲ/HpaⅠand cloned into a vector pcDNA3.1-Flag. The recombinant plasmid was named plasmid pcDNA3.1-NS1-Flag, identified correctly by DNA sequencing and restriction enzyme analysis.The plasmid pcDNA3.1-NS1-Flag was transfected into 293T cell by means of liposome and its expression was examined by immunofluorescence assay and Western blotting,the results showed that NS1 protein could express in 293T cell.

A pair of primers was designed according to the sequence of mouse IL-6 and iNOS genes as well as housekeeping gene β-actin,respectively,and recombinant plasmids containing the target gene was constructed as a standard control for IL-6,iNOS and β-actin. Then,the real-time PCR assays based on TaqMan probes for detection of IL-6,iNOS and β-actin genes were established. Every assay possessed a good linear relationship between initial templates and Ct values,and the correlation coefficient of the standard curve was 0.998. It was highly sensitive and had a detection limit of 1×10¹ copies/μL of initial templates. It was highly specific and the fluorescent signals could only be detected by the reaction with cDNA,specific primer and probe for each gene. It was highly reproducible and had a coefficient of variation less than 2 percent for both intra- and inter-assay. The established assays were successfully used to detect IL-6 and iNOS mRNA expression levels in brain and heart tissues from mice experimentally infected with porcine encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) GXLC strain. The high sensitivity,specificity and reproducibility of the assays indicated that the TaqMan real-time PCR could be used as an effective tool for detection and quantification of IL-6 and iNOS.

In order to study the mRNA expression changes of VEGF-A,VEGF-C,and PLGF gene in different developmental periods of dairy cow mammol/lary gland,then lay the foundation for further research on the gene function of the cow mammol/lary gland. The SYBR Green Ⅰ dye Real-time PCR method was used,and the results were compared, with gene chip differential screening results of Affymetrix company. The results showed that three genes were expressed in 11 periods of mammol/lary gland. VEGF-A gene expression during late pregnancy and lactation was higher and significantly different from other periods(P<0.05);VEGF-C gene expression was higher during lactation;PLGF gene expression from the onset of virgin to pregnancy increases gradually to 4 months pregnancy the highest expression level, followed by gradually decreasing the expression. The results could be drawn from the above, VEGF-A and VEGF-C gene may play a role in the lactating cows, and PLGF gene might be play an important role to cow mammol/lary gland development, so get the PLGF CDS sequence by PCR amplified method, lay the test foundation for further research on the gene function of PLGF gene.

In this study,follistatin gene was chosen as the candidate gene affecting the reproductive ability in buffalo. Recombinant plasmid pEGFP-bFS was conducted and expressed in both buffalo fetal fibroblast (BFF) and BHK cells. pMD-bFS and pEGFP-N₁ were digested with XhoⅠ,Sac Ⅱ,then eukaryotic expression vector-pEGFP-bFS was constructed. Buffalo fetal fibroblast and BHK cells were cultured with pEGFP-bFS intermixing Lipofectamine^TM 2000 in carbon dioxide incubator with 37 ℃,5% CO₂,100% humidity. After 24 h,expression levels of recombinant vector were verified through observing directly under phase contrast fluorescence microscope,RT-PCR and Western blotting. The results indicated that bFST expressed in both buffalo fibroblast and BHK cells. This study was a very significance to produce bioactive bFS engineered plasmid and research effects of bFS on reproductive ability.

According to the aminoacid sequences of porcine lactoferrin N-lobe(PLF-N)and partiality codon of Pichia pastoris,the porcine lactoferrin N-lobe gene was designed and synthesized. The modified porcine lactoferrin N-lobe gene was cloned into the pGAPZα-A vector to construct the recombinant expression vector pGAPZα-A-PLF-N. The Avr Ⅱ linearized plasmid pGAPZα-A -PLF-N was transformed into Pichia pastors SMD1168 by electroporation. The transformants were identified by PCR,screened with Zeocin,and multiply-copy colonies were harvested,in which PLF-N gene was verified to inserted into yeast chromosome stably. Under the control of the promoter GAP,the PLF-N recombinant protein with a molecular weight of 38 ku was expressed in supernatant. Up to 364 μg/mL PLF-N protein was produced in culture medium. Agrose diffusion assay showed that PLF-N had broad-spectrum antibacterial abilities not only to gram-negative bacteria but also to gram-positive bacteria and with MIC of 12.5,25 μg/mL against E. coli DH5α and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively.

To prepare CDV antigen for diagnosis, gene engeneering method was explored. CDV genome was extracted, F1 gene was amplified by RT-PCR cloned and then sequenced. The F1 gene was cloned into expression plasmid pET28a and expressed by the induction of IPTG inducer. The recombined protein was examined by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting,purified by Ni column. The results indicated the recombined protein could react with CDV positive serum and might be used as CDV diagnostic antigen.

