绵羊骨骼肌生长发育调控基因研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2019.05.021

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

骨骼肌发育是一个复杂的过程，其中包括肌细胞的形成与增殖、肌管和肌纤维的形成及最后的成熟过程。骨骼肌生长发育直接影响到绵羊的生产性能。随着测序技术的发展，更多人尝试从基因层面来阐述骨骼肌发育过程中系统的调控网络，挖掘与肉品质、产肉性能等重要功能性状相关的分子标记。肌细胞增强因子2（MEF2）是控制肌肉基因表达的保守且功能显著的转录因子，在调节肌肉生成、神经发育与分化等方面起作用。成肌细胞决定因子（myogenic differentiation，MyoD）基因家族调控肌细胞分化和骨骼肌系统的发育成熟。为了更深入地认识与绵羊骨骼肌生长发育相关的调控基因的功能，作者从骨骼肌的结构特点入手，重点介绍MEF2与MyoD基因家族的结构与功能，以及非编码RNA对骨骼肌中基因表达的调控作用。

关键词: 绵羊; 骨骼肌; MEF2基因; MyoD基因; 生长发育

Abstract:

Skeletal muscle development is a complex process involving the formation and proliferation of muscle cells,the formation of muscle ducts and muscle fibers,and the final maturation process.The growth and development of skeletal muscle directly affects the production performance in sheep.With the development of sequencing technology,more and more people are trying to elucidate the systematic regulatory network of skeletal muscle development from the genetic level,and explore the molecular markers related to the important functional traits such as meat quality and meat production performance.Cell enhancement factor 2 (MEF2) is a conserved and functional transcription factor that controls the expression of muscle genes and plays a role in regulating muscle generation,neural development and differentiation.Myogenic differentiation (MyoD) gene family regulates the differentiation of myocytes and the maturation of skeletal muscle system.In order to further understand the function of sheep skeletal muscle and its growth and development regulatory genes,starting from the structural features of skeletal muscle,this paper focuses on the structure and function of MEF2 and MyoD genes family and the regulation of non-coding gene on gene expression in skeletal muscle.

Key words: sheep; skeletal muscle; MEF2 gene; MyoD gene; growth and development

中图分类号:

S813.3

孙燕勇, 付绍印, 祁云霞, 何小龙, 孙德欣, 方勤圆, 陈欣, 刘永斌, 张文广. 绵羊骨骼肌生长发育调控基因研究进展[J]. 《中国畜牧兽医》, 2019, 46(5): 1429-1438.

SUN Yanyong, FU Shaoyin, QI Yunxia, HE Xiaolong, SUN Dexin, FANG Qinyuan, CHEN Xin, LIU Yongbin, ZHANG Wenguang. Research Advances on Regulation Genes of Growth and Development of Skeletal Muscle in Sheep[J]. , 2019, 46(5): 1429-1438.

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