miRNAs对骨骼肌调控的研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2018.06.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

microRNAs（miRNAs）是生物体内自然存在的一类长度约为22 nt的小分子非编码RNA，能够通过与靶基因mRNA 3'UTR不完全互补配对，降解靶基因mRNA或抑制其翻译，在转录后水平调控基因的表达，进而广泛参与调控机体生长、发育、疾病等多个生物学过程。骨骼肌约占人体体重的40%，是动物体维持正常生长发育必不可少的组成部分。miRNAs通过靶向骨骼肌发育、再生与疾病过程的关键因子，进而发挥调控作用。作为骨骼肌疾病的重要调控因子，miRNAs已成为肌肉相关疾病的检测标志物和靶向诊疗药物。近年来，随着对miRNAs研究的深入，有关miRNAs对骨骼肌调控的研究已成为生命科学领域的研究热点。作者综述了miRNAs参与调控骨骼肌细胞增殖、分化、再生与疾病等方面的研究进展，旨在为治疗肌肉疾病及提高畜禽肉品质提供理论依据。

关键词: miRNAs; 骨骼肌; 增殖; 分化; 再生; 疾病

Abstract:

microRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding RNAs of 22 nt, extensively exists in a variety of organisms.miRNAs can degrade target mRNA or inhibit their translation through binding with the 3' UTR region of target genes by incompletely base-pairing,which negatively regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level,and then been widely involved in the regulation of growth, development, diseases and other biological processes.Skeletal muscle accounts for about 40% of the body weight, which is essential for animals to maintain normal growth and development.miRNAs play important roles in the processes of skeletal muscle development,regeneration and disease through targeting the key factors of different stages.As an important regulatory factor of skeletal muscle diseases, miRNAs have become detection markers and targeted therapeutic drugs of muscle-related diseases.In recent years, with the deepening of miRNAs research, it has been found that the regulation of miRNAs on skeletal muscle become a hot topic in the field of life science.The authors reviewed the advances in regulation of skeletal muscle cells proliferation,differentiation,regeneration and diseases by miRNAs in order to provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of muscle diseases and the improvement of meat quality in the future.

Key words: miRNAs; skeletal muscle; proliferation; differentiation; regeneration; diseases

中图分类号:

Q522

凌笑笑, 唐朋, 梁春年, 吴晓云, 褚敏, 阎萍. miRNAs对骨骼肌调控的研究进展[J]. 《中国畜牧兽医》, 2018, 45(6): 1486-1492.

LING Xiaoxiao, TANG Peng, LIANG Chunnian, WU Xiaoyun, CHU Min, YAN Ping. Research Progress on miRNAs in Skeletal Muscle Regulation[J]. , 2018, 45(6): 1486-1492.

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