This experimental application one-step RT-PCR and fluorescence RT-PCR methods separate to a Newcastle disease virus, and the strain F gene was cloned, sequenced and analyzed, and found that F protein amino acid sequence at the cleavage site was 112Arg-Arg-Gln-Lys-Arg-Phe117 which was the same as virulent Newcastle disease virus.The result proved the strain was virulent Newcastle disease virus from the molecular level. Combined with F gene sequence of other reference strains of Newcastle disease in GenBank revealed that the strain with the current virulent virus Taiwan/95, SKY/03, SGM/01 had the same amino acid sequence exactly of the F gene cleavage site, but the traditional vaccine strain La Sota was different.

Using PCR and direct sequencing to analysis the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region of Aix galericulata. Compare with reported sequence in GenBank to analysis sequence variation about three districts of mtDNA D-loop. The Aix galericulata (samples collected from Shiqian county in Guizhou province) mtDNA control region was 1035 bp. Compare with Foreign mandarin duck, there were 25 transformations, 12 transeversions, 2 insertions and 12 deletions in mtDNA control region. The mutation rate of mtDNA control region's three districts were 14. 5%, 0. 64% and 0. 8%, respectively. So the mutation rate of I region district was the fastest. The base content of chinesc Aix galcriculata mtDNA control region were A 26. 6%, C 16. 0%, T 26. 6% and G 30. 8%, A+T was slightly higher than C+G, G was the highest which was in accordance with the biased of sequence composition. Compare with other Anatidac specics,the conforming were all higher than 80%.

The contents of phthalate acid esters (PAEs) BBP, DBP, DEHP, DNOP, DINP and DIDP in milk were investigated by GC/MS. According to the U.S. environmental protection agency(EPA), the extraction method of room temperature oscillation was better than ultrasonic. The milk samples pre-treatment were extracted with n-Hexane using constant temperature shocker at room temperature 1.5 h. The recovery rate of each PAEs were 85.00% to 102.14%, relative standard deviation (RSD) values were 1.88% to 5.50%. The results indicated that the method was effectively to detect the PAEs in milk, and this method was convenient, accurate and relable. The high detectable rate of AEs,DEP and DnBP in marker milk, the largest detected quantity of EPA was BBP. EHP and DnOP were detected in plastic bags milk, and the amount of them were higher than other packaging’s. It was indicated that the packaging materials could contaminated milk, and need to cause enough attention.

In order to research for high-level expression of porcine circovirus type 2(PCVⅡ) ORF2 gene, the ORF2 gene of PCVⅡ was cloned into the genome of the pPICZαC expression vector to construct the recombinant plasmid pPICZαC-ORF2, and the resultant plasmid digested by SacⅠ was intergraded into the genome of P. pastoris expression strain SMD1168 by electroporation. The transformants were selected with zeocin, and the results of SDS-PAGE and Western blotting showed the capsid protein of PCVⅡ was secretory expressed successfully.

Providing references of diagnosing koi herpesvirus (KHV), detection of KHV was developed by duplex PCR in this study. According to genes of SphⅠ-5 and thymidine kinase (TK) of KHV, special primers were designed, and the process of the duplex PCR reaction was optimized. The system described herein represent simple, sensitive and accurate detection method in which only one reaction was necessary to detect two target sequences of 292 bp and 410 bp that could be reliably used for the identification of KHV.

The objectives of the present study were to examine sequence variation in the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 (nad1)gene among Coenurus cerebralis isolates in Hunan province,and to reconstruct their phylogenetic relationship using nad1 sequences. The partial nad1 (pnad1)was amplified from each C.cerebralis,and pnad1 sequences were aligned using the ClustalX 1.81. MP and NJ trees of pnad1 were constructed using the software Phylip 3.67 version 4.0 and Mage version 4.0,and ML tree was also constructed using Puzzle version 5.2. sequence homology analysis was performed using the Megalign program of the software DNAStar version 5.0. The results showed that the lengths of pnad1 sequences were 430 bp. The constructed phylogenetic tree revealed that the Hunan isolates and the Taenia multiceps available in GenBank were clustered in the same clade. There is no significant variation in pnad1 sequences within C.cerebralis,while inter-species difference is obvious. It is concluded that pnad1 sequences can be used as genetic marker for population genetic studies of cestodes. The results of the present study provided foundation for further studies of molecular epidemiology of C.cerebralis,and for diagnosis of the resultant disease.

FoxO proteins were unified nomenclature in 2000. Among them,FoxO1 is one of the main member of the subfamily. This paper points out the structure and distribution of FoxO1, and highligts its biological function on biological metabolism, oxidative stress,differentiation of skeletal muscle cells and transformation of muscle fiber types in animals,and animal reproduction.

