代谢组学技术在有毒有害物质检测应用中的研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2019.06.036

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

有毒有害物质如致病微生物、生物毒素、农药、兽药及添加剂残留等会造成极大的食品安全隐患，严重威胁人类健康。目前，对有毒有害物质的风险监测仍然面临着巨大挑战。代谢组学技术通过考察生物受到有毒有害物的刺激或干扰后代谢产物的变化，进行系统的定量定性分析，获得具有高度敏感性及特异性的代谢组学投影，适用于对多种微量毒物的鉴别监测。同时，代谢组学技术可反映出毒物代谢过程中可能的生物标志物，为毒物代谢过程和毒理机制的进一步研究提供参考。因此，以色谱质谱联用、核磁共振等为代表的代谢组学方法逐渐成为检测和研究有毒有害物质的关键技术，为其风险评估提供依据。同时各种生物标志物的发现及检测方法的优化将进一步促进代谢组学技术在毒物监测中的实际应用。作者介绍了代谢组学技术的产生和发展，总结了代谢组学技术对常见有毒有害物质的检测方法和生物标志物的研究进展，旨在为代谢组学技术在有毒有害物质检测中的进一步应用提供参考。

关键词: 代谢组学; 有毒有害物质; 生物标志物; 残留

Abstract:

Some toxic and harmful substances can lead to huge risks of food safety such as pathogenic microorganisms,biotoxins,pesticides,veterinary drugs and additives residues.Nowadays,monitoring of toxic and hazardous substances still faces enormous challenges.Metabolomics techniques detect metabolically changes in organisms which are stimulated or interfered by toxic and hazardous substances,then it will perform qualitative and quantitative analysis of the data and obtain highly sensitive and specific metabolomics projection,which makes it suitable for simultaneous monitoring of different trace toxicants.Metabolomics technology can reflect possible biomarkers in the process of toxicant metabolism,and provide references for further researches on toxic metabolic processes and toxicological mechanisms.Therefore,the metabolomics method represented by chromatographic mass spectrometry,nuclear magnetic resonance and other methods has gradually become a key technology for the detection of toxic and hazardous substances,and it provides a basis for risk assessment of toxic and hazardous substances.The discovery of various biomarkers and the optimization of detection methods will promote the practical application of metabolomics technology in simultaneous monitoring of toxicant.The generation and development of metabolomics technology were introduced,and the researches of metabonomics methods and biomarkers of metabolites were summarized in this paper in order to provide references for the further application of metabolomics technology in the detection of toxic and harmful substances.

Key words: metabolomics; toxic and harmful substances; biomarkers; residue

中图分类号:

R284

欧亚红, 王玉可, 张莉蕴, 王延新, 彭大鹏, 谢书宇, 黄玲利, 潘源虎, 陈冬梅, 王旭, 王玉莲, 陶燕飞. 代谢组学技术在有毒有害物质检测应用中的研究进展[J]. 《中国畜牧兽医》, 2019, 46(6): 1865-1872.

OU Yahong, WANG Yuke, ZHANG Liyun, WANG Yanxin, PENG Dapeng, XIE Shuyu, HUANG Lingli, PAN Yuanhu, CHEN Dongmei, WANG Xu, WANG Yulian, TAO Yanfei. Research Progress on Metabonomics in the Detection of Toxic and Harmful Substances[J]. , 2019, 46(6): 1865-1872.

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