嗜酸乳杆菌发酵棉粕对黄羽肉鸡免疫功能和抗氧化性能的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2017.08.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

试验旨在研究嗜酸乳杆菌发酵棉粕对黄羽肉鸡免疫功能和抗氧化性能的影响。选取21日龄健康黄羽肉公鸡180只，随机分为3组：对照组、Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组，每组6个重复，每个重复10只鸡。对照组饲喂含6%棉粕的基础日粮，Ⅰ组饲喂含6%嗜酸乳杆菌发酵棉粕的试验日粮，Ⅱ组饲喂含6%棉粕和7×10⁴ CFU/g嗜酸乳杆菌的试验日粮。结果显示：①42日龄时，各组间免疫器官指数无显著差异（P>0.05）。64日龄时，Ⅰ组的脾脏指数、法氏囊指数和血清中白细胞介素-2（IL-2）含量分别显著提高了47.69%、20.59%和5.77%（P<0.05），脾脏中白细胞介素-10（IL-10） mRNA表达量极显著提高了449.37%（P<0.01）。Ⅱ组脾脏中γ-干扰素（IFN-γ）和IL-10 mRNA表达量分别显著提高了153.45%和255.70%（P<0.05）；与Ⅱ组相比，Ⅰ组脾脏中IL-10 mRNA表达量提高了54.45%（P>0.05）。②42日龄时，与对照组相比，Ⅰ组血清的总超氧化物歧化酶（T-SOD）活性和总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）分别显著提高了8.26%和22.13%（P<0.05），肝脏T-AOC显著提高了22.34%（P<0.05）；与Ⅱ组相比，Ⅰ组血清T-AOC显著提高了27.25%（P<0.05）。64日龄时，与对照组相比，Ⅰ组血清、肝脏T-SOD活性分别极显著提高了10.17%、26.17%（P<0.01），血清GSH-Px活性显著提高了20.45%（P<0.05）；与Ⅱ组相比，Ⅰ组血清、肝脏GSH-Px活性分别显著提高了19.45%、21.23%（P<0.05），肝脏T-SOD活性极显著提高了18.41%（P<0.01）。以上研究结果提示，日粮中添加发酵棉粕可以显著增强黄羽肉鸡的免疫功能和抗氧化性能，嗜酸乳杆菌对黄羽肉鸡的免疫功能和抗氧化性能有一定的促进作用，但效果不显著。

关键词: 发酵棉粕; 黄羽肉鸡; 免疫功能; 抗氧化性能

Abstract:

This study was conducted to examine the effects of cottonseed meal fermented by Lactobacillus acidophilus on antioxidant function and oxidation resistance of Yellow-feathered broilers. One hundred and eighty 21-day-old healthy male Yellow-feathered broilers were randomly divided into 3 groups with 6 replicates per group and 10 broilers per replicate.The broilers in the control group were fed the basal diet with 6% cottonseed meal supplementation,and those in groupⅠ were fed the experimental diet with 6% fermented cottonseed meal supplementation,and the others in group Ⅱ were fed the basal diet included 6% cottonseed meal and 7×10⁴ CFU/g Lactobacillus acidophilus.The results showed as follows:①At 42 days of age,the immune organ index of three groups were no significant difference (P>0.05).At 64 days of age,compared with control group, the spleen index, bursa of Fabricius index,serum IL-2 content and the expression of IL-10 mRNA in spleen of groupⅠwere increased by 47.69% (P<0.05), 20.59% (P<0.05), 5.77%(P<0.05) and 449.37%(P<0.01),respectively,and the expression of IFN-γ and IL-10 mRNA in spleen of groupⅡwere increased by 153.45% and 255.70% (P<0.05),respectively. The expression of IL-10 mRNA in spleen of group Ⅰ was increased by 54.45% compared with group Ⅱ (P>0.05).②At 42 days of age,the serum T-SOD,serum T-AOC and liver T-AOC of group Ⅰ were significantly increased by 8.26%,22.13% and 22.34% compared with control group (P<0.05),and the serum T-AOC of groupⅠwas significantly increased by 27.25% compared with groupⅡ (P<0.05).At 64 days of age,compared with control group,the serum T-SOD,serum GSH-Px and liver T-SOD of groupⅠincreased by 10.17%(P<0.01),20.45% (P<0.05) and 26.17% (P<0.01),respectively,and compared with group Ⅱ,the serum GSH-Px,liver T-SOD and liver GSH-Px of groupⅠincreased by 19.45% (P<0.05),18.41% (P<0.01) and 21.23% (P<0.05),respectively. In conclusion,dietary fermented cottonseed meal could enhance immune function and oxidation resistance of Yellow-feathered broilers, and Lactobacillus acidophilus had no significant influence on immune function and oxidation resistance of Yellow-feathered broilers.

Key words: fermented cottonseed meal; Yellow-feathered broilers; immune function; oxidation resistance

中图分类号:

S831.5

张晓羊, 张文举, 王永强, 刘建成, 聂存喜, 杨亮. 嗜酸乳杆菌发酵棉粕对黄羽肉鸡免疫功能和抗氧化性能的影响[J]. 《中国畜牧兽医》, 2017, 44(8): 2311-2318.

ZHANG Xiao-yang, ZHANG Wen-ju, WANG Yong-qiang, LIU Jian-cheng, NIE Cun-xi, YANG Liang. Effects of Cottonseed Meal Fermented by Lactobacillus acidophilus on Immune Function and Oxidation Resistance of Yellow-feathered Broilers[J]. , 2017, 44(8): 2311-2318.