In order to develop monoclonal antibodies of HN protein of Newcastle disease virus, BALB/c mice were immunized with CK/AH/100/2010 virus, and spleens were used for fusion with SP2/0. Six McAb cell strains of PX1 to PX6 were determined by hemagglutinin inhibition (HI). The results of HI cross-reaction with AIV, EDS and other HA virus suggested that the six McAbs had excellent specificity with NDV. The McAbs PX1, PX3 were shown to react with the HN antigen of NDV CK/GD/263/2010 in indirect-immunofluorescence assay.

To obtain expression of VP2 gene of MEV in Bac-To-Bac expression system and develop MEV subunit vaccine. MEV VP2 gene was amplified by PCR method and then cloned into pMD18-T vetcor. The VP2 gene was inserted into pFast-BacⅠ vector,then transferred the recombinant plasmid pFast-BacⅠ-VP2 into DH10 Bac to get recombinant Bacmid. Subsequently,the recombinant bacmid was transfected into Sf9 cells. The expressed recombinant protein was identified by Western blotting after three cell passages.VP2 gene of MEV was successfully cloned. The obtained recombinant VP2 protein reacted with MEV monoclonal antibody was identified by Western blotting. The VP2 gene of MEV is successfully expressed in Bac-To-Bac expression system and shows well reactivity with MEV monoclonal antibody.

For expressing and preparing monoclonal antibody of CPV p32 protein,p32 gene was cloned and inserted into plasmid pET28a(+),and expressed efficiently in E.coli Rosseta by IPTG induction. After purification by affinity chromatograph,p32 protein was immunized as antigen to BALB/c mouse. 22 monoclonal antibodies which recognize recombinant p32 protein were obtained,among them,3 could recognize CPV. These monoclonal antibodies provided biomaterials for sandwich ELISA testing CPV and competitive ELISA testing CPV antibodies.

According to the canine parvovirus(CPV) VP2 gene sequences in GenBank,two pairs of primers 1F/1R and 2F/2R were designed and synthesized. Taking the DNA extracted from the feces samples of dogs suspected to be infected with CPV as templates,two fragments covering VP2 gene with the length of 1325 and 758 bp were amplified respectively,after cloning and sequencing of the two fragments,eleven complete VP2 gene sequences with the length of 1755 bp were obtained through splicing. The analysis of nucleotide homology showed that compared with 21 reference strains of CPV at home and abroad in GenBank,the nucleotide homologies of these eleven VP2 gene sequences were from 96.2% to 99.8%. By using the DNAStar software,the B cell epitopes of VP2 protein were predicted to be in the sections of Met1-Val38,Met73-Val82,Met96-Ala103,Lys151-Thr170,Gly235-Phe243,Leu294-Phe303,Ala359-Thr399,IIe469-His483,Ala503-Arg520 and Lys570-Tyr584. Compared with the amino acid sequences of the reference CPV strains,the amino acid residues at the sites of 426 and 555 of the VP2 protein coding by these eleven VP2 genes were Asp and Val respectively,which indicated that the genotypes of these eleven CPV were all CPV type 2a and also primarily proved that the CPV-2a was the main prevalent strain in Chengdu area.

In this article, myostatin (MSTN)gene of goat were cloned and bioformatics analysis were studied to provide theoretical reference for further research.The results showed that the length of MSTN gene was 1128 bp which encoding 375 amnio acid,and GenBank accession number was GU183368. MSTN protein sequence of goat had highly homology compared with sheep, pig, rabbit, horse, human, bovin,which was 93%,89%,88%,88%,88%,87% and 85%, respectively. The gene had highly conservation;hydrophobic analysis showed that most amino acid were hydropathicity amino acids;protein transmembrane helices analysis showed that there were one transmembrane helices each in inside to outside helices and outside to inside helices;signal peptide analysis showed that signal peptide sequence length was 70;protein localization sites prediction showed that it was a typeⅡ membrane protein and most of the protein located in golgi body, plasma membrane and endoplasmic reticulum membrane,some in endoplasmic reticulum. The structure and function domain forecasting showed that there were 3 N-myristoylation site,2 N-glycosylation site, 5 protein kinase C phosphorylation site, 5 casein kinase Ⅱ phosphorylation site,1 tyrosine kinase phosphorylation site, 1 EF-hand calcium-binding domain,1 leucine zipper pattern, and 1 TGF -beta family signature. Secondary structure predictions showed that there were 25.33% alpha helix,3.20% beta turn,50.13% random coil,21.33% extended strand.

A one-step fluorogenic RT-PCR(5'-nuelease probe-based) assay using a primer/TaqMan probe set designed against a highly conserved region of open reading frame 7 (ORF7) of EAV genome was developed for the specific detection of equine arteritis virus. This assay is sensitive, fast and exact. Customs and departments of quarantine can fast and exactly examine equine arteritis virus by this assay.

