中草药复方防治雏鸡沙门氏菌病的研究

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2020.03.031

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了探明中草药复方对雏鸡感染肠炎沙门氏菌（S. Enteritidis）的防治效果，本研究选取黄连、鹿蹄草、白头翁等23味中草药组成的复方中草药制剂进行体外和体内抑菌试验。体外抑菌试验中草药复方的抑菌直径为17.4 mm，说明沙门氏菌对其高度敏感。体内抑菌试验中，将中草药复方以低（0.1%）、中（0.3%）、高（0.5%）3个剂量进行治疗试验，结果表明，肠炎沙门氏菌感染后，与对照组相比，3个试验组均极显著提高了试验鸡的成活率（P<0.01），显著降低了试验鸡的料重比（F/G）（P<0.05），中、高剂量组的平均日增重（ADG）显著高于对照组（P<0.05），中剂量组的平均日采食量（ADFI）显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。3个试验组试验鸡的脾脏指数、白细胞数量（WBC）、血小板计数（PLT）、免疫球蛋白A（IgA）、IgG、IgM、补体C4含量均显著低于对照组（P<0.05），而胸腺指数、法氏囊指数、红细胞数量（RBC）、血红蛋白浓度（HGB）、红细胞压积（HCT）均显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。实时荧光定量PCR结果显示，抗菌肽基因（CATH1、CATH2、CATH3）在脾脏、胸腺和法氏囊中的表达量均不同程度地高于对照组。综合试验结果，日粮中添加中草药复方可以降低雏鸡感染肠炎沙门氏菌后的死亡率，提高雏鸡的免疫能力和抗菌能力，改善生长性能，其中，中剂量组（0.3%）的防治效果最佳。

关键词: 沙门氏菌; 中草药复方; 生长性能; 抗菌肽基因

Abstract: In order to evaluate the effect of Chinese herbal medicine compound on the prevention and treatment of S.Enteritidis in chicken,a compound of Chinese herbal medicine complex consisting of 23 Chinese herbal medicines such as Coptidis rhizome,wintergreen,and white-headed medicinal herbs was selected for in vitro and in vivo antibacterial experiments in broiler chicken.The antibacterial diameter of the Chinese herbal medicine complex for the in vivo bacteriostatic experiment was 17.4 mm,indicating that the S.Enteritidis was highly sensitive to it.In in vitro antimicrobial experiment,low (0.1%),medium (0.3%),and high (0.5%) dose of the Chinese herbal medicine complex were used.After orally-infected with S.Enteritidis to the broiler,compared with the control group,the survival rates increased extremely significantly (P<0.01) and the feed to gain ratio (F/G) decreased significantly in three experimental groups (P<0.05).The average daily weight gain (ADG) of the middle and high dose groups were significantly higher (P<0.05),and the average daily feed intake (ADFI) of the middle dose group was significantly lower (P<0.05).The spleen index,white blood cell count (WBC),platelet count (PLT),IgA,IgG,IgM,and complement C4 levels in the three experimental groups were significantly lower (P<0.05),while the thymus,bursa of Fabricius indexes,red blood cell count (RBC),hemoglobin concentration (HGB),hematocrit (HCT),and platelet count (PCT) were significantly higher (P<0.05).The results of Real-time quantitative PCR showed that the gene expression levels of antibacterial peptide gene cathelicidins (CATH1,CATH2,CATH3) in spleen,thymus and bursa of Fabricius in three treatment groups were higher than that in control group.Among Chinese herbal medicine doses,the meddle dose (0.3%) had the best control effect.From above mentioned results,it was concluded that the combination of Chinese herbal medicine in the diet can reduce the mortality of chickens infected with S.Enteritidis,enhance growth performance,immunity and antibacterial activity of the chickens against S.Enteritidis.

Key words: Salmonella; Chinese herbal complex; growth performance; cathelicidins genes

中图分类号:

S853.74

李正田, 豆腾飞, 李琦华, 葛长荣, 贾俊静, 张曦. 中草药复方防治雏鸡沙门氏菌病的研究[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2020, 47(3): 911-921.

LI Zhengtian, DOU Tengfei, LI Qihua, GE Changrong, JIA Junjing, ZHANG Xi. The Prevention and Treatment of a Chinese Herbal Medicine Compound for Salmonellosis in Chickens[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2020, 47(3): 911-921.

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