Abstract: With the advent of penicillin in the 1940s an era of antibiotics was started, anti-infection treatment thus entered a new era, the mortality rate of infectious diseases decreased dramatically. For a half century, humans have always considered antibacterial drugs as the most powerful weapon of anti-infection treatment. However, with the wide application of antimicrobial agents, the treatment of infectious diseases also meet the new challenges-bacterial resistance to antibiotics, which become more serious as the usage of antimicrobial is increased. Currently some bacteria have been found susceptible to almost all the antimicrobial agents, the appearance of super bacteria may bring humans back to the dilemma of no medicine for infectious diseases, so the control of the increase of bacterial resistance has become urgent for medicine and humankind. Our country is gradually building our own monitoring network of bacterial resistance, monitoring of the current epidemic status and trends of bacteria resistant, studying on the mechanism of bacteria resistant.

Key words: bacteria; drug resistance; prevention