Bovine ZnF312 gene was isolated using RT-PCR and sequencing, the results showed that its cDNA sequence was 1812 bp, including 63 bp 5'-UTR, 1377 bp CDS and 372 bp 3'-UTR. The results of bio-informatics analysis for the structure and function of ZnF312 gene and its coded protein showed that ZnF312 gene was located on chromosome 22 and coded 458 amino acid. The molecular weight and isoelectric point of ZnF312 protein were 48.82 ku and 9.419, respectively. ZnF312 protein contained six ZnF_C2H2 domains, located on many cell organs, such as cell nucleus (95.7% properties) and mitochondria (4.3% properties). According the results in this study and the function of ZnF_C2H2 domain, it was inferred that ZnF312 may be very important for growth, disease resistance and susceptibility by identify the corresponding target genes.

4 exons of CTSD gene from 51 Simmental×Luxi cattles were amplified and sequenced. 4 SNPs were identified at position 581,599,861 and 1128 bp of CTSD gene(NM 001166521.1) by sequencing. The effects of 4 mutations on meat quality and carcass traits were analyzed by using general linear model. The results showed that T581C polymorphism significantly associated with marbling trait(P<0.05). Genotype of BB had better marbling grade than AA and AB genotypes. Thus T581C might be a good marker for marbling traits.

The mature nucleotide peptide of porcine interferon-β was redesigned and synthesized by high expression codon in the test,designed specific primers,porcine interferon-β was expressed through Pichia pastoris expression system,recombinant PoIFN-β was measured by cytopathic effects with Vero - VSV system, the clinical application and biological function of recombinant PoIFN-β were provided by the research.

Estimated the different statistical models of Inner Mongolia Sanhe cattle’s lactating curve which was based on mis-classification γ function (Wood model) by maximum likelihood method (ML), then test the differences by likelihood ratio(LR). As a result, model Ⅲ was significantly better than the model Ⅱ and Ⅰ(P<0.01). Estimated the model Ⅲ by REML, there were siginicantly differences of milk yield in initial stage under different pari, year, seas and herd(P<0.05). The growth rate of diraly milk yield had significantly difference with the test days(t), natural logarithm of the test days(t'), interaction of the pari and test days, interaction of the pari and natural logarithm of the test days. Milk yield in initial stage has positive or negative correlation with the slope rate coefficient of t and t' (P<0.01).

To research the influence of seasons on the superovulation of Holstein, the Holstein heifers of 12 months had been superovulated for 3 times among the year. The results showed that there were no significant differences among seasons for the mean number of the recovered embryos and the degenerated embryos(P>0.05), the mean number of the transferable embroys in march(7.04±4.92) was significantly higher than the data in august (3.20±3.33)(P<0.05), no significant differences with other months(P>0.05). The increased temperature had a negative influence on the effect of superovulation, the success of superovulation could be obtained in th season which was suitable for the cows physilogical functions. It was concluded that the effect of superovulation was related to the seasons, the best season for superovulation was spring, autumn and winter were better than summer, the tropical months should be avoided for superovulation.

Meat quality has become an important research area in the livestock and poultry industry. In this review, the author indicate the composition of the protein and intramuscular fat in which effect the meat quality, in order to explore the molecular mechanism of meat quality, mRNAs and microRNAs during skeletal muscle development or fat accumulation were profiled, and the authors not only advance the high throughout technology: proteome and gene expression profile will predominate meat quality science, but also envision that bioinformatics will open a new prospect in molecular mechanism of meat quality.

Animal disease resistance breeding has become research focus for breeder. The study premise is selection of disease resistance. This article expatiates the immune responses,molecular genetic marker,genetic engineering in selection of disease resistance. Analyzes superiority and inferiority of methods. At last,some suggestions were put forward about selection of disease resistance.

The effect of Lambdacyhalothrin on bone marrow cell micronucleus,sperm abnormality,accumulation toxicity in mice. It’s 50 to select by examinations mice of health adulthood,divided into stochastically for the medicine high,middle and low doses set,positive group and blank control group,each group each 10. Dosage group was respectively given 9.18,4.59,2.29 mg/kg body weight,blank control group was the same dose isotonic Lambdacyhalothrin by intragastric administration for 4 days,positive group was 80 mg/kg body weight cyclophosphamide,evaluate the effect of the Lambdacyhalothrin to bone marrow cell micronucleus on mice. In addition takes health grown-up male mouse 50,divided into stochastically for the medicine high,middle and low dose group,masculine control group and blank control group,each group of 10. Dosage group was respectively given 9.18,4.59,2.29 mg/kg body weight,positive group was 80 mg/kg body weight cyclophosphamide and blank control group was the same dose isotonic Lambdacyhalothrin by 0.9% intragastric administration for 5 days,compute the rate of abnormal sperm.Choice healthy mouse 40,random divided 20 for store toxicity to experiment set,20 for blank control group. The experimental group used the dosage to increase progressively the continual contamination law to appraise Lambdacyhalothrin to store up the toxicity,the computation accumulation coefficient, stores up the toxicity according to the accumulation coefficient evaluation criteria appraisal.The results showed that Lambdacyhalothrin was obviously store material,it will bring serious damage to the mouse growth;sperm abnormal rate of the high monitoring team of Lambdacyhalothrin and the blank control group comparison difference were extremely remarkable;micronucleus rate of the high monitoring team of Lambdacyhalothrin and the blank control group comparison difference are extremely remarkable. Therefore, Lambdacyhalothrin was obviously store material,and had a very strong teratogenic, mutagenic effect.

