基因重排狂犬病病毒疫苗株免疫效果的初步研究

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2019.01.033

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

试验探究了基因重排狂犬病病毒（RV）弱毒疫苗株能否刺激小鼠产生RV抗体免疫球蛋白G（IgG），比较了其不同免疫方式、不同免疫剂量对小鼠抗体水平的影响及安全性评估。选取28只体重（20±3）g、35日龄左右的昆明系小白鼠，随机分为7组：第1组为低剂量口服组：复合佐剂50 μL+病毒液50 μL；第2组为中等剂量口服组：复合佐剂150 μL+病毒液150 μL；第3组为高剂量口服组：复合佐剂300 μL+病毒液300 μL；第4组为低剂量注射组：复合佐剂50 μL+病毒液50 μL；第5组为中等剂量注射组：复合佐剂150 μL+病毒液150 μL；第6组为高剂量注射组：复合佐剂300 μL+病毒液300 μL；第7组为口服对照组：复合佐剂300 μL+SRV9亲本毒株300 μL，分别于0、7、14 d进行免疫，采用ELISA定量检测试剂盒对各免疫组小鼠的血清IgG水平进行检测，免疫期结束后取各免疫组小鼠的肝脏、肾脏、肺脏、脑组织制作病理组织切片对疫苗的安全性进行评估。结果显示，各免疫组均产生了RV抗体IgG；肌内注射免疫产生的抗体速度较口服免疫快，但肌内注射免疫会导致小鼠发病死亡；600 μL口服免疫组产生的抗体水平显著高于100、300 μL口服免疫组及亲本毒株SRV9对照组（P < 0.05），说明适当加大口服免疫剂量会使口服免疫组产生的抗体水平增加，并且不会引起不良反应。病理组织学检查发现，各口服免疫组小鼠的肝脏、肾脏、肺脏、脑组织的形态结构较为正常，未发生病变，表明基因重排RV疫苗株口服免疫副作用小、安全性较好。本试验结果为研制新型口服疫苗开辟了新的方向。

关键词: 基因重排狂犬病病毒疫苗株; 免疫; 抗体; 病理组织学观察

Abstract:

To explore whether gene rearrangement rabies virus (RV) vaccine could stimulate the production of RV antibody IgG in mice,and compare the IgG level and safety performance in different immune modes and different immune doses of attenuated RV vaccine,28 35-day-old Kunming mice with (20±3)g were chosen and assigned to 7 groups:Group 1 (low dose oral group,50 μL compound adjuvant +50 μL RV),group 2 (middle dose oral group,150 μL compound adjuvant +150 μL RV),group 3 (high dose oral group,300 μL compound adjuvant +300 μL RV),group 4 (low dose injection group,50 μL compound adjuvant +50 μL RV),group 5 (middle dose injection group,150 μL compound adjuvant +150 μL RV),group 6 (high dose injection group,300 μL compound adjuvant +300 μL RV) and group 7 (oral control group,300 μL compound adjuvant +300 μL SRV9 strain).Immunisation was performed at 0,7 and 14 d,respectively,and the IgG level of mice in each immune group was detected by ELISA kit,and the liver,kidney,lung,brain tissues of the immune groups were collected to evaluate the safety of the vaccine at the end of immunization test.The results showed that IgG was produced in each immune group.The rate of IgG produced by intramuscular injection was higher than that of oral immunization,but intramuscular vaccination could lead to death of mice.The IgG level produced by 600 μL oral immunization group was significantly higher than 100 and 300 μL oral immune groups and parental strains SRV9 control group (P < 0.05),which indicated that increasing oral immunization dose would increase the level of antibody produced by oral immune and would not cause adverse reactions.Histopathological examination found that the liver,kidney,lung and brain tissues of each oral immune group were normal and did not see pathological changes,indicating that the gene rearrangement RV had less side effects and had better safety.It provided a new direction for the development of a new type of RV attenuated oral vaccine.

Key words: gene rearrangement rabies virus vaccine strain; immunization; antibody; pathological histology observation

中图分类号:

S852.65

陈凯云, 文兆海, 翟少华, 周海莹, 胡远, 简子健. 基因重排狂犬病病毒疫苗株免疫效果的初步研究[J]. 《中国畜牧兽医》, 2019, 46(1): 279-286.

CHEN Kaiyun, WEN Zhaohai, ZHAI Shaohua, ZHOU Haiying, HU Yuan, JIAN Zijian. Preliminary Study on Immune Effect of Rabies Virus Vaccine Strain with Gene Rearrangement[J]. , 2019, 46(1): 279-286.

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