《中国畜牧兽医》 ›› 2018, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (4): 925-932.doi: 10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2018.04.011

• 动物营养与饲料科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

5种青贮饲料在奶牛瘤胃中的淀粉降解特性

刘艳芳1,2, 马健1, 李胜利2, 余雄1   

  1. 1. 新疆农业大学动物科学学院, 乌鲁木齐 830052;
    2. 中国农业大学动物科技学院, 动物营养学国家重点实验室, 北京市生鲜乳质量安全工程技术研究中心, 北京 100193
  • 收稿日期:2017-10-09 出版日期:2018-04-20 发布日期:2018-04-25
  • 通讯作者: 李胜利(1966-),男,新疆石河子人,博士,教授,研究方向:反刍动物营养,E-mail:lisheng0677@163.com;余雄(1958-),男,四川邻水人,博士,教授,研究方向:反刍动物营养,E-mail:yuxiong8763601@126.com E-mail:lisheng0677@163.com;yuxiong8763601@126.com
  • 作者简介:刘艳芳(1992-),女,山东德州人,硕士生,研究方向:反刍动物营养,E-mail:13611235024@163.com;马健(1989-),男,山东济宁人,硕士生,研究方向:反刍动物营养,E-mail:Crazyma0411@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    现代农业(奶牛)产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-37)

Starch Degradation Characteristics of Five Kinds of Silage in the Rumen of Dairy Cows

LIU Yanfang1,2, MA Jian1, LI Shengli2, YU Xiong1   

  1. 1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China;
    2. Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
  • Received:2017-10-09 Online:2018-04-20 Published:2018-04-25

摘要:

本试验旨在研究苜蓿青贮、全株小麦青贮、燕麦青贮和全株玉米青贮(2种)共5种青贮饲料的淀粉瘤胃降解特性,对其有效降解率与实时降解率进行分析,以期能根据单个时间点的淀粉降解率来估算青贮饲料的淀粉降解率,并为《奶牛营养需要和饲养标准》的更新提供相关数据。选用4头装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的荷斯坦奶牛为试验动物,采用尼龙袋法评定淀粉的动态降解率和有效降解率,将装有待测饲料样品的尼龙袋在奶牛瘤胃中分别培养4、8、12、24、30、36、48和72 h,每头牛每个时间点设4个平行。结果显示:①随着在瘤胃内培养时间的延长,各青贮饲料的淀粉瘤胃降解率均呈现逐步上升的趋势,且在24 h后趋于稳定;全株小麦青贮的淀粉有效降解率最高,与依次降低的燕麦青贮、苜蓿青贮和全株玉米青贮差异显著(P < 0.05)。②试验所选用的青贮饲料的8 h淀粉降解率与其有效降解率相关性最强,R2为0.9876。由此可知,采用8 h淀粉降解率估测青贮饲料在奶牛瘤胃中的淀粉降解率是可行的,本试验结果可为科学配制奶牛日粮提供数据参考。

关键词: 青贮饲料; 淀粉; 瘤胃降解率; 相关性

Abstract:

This experiment was conducted to investigate starch degradation characters and analyze the effective degradation rate and real-time degradation rate in the rumen of 5 silages,including alfalfa silage,whole wheat silage,oat silage and 2 whole corn silages,in order to estimate starch degradation rate according to degradation rate of a single time and update the relevant data of starch in silages for Chinese Dairy Cattle Nutrient Requirements.4 Holstein cows with permanent ruminal cannulas were selected and nylon-bag technique was used to determine the dynamic and effective degradation rate of starch.The time points of nylon-bag technigue were 4,8,12,24,30,36,48 and 72 h in the rumen of dairy cows with 4 parallels for each cow.The results showed as follows:①The degradability of starch increased gradually over time,and tended to be steady after 24 h.The effective degradability of starch of whole wheat silage was significantly higher than that of oat silage,alfalfa silage and whole corn silage (P < 0.05),which was decreased in turn.②There was a strong correlation between effective degradability and dynamic degradability of starch at 8 h with R2 was 0.9876.It was viable that rumen degradability of starch at 8 h could be used to determine starch degradability of silage in the rumen of dairy cows.The results of the test had reference value for designing diet of dairy cows.

Key words: silage; starch; rumen degradation rate; correlation

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