The purpose of this study is to determine if there is Glasser’s disease in Heilongjiang,which provide a theory basis for the prevention and control of Glasser’s disease. The dead piglets with polyserositis and arthritis were collected and the bacterium was isolated from the samples. Then the physical and chemical properties of isolated strain were identified,its 16S rRNA gene was amplified by PCR,and this DNA fragment was subsequently cloned and sequenced. The sequenced results were analyzed by BLAST in GenBank. The homology and evolution relations analysis of the similar sequences were done by DNAStar. The drug sensitivity testing was done by isolated strain. The results indicated that a pantomorphic NAD dependent strain was isolated,the results of the physical and chemical properties and PCR showed that was Haemophilus parasuis. The phyletic evolution analysis results of the isolated strain 16S rRNA gene showed that it was in same subgroup with the Haemophilus parasuis in China,Japan and American,however that was in single subgroup in Spain; drug sensitivity testing showed that it was hypersensitive to spectinomycin and cephradine.

Arsenic preparations has been widely used in the production of livestock just because its effect on increasing weight and improving the feed efficiency,however,long-term use or improper dosage can cause chronic poisoning of arsenic in animals. Then it can lead to the corresponding disease of human through the enrichment of food chain. Chronic arsenic poisoning can cause skin damage,cardiovascular disease,urinary system and neurological damage and diabetes,what’s more,arsenic is also a certain carcinogens. The article summarizes on the poisoning toxicological pathology of animal’s arsenicalism and outlooks the possible research directions of arsenicalism.

In order to clarify the major pathogenic bacteria and the incidence of cow subclinical mastitis in Dalian area,256 cows of the different lactation time were investigated from different areas of Dalian. The major pathogenic bacteria were isolated and identified from the milk samples of the subclinical mastitis in dairy cows,and the susceptibility to antibiotics for the major pathogenic bacteria was tested. The results showed that the positive rate of subclinical mastitis was 65.63% and the mammary region positive rate of subclinical mastitis was 51.95% in the tested cows; Staphylococcus aureus,Streptococcus and Escherichia coli were the major pathogenic bacteria causing cow subclinical mastitis,and the cases of cow subclinical mastitis caused with this three kinds of pathogenic bacteria were 83.33%; the hypersensitive antibiotics to the major pathogenic bacteria of cow subclinical mastitis were screened by the drug sensitivity test in vitro,these hypersensitive antibiotics could efficiently treat cow subclinical mastitis in Dalian area.

A suspected pleuropneumonia pathogen was isolated from sick black goat from an individual household in Nanning, Guangxi. The results of observation of pathogen growth morphology by optical microscope and electron microscope, as well as biochemical characteristic, growth inhibition test, pathogenicity test of animals and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) showed that this pathogen was Mycoplasma ovipneumonia.

An avian reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV),designated as GD09,was isolated and identified by DF-1 cell culture,PCR and immunofluorescence assay specific to REV from broiler breeder suspected with REV infection in Guangdong province. Based on the public full-length proviral genome sequence of avian reticuloendotheliosis virus strain,six pairs of primers were synthesized,and the full-length proviral genome of GD09 isolate was sequenced by the method of fragment amplification. The full-length proviral genome sequence of GD09 isolate was 8295 bp;its size had a little difference from that of published full-length genome sequences,but its structure corresponded with typical retroviral genome structure for completely copy ability,the known oncogenes were not included in its genome. According to the gp90 gene sequence comparison of GD09 strain with those of the other REV strains at home and abroad,the sequences of gp90 gene of GD09 strain and phylogenetic analysis showed that the gp90 gene of GD09 strain had the closest genetic relationship to HA9901 strain.

