野生盘羊×巴什拜羊回交二代的脂尾形态变异分析

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2019.08.027

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

试验旨在研究野生盘羊×巴什拜羊回交二代的脂尾形态特征以及脂尾大小对体尺指数的影响。以216只饲养条件相同、体况良好的75日龄野生盘羊×巴什拜羊回交二代为研究对象，计算脂尾性状的变异系数，再根据脂尾性状采用R语言K-mean聚类分析方法对野生盘羊×巴什拜羊回交二代进行分析，研究脂尾的分离分化情况，并用SPSS 19.0对回交二代各类型脂尾羊的7个体重体尺指数（体重、体长指数、胸围指数、管围指数、体躯指数、肢长指数和胸指数）进行差异比较分析。结果发现，根据聚类分析结果可将野生盘羊×巴什拜羊回交二代分为4个类型：小尾型、中尾型、大尾型和肥尾型；肥尾型体长指数极显著大于小尾型（P<0.01），大尾型体躯指数极显著大于小尾型（P<0.01），大尾型和肥尾型胸围指数、胸指数极显著大于小尾型（P<0.01），各尾型间的体重、管围指数、肢长指数差异不显著（P>0.05）。综合以上试验结果，回交二代的脂尾出现了性状分离，脂尾越大其体型越大，但体重无明显变化；结合野生盘羊与巴什拜羊的体型外貌特征及生产性能的特点，大尾型和肥尾型在体型上更趋近于巴什拜羊，小尾型则在尾型上更趋近于野生盘羊。

关键词: 野生盘羊; 巴什拜羊; 回交二代; 脂尾分型; 体重; 体尺

Abstract:

This study was aimed to investigate the morphological characteristics of fat tail and the effect of the size of fat tail on the body size index after backcrossing between wild Argali sheep and Bashbay sheep.216 breeding backcrossing second generation of wild Argyi sheep×Bashbay sheep with the same feeding and good body conditions were collected to calculate the variation coefficient of fat tail traits, then according to the fat tail traits to study the separation and differentiation of fat tail of the backcrossing second generation by K-mean cluster analysis of R language method, and the differences of 7 body weight indexes of the backcrossing second generation of fat tail sheep (body weight, body length index, chest circumference index, tube circumference index, body index, limb length index and chest index) were analyzed by SPSS 19.0 software.The results showed that the backcrossing second generation of wild Argyi sheep×Bashbay sheep could be divided into four types:Small tail type, medium tail type, big tail type and fat tail type through the cluster analysis results.The body length index of fat tail type was extremely significantly larger than small tail type (P<0.01), the body index of big tail type was extremely significantly larger than small tail type (P<0.01), and the chest circumference index and chest index of big tail and fat tail types were extremely significantly larger than small tail type (P<0.01), but there was no significant difference in body weight, tube circumference index and limb length index in each tail type (P>0.05).This results indicated that the traits of the backcrossing second generation of fat tails were separated, the larger the fat tail, the larger the body size, but the body weight did not change significantly.Combined with the characteristics of appearance and production performance of wild Argali sheep and Bashbay sheep, big tail and fat tail types were closer to Bashbay sheep in the body type, and small tail type was closer to wild Argali sheep in the tail type.

Key words: wild Argali sheep; Bashbay sheep; backcrossing second generation; lipid tail typing; body weight; body size

中图分类号:

S826

王鑫悦, 曹行, 吕士鹏, 王琼, 刘玲玲, 决肯·阿尼瓦什, 刘武军. 野生盘羊×巴什拜羊回交二代的脂尾形态变异分析[J]. 《中国畜牧兽医》, 2019, 46(8): 2415-2422.

WANG Xinyue, CAO Hang, LYU Shipeng, WANG Qiong, LIU Lingling, JUEKEN Aniwash, LIU Wujun. Morphological Variation Analysis of Fat Tail of the Backcrossing Second Generation of Wild Argali Sheep×Bashbay Sheep[J]. , 2019, 46(8): 2415-2422.

