《中国畜牧兽医》 ›› 2019, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (3): 740-746.doi: 10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2019.03.012

• 动物营养与饲料科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

氨基葡萄糖调控仔猪初生重和均匀度的应用及机理

冯涛1,2, 韦尚丽2, 曹忻3, 田见晖4, 刘彦1   

  1. 1. 北京市农林科学院畜牧兽医研究所, 北京 100097;
    2. 甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院, 兰州 730070;
    3. 西北民族大学实验教学部, 兰州 730030;
    4. 中国农业大学动物科学技术学院, 北京 100193
  • 收稿日期:2018-10-09 出版日期:2019-03-20 发布日期:2019-03-20
  • 通讯作者: 刘彦 E-mail:liuyanxms@163.com
  • 作者简介:冯涛(1980-),男,甘肃庆阳人,博士,副研究员,研究方向:家畜繁殖调控,E-mail:fengtao_gs@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金(31501950);国家重点研发计划课题(2017YFD0501902)

pplication and Mechanism of Glucosamine in Regulating Birth Weight and Uniformity of PigletsA

FENG Tao1,2, WEI Shangli2, CAO Xin3, TIAN Jianhui4, LIU Yan1   

  1. 1. Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China;
    2. College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
    3. Experimental Teaching Department, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China;
    4. College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
  • Received:2018-10-09 Online:2019-03-20 Published:2019-03-20

摘要:

养猪生产中产(活)仔数和胎儿初生重是影响母猪繁殖生产效率的主要因素,但产仔数和初生重呈负相关关系,近年来母猪繁殖生产的研究重点之一便是如何提高仔猪初生重并降低初生重变异。氨基葡萄糖是一种饲料原料,其制作原料广泛存在于自然界中,近期研究发现氨基葡萄糖应用于母猪妊娠后期可调控仔猪的胎盘发育和初生重。文章介绍了近年来有关氨基酸和蛋白质、能量、功能性添加剂在调控仔猪初生重和均匀度中的应用及其效果,简述了氨基葡萄糖的性质、来源及合成方法,重点阐述了母猪妊娠后期使用氨基葡萄糖在维持胎儿果糖浓度稳定、促进母猪胎盘发育和改善胎盘功能等方面的效果,分析了氨基葡萄糖通过促进胎盘基质和胎褶双分子层发育、刺激胎盘滋养层细胞增殖、增强胎盘功能等途径调控胎盘发育、仔猪初生重和均匀度可能的机理;提出了氨基葡萄糖在调控仔猪初生重和均匀度方面未来的研究方向,以期为在生产实践中调控仔猪初生重和均匀度提供理论参考和实践依据。

关键词: 氨基葡萄糖; 仔猪; 初生重; 均匀度; 胎盘发育

Abstract:

Litter size and birth weight are the two important factors for sows breeding productivity in pig industry,but litter size and birth weight show negative correlation.Recently,one of the research hot spots is how to improve birth weight and decrease its variation of piglets.Glucosamine is one of the feed stuffs and is widespread in nature.Published papers have showed that late pregnancy feed supplementation with glucosamine can regulate the birth weight and placenta development of piglets.This paper introduced the application effects of nutrients including amino acids and proteins,energy sources and functional additives on regulation of birth weight and variation of piglets,described the characteristics,source and synthetic method of glucosamine,mainly expounded the effect of glucosamine added in late pregnancy of sows on fructose concentrations stabilization in fetus,promotion placental development and placental function improvement,and analyzed the potential mechanisms of glucosamine regulation on placental development,birth weight and variation through increasing placental stroma development,improving placental folded bilayer extension,stimulating pig placenta trophectoderm cell proliferation,and enhancing placental function,and then raised the future research directions of glucosamine regulation on birth weight and variation in piglets.This review expected to supply a theoretical and practical basis for controlling birth weight and uniformity of piglets in pig industry.

Key words: glucosamine; piglets; birth weight; uniformity; placental development

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