The canine parvovirus strain JL0911 was isolated by our lab with some mutations in the main epitopes compared to the classical CPV strains isolated in China. This canine parvovirus strain could not be classified into CPV-2a, CPV-2b or CPV-2c. The aim of this study is to develop an inactivated vaccine with the JL0911 canine parvovirus strain. The canine parvovirus JL0911 was prepared in F81 cells and inactivated by formalin. A kind of nanometer adjuvant prepared by our lab was mixed with the inactivated canine parvovirus with the proportion of 1∶4. Dogs were vaccinated with 1.5 mL of this vaccine and the neutralizing antibody was detected by virus neutralization test in the F81 cell line. The results showed that the neutralizing antibody titers of the experimental dogs were elevated significantly after vaccinated 14 days by the inactivated vaccination. The most significant elevation was 2⁹. This indicated that the canine parvovirus strain JL0911 was potential for developing inactivated vaccine with high performance.

To explore the relationship between antimicrobial-resistance phenotypes and the destruction of β-lactamases, the active efflux system, cell membrane permeability,observed the change of duck source E.coli antimicrobial sensitivity with or without Sulbactam, Reserpine, EDTA. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of Ceftiofur sodium, Enrofloxacin, Amikacin, Florfenical, Doxycycline with or without Sulbactam,Reserpine, EDTA to duck source E.coli were determined by broth microdilution. There were separately five strains sensitivity increase significantly when Sulbactam combine with Ceftiofur sodium;while Reserpine had apparent effect on three strains to Ceftiofur sodium. EDTA had obvious function on the strains to all antimicrobial, there were 7,5,3,6,8 strains showed positive separately; when used Sulbactam and Reserpine at the same time, five strains sensitivity increased significantly if combined with Ceftiofur sodium and four with Florfenical. The isolates were significantly positive after added Sulbactam, Reserpine, EDTA simultaneously and five categories antimicrobial of MIC decreaseed obviously. The reason of duck source E.coli antibiotic resistance contains changes in cell membrane permeability, the active efflux system and the destruction role of β-lactamases, which combined improved the resistance level of duck source E.coli. The change in cell membrane permeability was the most important role in this study.

The ophthalmia is the most common disease in parrot raising process,it often causes a fall to the ornamental value of parrot,and would become hidden trouble of human health. The experiment carries on disease germ’s separation appraisal to eye partial secretions of parrot, discussing the main type of pathogenic bacteria cause ophthalmia,and the inhibition effect of main pathogenic bacteria from antibiotics. The experiment shows that the main pathogenic bacteria cause ophthalmia among parrot is colon bacillus, the best in vitro bacteriostasis effect among 42 kinds of antibiotics are ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin. Carries on the animal vaccination experiment the above mold mushroom spawn,successfully duplicates this disease,using includes ofloxacin ingredient eye drops treatment,it has obvious healing effect. According to the above may propose the effective preventing and controlling measure,prevents and controls for the parrot ophthalmia disease provides the reference.

A gram-positive cocci was collected from pneumonia illness rabbit in a farm of Baotou. Morphological observation and biochemical tests methods were taken for identification. Furthermore, 16S rRNA PCR amplification and sequence analysis were processed, and BLAST analysis showed the nucleic acids allogenic to Staphylococcus aureus sequences reach 99.6%.The results displayed this separation strain was a Staphylococcus aureus, and it was named BTSH1.

In order to identify the highly virulent strain (Shimen) and vaccine strain (HCLV) of classical swine fever virus (CSFV),a pair of specific primers was designed against conserved domain of envelop glycoprotein E2 gene of CSFV sequence published in GenBank. A specific site of BglⅡ for restriction enzyme digestion was found and placed within PCR primers. The shimen strain and vaccine strain of CSFV were distinguished using single digestion of RT-PCR products with Bgl Ⅱ. Specificity and sensitivity were detected in parallel. A specific 750 bp fragment was amplified from both Shimen strain and vaccine strain of CSF with this method. The RT-PCR products of vaccine strain could not be cut by Bgl Ⅱ,while Shimen strain could be cut into two fragments of 520 and 230 bp length respectively. The conserved E2 gene fragment of CSFV could be amplified specifically with this assay,and the detection limit was 3.96×10^－4 μg/mL of RNA. This assay was also evaluated with 30 clinical samples, 3 of them were detected with Shimen strain of CSF infection,21 of them were vaccine strains,others were CSFV negative.

In an attempt to isolate and identify the epitopes on hemagglutinin(HA) of H1N1 swine influenza virus and to test their antigenicity,polyclonal mouse antisera IgG against recombinant HA was prepared to screen a 12-mer random peptide library. After three rounds of biopanning a phage enrichment was resulted. Forty of the 47 phage clones selected randomly showed to be positive by phage-ELISA and shared 3 amino acid sequences. The result of Western blotting showed that the 3 peptides could bind specially with the polyclonal mouse antisera IgG against H1N1 swine influenza virus indicated that the 3 peptides was antigenicity. In this paper,three antigenic epitopes on HA were obtained and established the foundations for the further research of vaccine and diagnoses of H1N1 swine influenza virus.