参考文献

[1] Lim S J,Lee K J.A microbial fermentation of soybean and cottonseed meal increases antioxidant activity and gossypol detoxification in diets for nile tilapia,Oreochromis niloticus[J].Journal of the World Aquaculture Society,2011,42(4):494-503.
[2] Li M H,Robinson E H.Use of cottonseed meal in aquatic animal diets:A review[J].North American Journal of Aquaculture,2006,68(1):14-22.
[3] Robindon E H.Improvement of cottonseed meal protein with supplemental lysine in feeds for channel catfish[J].Journal of Applied Aquaculture,1991,1(2):1-14.
[4] Dabrowski K,Lee K J,Rinchard J,et al.Gossypol isomers bind specifically to blood plasma proteins and spermatozoa of rainbow trout fed diets containing cottonseed meal[J].Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta-general Subjects,2001,1525(1-2):37-42.
[5] Yue Y R,Zhou Q C. Effect of replacing soybean meal with cottonseed meal on growth, feed utilization,and hematological indexes for juvenile hybrid tilapia,Oreochromis niloticus×O.aureus[J].Aquaculture,2008,284(1-4):185-189.
[6] Barros M M,Lim C,Klesius P H.Effect of soybean meal replacement by cottonseed meal and iron supplementation on growth, immune response and resistance of channel catfish (Ictalurus puctatus) to Edwardsiella ictaluri challenge[J].Aquaculture,2002,207(3):263-279.
[7] 肖仔君,陈惠音,杨汝德.嗜酸乳杆菌及其应用研究进展[J].广州食品工业科技,2003,19:90-92.
[8] Rehberger J L,Glatz B A.Response of cultures of Propionibacterium to acid and low pH:Tolerance and inhibition[J].Journal of Food Protection,1998,61(2):211-216.
[9] 吴妍妍.高产乳酸菌种的选育及其发酵棉粕营养特性的研究[D].石河子:石河子大学,2013.
[10] Council N.Nutrient requirements of poultry[S]:9th ed.Washington D C:National Academy Press,1994.
[11] 闫理东,张文举,聂存喜,等.发酵棉粕对黄羽肉鸡生产性能和屠宰性能的影响[J].石河子大学学报(自然科学版),2012,30(2):171-176.
[12] 程相朝,张春杰,李银聚,等.中药免疫增强剂对肉仔鸡免疫器官生长发育及免疫活性细胞影响的研究[J].中兽医学杂志,2002,3:6-8.
[13] 孙焕林,孙新文,李洪,等.枯草芽孢杆菌发酵棉粕对黄羽肉鸡血液生化指标、免疫性能影响的研究[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2015,17:5-9.
[14] 李景荣.NDV免疫鸡IFN-γ、IL-2和IL-6细胞因子表达的动态变化研究[D].哈尔滨:东北农业大学,2004.
[15] 庞建建.日粮维生素A水平对不同品种(系)鸡免疫应激的影响[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2010.
[16] 代丽,单安山,孙进华.γ-干扰素的研究进展及在畜牧中的应用[J].中国畜牧兽医,2009,36(4):51-57.
[17] Fujiwara K,Yamazaki M,Abe H,et al.Effect of Bacillus subtilis var. natto fermented soybean on growth performance, microbial activity in the caeca and cytokine gene expression of domestic meat type chickens[J].Journal of Poultry Science,2009,46(2):116-122.
[18] Lee S H,Lillehoj H S,Lillehoj E P,et al.Immunomodulatory properties of dietary plum on coccidiosis[J].Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases,2008,31(5):389-402.
[19] Dogi C A,Galdeano C M,Perdigon G.Gut immune stimulation by non-pathogenic Gram(+)and Gram(-) bacteria.Comparison with a probiotic strain[J].Cytokine,2008,41(3):223-231.
[20] Asadullah K,Sterry W,Volk H D.Interleukin-10 therapy——Review of a new approach[J].Pharmacological Reviews,2003,55(2):241-269.
[21] 李杏,陈小连,朱丽慧,等.硫辛酸对黄羽肉鸡生长性能、抗氧化能力和免疫功能的影响[J].动物营养学报,2012,24(3):515-521.
[22] 蒋守群.大豆异黄酮对岭南黄羽肉鸡生产性能、肉品质的影响和抗氧化作用机制研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2007.
[23] 蒋守群,周桂莲,林映才,等.饲粮维生素E水平对22~42日龄黄羽肉鸡生长性能、免疫功能和抗氧化能力的影响[J].动物营养学报,2013,25(2):289-298.
[24] 张金生.调和玉米油对肉仔鸡抗氧化应激、脂质代谢酶及免疫基因表达的影响[D].郑州:河南农业大学,2011.
[25] 李凤艳.复方中药多糖对雏鸡免疫及抗氧化功能的影响[D].哈尔滨:东北农业大学,2008.
[26] 蒋守群,周桂莲,蒋宗勇,等.饲粮维生素E水平对43~63日龄黄羽肉鸡肉品质和抗氧化功能的影响[J].动物营养学报,2012,24(4):646-653.
[27] 林丽花,谢丽曲,王长康,等.发酵豆粕对1-4周龄黄羽肉鸡生长性能、消化酶活性、抗氧化能力和免疫器官指数的影响[J].福建农林大学学报(自然科学版),2013,42(4):403-409.