鱼源蜡样芽孢杆菌的分离鉴定及耐药性分析

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2019.09.030

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究鱼源蜡样芽孢杆菌的致病性和耐药性及指导科学用药，本试验采用形态学观察、生理生化特性分析、16S rDNA基因扩增及系统进化树构建等方法鉴定分离菌，人工感染试验确定分离菌的致病性，耐药基因检测和药敏试验确定菌株耐药性。结果显示，分离菌株形成边缘不规则、不光滑的乳白色菌落，为需氧型革兰氏阳性菌。葡萄糖、硝酸盐、明胶液化等生化反应为阳性，木糖、阿拉伯糖、甘露醇等生化反应为阴性。16S rDNA基因片段长度为1 457 bp，在系统发育树中，分离菌与蜡样芽孢杆菌RTR菌株亲缘关系最近，与蜡样芽孢杆菌的同源性均达到99%以上，从而综合判定分离菌株为蜡样芽孢杆菌。人工感染试验发现，分离菌株对黄颡鱼有一定的致病性。耐药基因检测结果显示，分离菌株中检测出Sul1和Sul2两种耐药基因。药敏试验发现，该菌株对庆大霉素、哌拉西林、米诺环素等敏感，对头孢哌酮中度敏感，对青霉素、头孢曲松、氨苄西林等耐药。本试验结果为有效防控蜡样芽孢杆菌感染的疾病提供了科学参考资料。

关键词: 蜡样芽孢杆菌; 鉴定; 耐药性; 药敏试验

Abstract: In order to explore the pathogenicity and drug resistance of Bacillus cereus isolated from fish and guide scientific drug use,morphological observation,physiological and biochemical characteristics analysis,16S rDNA gene amplification and phylogenetic tree construction were used to identify the isolated bacteria.Artificial infection test was used to determine the pathogenicity of the isolated bacteria,drug resistance gene detection and drug sensitivity test were used to determine the drug resistance of the strain.The results showed that the isolated strain formed irregular and non-smooth milky-white colonies,which were aerobic Gram-positive bacteria.The biochemical reactions such as glucose,nitrate and gelatin liquefaction were positive,while the biochemical reactions such as xylose,arabinose and mannitol were negative.The length of 16S rDNA gene fragment was 1 457 bp.In phylogenetic tree,the isolated strain had the closest relationship with Bacillus cereus RTR strain,and the homology of the isolated strain and Bacillus cereus reached more than 99%,so the isolated strain was identified as Bacillus cereus.Artificial infection test showed that the isolated strain had certain pathogenicity to Pelteobagrus fulvidraco.The results of resistance gene detection showed that two kinds of resistance genes (Sul1 and Sul2) were detected in the isolated strain.Drug sensitivity test showed that the strain was sensitive to gentamicin,piperacillin and minocycline,moderately sensitive to cefoperazone,and resistant to penicillin,ceftriaxone and ampicillin.The results provided scientific reference for the effective prevention and control of Bacillus cereus infection.

Key words: Bacillus cereus; identification; drug resistance; drug susceptibility test

中图分类号:

S917.1

豆朋朋, 王利, 方庆, 李娟. 鱼源蜡样芽孢杆菌的分离鉴定及耐药性分析[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2019, 46(9): 2745-2752.

DOU Pengpeng, WANG Li, FANG Qing, LI Juan. Isolation,Identification and Drug Resistance Analysis of Bacillus cereus Isolated from Fish[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2019, 46(9): 2745-2752.

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