After the fracture of the tibia and fibula of a cat, because the tibia and fibula of the cat is very small and proximal adhered to rich muscle, but there is little muscle in distal, if only using the internal fixation or external fixation, the results are not satisfactory. In this paper, the fracture of tibia and fibula of the cat was stabilized by using pin and wire and also strengthened on the outside with a splint bandage. Postoperative recovery was good. The aim of writing this paper is to hope to provide some references for the stabilization of the fracture of tibia and fibula of cats.

This article contrasted albumin, thyroxine (T₃, T₄), vitamin, glucose, lactic acid, pyruvic acid, Ca and P in the blood serum of the arthritis puerperium dairy cow, to study that the relation blood biochemical indicator’s changes with Joint disease. The result indicated the albumin, T₄, vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, Ca and P were in experimental group notablely lower than control group, globulin-α, lactic acid, pyruvic acid and T₃ were significant higher than control group. It showed that the content of T₄ and vitamin were degraded in arthritis postpartum dairy cow maked the collagen in articular cartilage and proteoglycan reduce,depolymerization increase,to cause the compose of serum protein change; but blood sugar level depressed that it caused lactic acid and pyruvic acid raise, hypoglycemia inhibited composition of vitamin C, Ca and P level depressed. It maybe effect sclerotin metabolism to promote development of arthritis.

Urinary lithiasis is one of urinary system disease in male dogs, calculus can not be discharged from the urethra, result in suffering dog can not uresis or dysuresia, often remove calculus from the bladder and urethral by surgery. This article according to an pathogeny of urinary stone patients, clinical symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of general and special to describe the process in order to provide the clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Tibetan mastiff is a kind of dogs, but also by the threat of virus infection in dogs. According to the survey, the canine parvovirus and the canine distemper virus are the main two categories virus of threat Tibetan mastiffs. The paper introduced a Tibetan mastiffs farm in Qinghai. The clinical symptoms and pathological lesions and laboratory diagnosis were observed, and CPV was detected by virus isolation culture and PCR, the final diagnosis result was CPV. Because the existence of the disease and the harm fulness to the dogs industry, the diagnosis and monitoring of CPV should be strengthening.

Based on revealing the connotation and characteristics of the abnormal fluctuation of pig price, the paper used supply and demand theory, the organization behavior theory and system analysis method to analyze the reasons of the abnormal fluctuation of pig price from three aspects such as epidemic, market and government regulation. On the view in realizing the develop object of healthy pig breeding, presented tactics such as improving degree of organization, scientific decision-making and market efficiency, enhance environmental awareness of the consumers, improve government policy, prompt the pig industry to develop quickly and sustainably.

To improve the economic profit from the goat husbandry, as well as to benefit research fields such as medicine, pharmacology, animal sciences including stem cell research that require large amount of goats for experimental studies, we must improve the reproductivity and the multifetal pregnancy (MP) rate. Thus, we carefully desired a study using cloprostenol for synchronizating the reproductive cycles of Jiangsu Haimen goats originated in East China area to improve the utilization of goats through improving multifetal pregnancy rate. The two experimental groups each included 136 from cloprostenol induced (T) and untreated (UT) goats resulted in a MP rate of 78.7% (107/136) and 39.0% (53/136), respectively. The average fetus per pregnant goat improved from 1.31 of uninduced (UT) to 2.01 for the induction group (T). The improvement was statistically significant (P<0.01). Noteworthy, the new born goats resulted from the induction group developed normally. The present study demonstrated that cloprostenol could significantly improve rate of multifetal preganancy and thus goat production, with important economical benefit and research applications in the agricultural, medical and scientific fields.

We studied the potential toxicity of citric acid, calcium and combination of them on mice by determining activity of serum of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase. Kunming mice with body weight of (20±2)g were randomly divided into control group, low, middle, high citric acid dose group, low, middle, high calcium dose group, low, medium and high citric acid joint calcium dose group. Every mouse was injected 0.2 mL corresponding reagents by intraperitoneal injection twice. When the seventh day after the second injection, the mice were picked eyeball for blood and determine activity of GOT and GPT in serum. The results showed that compared with the control group, the activity of GPT of high-dose calcium group increased 51.66%, which was significantly different (P<0.05);the activity of GPT of middle-dose calcium group and combined high dose group were significantly increased 42.63% (P<0.05), 35.32% (P<0.05) respectively .Compared with the control group, the activity of GOT in every group had no significantly difference. This research showed that the dose of Ca²⁺ can cause damage of liver cell and after combined with citric acid, liver toxicity was reduced.

Experiment investigated the quality standard of pyroline. Experiment included clarity, asepsis, osmotic pressure, haemolyticus, acidity, localized stimulus, pyrogen, anaphylactic response and assay. The results showed that the quality of pyroline was fit the common requirement of injection.

