不同物候期牧草对放牧绵羊瘤胃发酵指标的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2018.03.018

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本试验旨在研究不同物候期天然牧草中所含的营养成分对放牧绵羊瘤胃内环境的影响。分别在牧草生长的不同时期（绿草期、盛草期和枯草期）选择不同的样方测定其混合牧草的营养成分，同时段选择6只放牧绵羊测定其瘤胃pH，氨态氮（NH₃-N）及挥发性脂肪酸（VFA）含量。结果显示：①牧草中粗蛋白质（CP）含量在绿草期含量最高（13.95%），显著高于其他阶段（P < 0.05），而枯草期最低，为5.14%；中性洗涤纤维（NDF）随着牧草的生长不断增加，酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）在绿草期含量最少。②瘤胃内环境参数随着不同物候期牧草中营养成分的变化而变化，瘤胃pH在盛草期显著低于其他阶段（P < 0.05），NH₃-N含量在枯草期显著低于其他两个阶段（P < 0.05），VFA含量在枯草期最低，盛草期显著高于绿草期（P < 0.05）。综上所述，放牧绵羊在枯草期由于摄入的CP含量减少，NDF增加，导致消化率降低，不能满足放牧绵羊的营养需要，故在枯草期到绿草期这一阶段应对其进行合理补饲，调控瘤胃发酵，以改善瘤胃内环境，提高其对营养物质的吸收。

关键词: 放牧绵羊; 瘤胃内环境; 天然牧草; 物候期; 营养价值

Abstract:

This experiment was aimed to study the effects of the natural grass in different phenological period on ruminal environment parameters of the grazing sheep.The nutritional components were determined in the mixed grass of different phenophases (green grass stage,grassy stage and hay stage) with different quadrats.In each stage,six grazing sheep were chosen to measure the pH,the ammonia nitrogen (NH₃-N) contents and volatile fatty acids (VFA) in rumens.The results showed that:①The CP content in green grass stage was significant higher than that in other stages (P < 0.05),and that in hay stage was lowest which was 5.14%.NDF content was increased with the growth of grasses,and the content of ADF in green grass stage was the lowest.②The ruminal environment parameters of grazing sheep changed with nutritional components in different stages.The pH in grassy stage was significantly lower than that in other stages (P < 0.05),the NH₃-N content was significantly lower in hay stage than that in other stages (P < 0.05).VFA content in hay stage was the lowest,and that in grassy stage was significantly higher than green grass stage (P < 0.05).In conclusion,at the hay stage,the dramatically decreased amount of CP consumed by grazing sheep had affected the favorable conditions in rumens,which would lead to a lower digestibility and dissatisfaction of the nutrient needs of grazing sheep.Therefore,from hay stage to gress grass stage,the grazing sheep should fed some reasonable supplementary to adjust and control the rumen fermentation,improve the ruminal environment and nutrition absorption.

Key words: grazing sheep; rumen fermentation; native grass; phenophases; nutritive value

中图分类号:

S826

张盼盼, 薛树媛, 金海, 李长青, 崔璨, 赵宇航. 不同物候期牧草对放牧绵羊瘤胃发酵指标的影响[J]. 《中国畜牧兽医》, 2018, 45(3): 698-704.

ZHANG Panpan, XUE Shuyuan, JIN Hai, LI Changqing, CUI Can, ZHAO Yuhang. Effects of Different Phenophase on Rumen Fermentation of Grazing Sheep[J]. , 2018, 45(3): 698-704.

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