培养组学在动物肠道微生物应用的研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2023.02.017

中国畜牧兽医 ›› 2023, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (2): 598-605.doi: 10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2023.02.017

培养组学在动物肠道微生物应用的研究进展

邱菲^1,2, 韩依辛^1,2, 魏琦麟², 唐兴刚², 袁明贵², 董博³, 向蓉², 徐志宏²

1. 仲恺农业工程学院动物科技学院, 广州 510225;
2. 广东省农业科学院动物卫生研究所, 农业农村部兽用药物与诊断技术广东科学观测实验站, 广东省畜禽疫病防治研究重点实验室, 广州 510640;
3. 广东省农业科学院农业生物基因研究中心, 广东省农作物种质资源保存与利用重点实验室, 广州 510640

收稿日期:2022-07-26 出版日期:2023-02-05 发布日期:2023-02-06
通讯作者: 向蓉, 徐志宏 E-mail:23753842@qq.com;xuzhihong@gdaas.cn
作者简介:邱菲,E-mail:1181372002@qq.com
基金资助:
广东省科技计划项目(2019B020217002、2019B020225001、2021B1212050021);广东省农业科学院学科团队建设(202122TD)

Research Progress of Culturomics Application in Animal Gut Microbes

QIU Fei^1,2, HAN Yixin^1,2, WEI Qilin², TANG Xinggang², YUAN Minggui², DONG Bo³, XIANG Rong², XU Zhihong²

1. College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China;
2. Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510640, China;
3. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization, Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China

Received:2022-07-26 Online:2023-02-05 Published:2023-02-06

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 肠道微生物被称为动物的"隐藏免疫器官",不仅能参与宿主代谢还能影响宿主的免疫系统,对维持机体健康至关重要。作者主要介绍了培养组学的发展历程及其对动物肠道微生物研究的重要意义、传统微生物培养方法和分子生物学方法在研究微生物时各自的优、缺点。培养组学是基于传统微生物培养方法同时采用多种培养条件进行微生物培养,再辅以基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF MS)和16S rRNA基因测序技术建立的一种新型微生物分离、鉴定方法,该方法将传统微生物培养技术与分子生物学技术的优点融为一体。该方法在挖掘"新微生物"的研究中,具有发现、找到并获得的优势;在微生物的研究中可定制分离目标菌株进行验证,并能通过丰富注释清楚地了解肠道微生物组。此外,分析了培养组学分别在家禽肠道、猪肠道、反刍动物肠道等动物肠道的研究应用现状,提出了环境条件对肠道微生物的影响,如人类接触对肠道菌群的影响、同物种不同性别肠道菌群的差异,以期为培养组学在动物肠道微生物的研究运用中提供参考。

关键词: 动物肠道微生物; 培养组学; 消化道; 分子生物学

Abstract: Intestinal microorganisms,which is called the 'hidden immune organ’ of animals and is crucial to maintain body health,can not only participate in host metabolism,but also affect the host’s immune system.The author mainly introduced the development history of culturomics and its significance to the study of animal intestinal microorganisms,and the advantages and disadvantages of traditional microbial culture methods and molecular biology methods in the study of microorganisms. The culturomics is a new method for the isolation and identification of microorganisms which is based on traditional microbial culture methods and simultaneously uses multiple culture conditions to culture microorganisms,supplemented by matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and 16S rRNA (16S ribosomal RNA) gene sequencing technology to isolate and identify microorganisms.This method combines the advantages of traditional microbial culture technology and molecular biology technology.This method has the advantage of discovering,finding,and obtaining in the study of excavating 'new microorganisms’.In microbial studies,target strains can be customized for verification and the gut microbiome can be clearly understood through rich annotations.In addition,the author analyzes the research and application of culturomics in the intestines of poultry,pigs,ruminants and other animals,and puts forward the impact of environmental conditions on intestinal microorganisms,such as the impact of human contact on intestinal flora,and the differences between intestinal flora of the same species and different genders,hoping to provide reference for the research and application of culturomics in animal intestinal microorganisms.

Key words: animal gut microbiota; culturomics; digestive tract; molecular biology

中图分类号:

Q93-31

邱菲, 韩依辛, 魏琦麟, 唐兴刚, 袁明贵, 董博, 向蓉, 徐志宏. 培养组学在动物肠道微生物应用的研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(2): 598-605.

QIU Fei, HAN Yixin, WEI Qilin, TANG Xinggang, YUAN Minggui, DONG Bo, XIANG Rong, XU Zhihong. Research Progress of Culturomics Application in Animal Gut Microbes[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2023, 50(2): 598-605.

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培养组学在动物肠道微生物应用的研究进展

Research Progress of Culturomics Application in Animal Gut Microbes

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