Bacteriophage are bacterial parasites,and the use of phage as therapeutics to treat bacterial infection effectually,particularly in an era where antibiotic resistance has become so problematic. Bacteriophagic therapy will educt positive effect in bacterial infection with further research of phage. The progress in research on antisepticize mechanism,advantage as therapeutics,research of treatment bacterial infection and research of phage lysins were reviewed in this article.

Bacillus thuringiensis is one of the most effective and the most widely used microbial insecticides at present. The approaches to the strategy for high performance insecticide such as cultivation,selective preference strain,insecticidal crystal protein and insect disinfestation mechanism,genotype identification and constructive genetic engineering bacteria are reviewed in this paper. Moreover,the advancement and the application prospects in high performance insecticide are discussed.

To study the pharmacokinetics of cyadox and its metabolites following single oral cyadox (40 mg/kg body weight) in healthy swine. A LC-MS/MS assay was used to determine plasma cyadox and its metabolites concentrations. The plasma concentration was analyzed with the pharmacokinetics software WinNonlin 5.2. Rosenblueth method of non compartment model was used to calculate the pharmacokinetic parameters of cyadox and its metabolites. The main pharmacokinetic parameters of cyadox and its metabolites were as follows. Cyadox:t_1/2 (7.52±1.77) h, C_max(0.02±0.01) μg/mL, AUC_{(0-36 h)} (0.26±0.24) (h·μg)/mL, MRT(11.37±3.21)h. N1 (cyadox 1-monoxide):t_1/2 (3.05±1.12) h, C_max(0.35±0.18) μg/mL, AUC_{(0-36 h)} (2.13±2.31) (h·μg)/mL, MRT(11.83±3.34) h. N4(cyadox 4-monoxide:t_1/2 (2.91±1.15) h, C_max(0.60±0.32) μg/mL, AUC_{(0-36 h)} (3.78±4.28) (h·μg)/mL, MRT(11.00±2.86)h. Bisdesoxycyadox:t_1/2 (3.85±1.30) h, C_max(0.46±0.19) μg/mL, AUC_{(0-36 h)} (4.21±2.47) (h·μg)/mL, MRT(13.35±2.65)h. Quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid(QCA):t_1/2 (5.08±0.57) h, C_max(0.25±0.11) μg/mL, AUC_{(0-36 h)} (3.05±1.46) (h·μg)/mL, MRT(15.15±1.83)h. The results showed the mainly form in plasma was metabolites, concentration and area under the curve of metabolites were higher than cyadox. Cyadox is the longest elimination half-life of each metabolites, and quinoxaline -2-carboxylic acid (QCA) mean residence time is the longest time.

Poultry meat is one of healthy foods as the characteristics of high protein,low fat and cholesterol,but the decrease of meat quality resulted by heat stress is also a serious problem in poultry production. This review summarized the effects of heat stress on meat color,pH,tenderness,water holding capacity of muscle and flavor of meat. It would provide reference to poultry production.

The methods of mice ear-swelling and granulation tissue hyperplasia of mice induced by tampon were adopted to study the anti-inflammatory action of pure traditional Chinese herbal medicine for dairy cow mastitis,and improved Karbr was adopted to study the toxic effect of the Chinese herbal medicine prescription with LD₅₀ as the evaluate index of the acute toxicity strength. The test results indicated that the Chinese herbal medicine prescription to mice ear swell were 10.41,9.26,8.82 mg,respectively in the three test groups(high dosage,middle dosage and low dosage of the prescription). There had significant difference between the control group(12.52 mg) and test groups(P<0.05). Mice granulation tissue hyperplasia in the Chinese herbal medicine prescription groups were 11.21,10.71,8.83 mg,respectively. There had significant difference between the control group (12.63 mg) and test groups(P<0.05). In the actute toxicity test,none mouse was dead,so the LD₅₀ of the prescription were more than 60000 mg/kg·bw. The results showed that the anti-inflammation action of the Chinese herbal medicine prescription was significantly effective for both of active and chronic inflammation period. The Chinese herbal medicine prescription belongs to a practical innoxious substance and can be used in the clinical research.

To determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites in pet rabbits,a total of 305 fresh faecal specimens from one pet market and two pet rabbit farms were examined using the sheather’s sugar flotation technique and Lugol’s iodine-solution staining method. Five intestinal parasites were detected with the overall infection rate was 71.2%. Among which,Coccidium spp. had the highest prevalence (47.2%),in contrast,the infection rate of Cryptosporidium spp.,Giardia spp.,Strongylid spp., and Passalurus ambiguus was 2.0%,3.9%,29.5%, 1.0%,respectively. The prevalence rate associated with different sampling locations and different age groups was significant by statistical analysis(P<0.01),with the overall prevalence of parasites declining with increasing age. The present study indicated that pet rabbits had a higher prevalence of intestinal parasites and some of which were zoonotic protozoon. Thus,prevention and curing of parasitic disease should be strengthened.