参考文献 20

[1]	韩业东,决肯·阿尼瓦什,帕娜尔·依都拉,等.巴什拜羊群体遗传多样性与遗传分化的研究[J].南京农业大学学报,2011,34(1):123-127. HAN Y D,JUEKEN A N W S,PANAER Y D L,et al.Study on genetic diversity and genetic differentiation among Bashibai sheep populations[J]. Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University,2011,34(1):123-127.(in Chinese)
[2]	决肯·阿尼瓦什,库木尼斯汗·加汗,哈米提·哈凯莫夫,等.野生盘羊与巴什拜羊第二代杂种羔羊生长发育规律的研究[J].新疆农业科学,2007,44(2):212-216. JUEKEN A N W S,KUMUNISIHAN J H,HAMITI H K M F,et al.A study on the growth law of crossbreeding lamb of Ovis ammon and Bashbay sheep[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences,2007,44(2):212-216.(in Chinese)
[3]	唐红,徐梦思,孟季猛,等.5号染色体两候选SNP基因定位以及与绵羊臀尾性状的关联分析[J].畜牧与兽医,2016,48(9):16-20. TANG H,XU M S,MENG J M,et al.Two candidate SNPs in Ovis chromosome 5 and their relationship with the trait of fat tail (rump) in sheep[J]. Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine,2016,48(9):16-20.(in Chinese)
[4]	汤存伟,余雄,刘武军,等.新疆13个绵羊群体遗传多样性及遗传分化的研究[J].家畜生态学报,2011,32(1):13-19. TANG C W,YU X,LIU W J,et al.Study on genetic diversity and genetic differentiation of 13 sheep populations in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region[J]. Acta Ecologae Animalis Domastici,2011,32(1):13-19.(in Chinese)
[5]	赵永欣,李孟华.中国绵羊起源、进化和遗传多样性研究进展[J].遗传,2017,39(11):958-973. ZHAO Y X,LI M H.Research advances on the origin,evolution and genetic diversity of Chinese native sheep breeds[J]. Hereditas, 2017,39(11):958-973.(in Chinese)
[6]	张方,胡子乔,景炅婕,等.绵羊不同部位脂肪组织microRNA高通量测序及生物信息学分析[J].畜牧兽医学报,2016,47(6):1093-1101. ZHANG F,HU Z Q,JING J J,et al.High-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics analysis on microRNAs expressed in adipose tissues of sheep[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences,2016,47(6):1093-1101.(in Chinese)
[7]	MORADI M H,NEJATI-JAVAREMI A,MORADI-SHAHRBABAK M,et al.Genomic scan of selective sweeps in thin and fat tail sheep breeds for identifying of candidate regions associated with fat deposition[J]. BMC Genetics,2012,13(1):10.
[8]	刘真,王慧华,刘瑞凿,等.不同尾型绵羊全基因组选择信号检测[J].畜牧兽医学报,2015,46(10):1721-1732. LIU Z,WANG H H,LIU R Z,et al.Genome-wide detection of selection signatures of distinct tail types in sheep populations[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences,2015,46(10):1721-1732.(in Chinese)
[9]	MOIOLI B,PILLA F,CIANI E.Signatures of selection identify loci associated with fat tail in sheep[J] .Journal of Animal Science,2015,93(10):4660-4669.
[10]	FARAHANI A H K,SHAHRBABAK H M,SHAHRBABAK M M,et al.Relationship of fat-tail and body measurements with some economic important traits in fat-tail Makoei breed of Iranian sheep[J]. African Journal of Biotechnology,2010,9(36):5989-5992.
[11]	马发顺.豫北小尾寒羊体态结构变化研究[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2016,17:120-121. MA F S.Study on changes of body structure of Small-tail Han sheep in Northern Henan province[J]. Heilongjiang Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,2016,17:120-121.(in Chinese)
[12]	王鹤洁,秦本源,王媛媛,等.DNA甲基化与去甲基化调控脂肪沉积的研究进展[J].中国畜牧兽医,2019,46(2):519-525. WANG H J,QIN B Y,WANG Y Y,et al.Research advances on DNA methylation and demethylation to regulate adipose deposition[J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine,2019,46(2):519-525.(in Chinese)
[13]	王金泉,王肖燕,臧长江,等.不同日龄阿勒泰大尾羊脂肪组织形态学及血脂指标的比较[J].中国畜牧兽医,2014,41(12):167-171. WANG J Q,WANG X Y,ZANG C J,et al.Comparison of the serum lipids index and morphology of adipode tissue in different old Aletai sheep[J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine,2014,41(12):167-171.(in Chinese)
[14]	WEI C,WANG H,LIU G,et al.Genome-wide analysis reveals population structure and selection in Chinese indigenous sheep breeds[J]. BMC Genomics,2015,16(1):194.
[15]	康丹菊.绵羊脂肪沉积关键基因的筛选及ALDH1As在脂肪细胞分化中的调控研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2018. KANG D J.Identification of key genes related to adipose deposition in sheep and regulatory study of ALDH1As in adipocyte differentiation[D].Yangling:Northwest A & F University,2018.(in Chinese)
[16]	甘尚权,张伟,沈敏,等.绵羊X染色体59383635位点多态性与脂尾性状的相关性分析[J].遗传,2013,35(10):1209-1216. GAN S Q,ZHANG W,SHEN M,et al.Correlation analysis between polymorphism of the 59383635th locus on X chromosome and fat-tail trait in sheep[J]. Hereditas,2013,35(10):1209-1216.(in Chinese)
[17]	何小龙,王位,王艳欣,等.蒙古羊尾椎数与尾型变异分析[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2017,15:102-105. HE X L,WANG W,WANG Y X,et al.Variation analysis of the caudal vertebrae number and type in the Mongolian sheep[J]. Heilongjiang Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,2017,15:102-105.(in Chinese)
[18]	决肯·阿尼瓦什,克木尼斯汗,杜曼,等.野生盘羊与巴什拜羊杂交效果分析[J].畜牧与兽医,2010,42(8):40-43. JUEKEN A N W S,KEMUNISIHAN,DU M,et al.Cross effect analysis of wild Argali and Bashibai sheep[J]. Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine,2010,42(8):40-43.(in Chinese)
[19]	朱兵山,张晓雪,魏趁,等.新疆天山某安格斯牛场安格斯牛生长发育规律分析[J].中国畜牧兽医,2018,45(6):1535-1542. ZHU B S,ZHANG X X,WEI C,et al.Analysis on growth regulation of Angus cattle in a Angus Ranch of Tianshan in Xinjiang[J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine,2018,45(6):1535-1542.(in Chinese)
[20]	决肯·阿尼瓦什,库木尼斯汗·加汗,哈米提·哈凯莫夫,等.野生盘羊与巴什拜羊的杂交研究[J].新疆农业科学,2007,44(5):702-705. JUEKEN A N W S,KUMUNISIHAN J H,HAMITI H K M F,et al.Study on hybridication of wild Argali and Bashibai sheep[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Science,2007,44(5):702-705.(in Chinese)