4味中药复方治疗鸡大肠杆菌病效果的研究

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2019.09.037

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了评价由小鱼眼草、凉粉草、圆穗蓼、梁王茶4味中药组成的方剂抗鸡致病性大肠杆菌的效果，首先对病料进行分离鉴定，然后采用药敏试验测定药物抑菌圈直径，通过小鼠测定中药安全性，最后人工诱发大肠杆菌病模型治疗试验，并应用中药分别以高、中、低3个剂量（1、0.5和0.25 g/mL）对试验鸡进行灌服治疗。结果显示，麦康凯培养基上呈现红色菌落，革兰氏染色镜检见红色短小杆菌；生化鉴定结果显示，葡萄糖、麦芽糖、乳糖、蔗糖、甘露醇、吲哚和MR显阳性，三糖铁产酸产气，枸橼酸盐、VP和硫化氢显阴性。对分离细菌进行PCR检测，检测基因与对照基因均得到大小为1 466 bp的特异性条带。中药、西药环丙沙星抑菌圈直径分别为15.2和18.3 mm。小鼠灌服中药后全部存活，各试验组小鼠平均增重和空白对照组差异不显著（P>0.05），未见不良反应。中药高、中、低3个剂量组、环丙沙星组、感染对照组、空白对照组的存活率分别为96.7%、93.3%、63.3%、93.3%、50.0%和100%，中药高、中、低3个剂量组和环丙沙星组治愈率分别为96.7%、93.3%、63.3%和93.3%。中药高、中剂量组平均增重及胸腺重差异不显著（P>0.05），但显著高于中药低剂量组（P<0.05）；中药高、中剂量组和环丙沙星组脾脏重差异不显著（P>0.05），但显著高于中药低剂量组和感染对照组（P<0.05）。结果表明，1和0.5 g/mL中药口服液抗菌效果明显，与环丙沙星效果相似，中药低剂量效果不明显。

关键词: 鸡; 大肠杆菌; 中药; 疗效

Abstract: In order to evaluate the efficacy of a Chinese herbal compound prescription against pathogenic Escherichia coli in chicken,which made of four tradition Chinese medicines including Dichrocephala benthamii,Mesona blumes,Polygonum macrophyllum and Nothopanax dalavayi,firstly,the disease materials were isolated and identified,then,the drug susceptibility test was used to detect the diameter of drug bacteriostasis circle,the safety of traditional Chinese medicine was also detected by mice,finally,artificial infection model of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli and the treatment test were implemented,the traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation was implemented for each chicken by oral administration with high,medium and low doses of 1,0.5 and 0.25 g/mL,respectively.The results showed that red colonies were presented on McConkay agar medium,red and small bacilli were observed by Gram staining and microscopic examination.Biochemical identification showed that glucose,maltose,lactose,sucrose,mannitol,indole and MR were positive,ferric trisaccharide produced acid and gas,citrate,VP and hydrogen sulfide were negative.The isolated bacteria were detected by PCR,the specific bands of 1 466 bp were obtained for both the detected gene and the control gene.The diameters of the bacteriostatic circles of traditional Chinese medicine and ciprofloxacin were 15.2 and 18.3 mm,respectively.All mice were survived,there was no significant difference between the average weight gain of mice in each experimental group and blank control group (P>0.05),no adverse reactions were observed for mice after oral administration with traditional Chinese medicine.The survival rates in high,medium and low dose groups of traditional Chinese medicine,ciprofloxacin,infected untreated and negative control were 96.7%,93.3%,63.3%,93.3%,50.0% and 100%,respectively.The rates of recovery in high,medium and low dose groups of traditional Chinese medicine and ciprofloxacin were 96.7%,93.3%,63.3% and 93.3%,respectively.The mean weight gain and weight of thymus gland in high and medium dose groups of traditional Chinese medicine were no significant differences (P>0.05),but were significantly different from those in low dose group of traditional Chinese medicine (P<0.05).The weight of spleen in high and medium dose groups of traditional Chinese medicine and ciprofloxacin were no significant differences (P>0.05),but which were significantly different from those in low dose group of traditional Chinese medicine and infected control group (P<0.05).The results demonstrated that efficacies of 1 and 0.5 g/mL of traditional Chinese medicine against Escherichia coli were excellent,and similar with that of ciprofloxacin.The therapeutic efficacy of low dose of traditional Chinese medicine was non-obvious.

Key words: chicken; Escherichia coli; traditional Chinese medicine; efficacy

中图分类号:

S858.31

张步彩, 袁橙, 苏治国, 周广生, 庞博文, 张会星, 何鑫鑫, 贾恩泽, 陈文娟. 4味中药复方治疗鸡大肠杆菌病效果的研究[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2019, 46(9): 2803-2812.

ZHANG Bucai, YUAN Cheng, SU Zhiguo, ZHOU Guangsheng, PANG Bowen, ZHANG Huixing, HE Xinxin, JIA Enze, CHEN Wenjuan. Study on the Effect of 4 Traditional Chinese Medicine Compounds on Treating Colibacillosis of Chicken[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2019, 46(9): 2803-2812.

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