国内外猪源产肠毒素大肠杆菌疫苗研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2019.07.029

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

仔猪腹泻是全球规模化猪场最常见的疾病之一，给养猪业带来了巨大的损失。产肠毒素大肠杆菌（ETEC）是引起仔猪腹泻的主要病原菌，黏附素和肠毒素是其重要的致病因子，ETEC通过黏附素定植于小肠上皮细胞，在增殖过程中不断产生肠毒素，引起大量水和电解质进入肠腔，导致仔猪腹泻。目前，疫苗免疫是预防ETEC最有效的方法，然而许多商品化大肠杆菌疫苗的临床免疫效果不佳，且地域局限性明显。因此，研制安全、高效、广谱的ETEC疫苗对养猪业具有重要意义。近年来，许多新型试验性ETEC疫苗被相继报道，如ETEC菌毛黏附素和肠毒素疫苗；一些新开发的疫苗，如亚单位疫苗、菌影疫苗、植物载体疫苗和囊泡疫苗等，具有不同的优势，在不同的动物试验中均表现出良好的免疫保护效果。文章简述了国内外学者在ETEC疫苗领域的研究进展，对猪源ETEC各类疫苗的优劣及应用研究情况进行了综述，以期为今后猪源ETEC疫苗的研究提供参考。

关键词: 产肠毒素大肠杆菌(ETEC); 仔猪腹泻; 免疫; 疫苗

Abstract:

As one of the most common diseases in large scale pig farms,piglet diarrhea has brought serious problems and enormous losses to swine industry worldwide.Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is the main pathogen of piglet diarrhea,adhesin and enterotoxin are main virulence factors of ETEC.ETEC colonizes the small intestinal epithelial cells via adhesin,then enterotoxin is secreted and causes a large amount of water and electrolytes filling the enteric cavity,resulting in piglets diarrhea.At present,vaccination is the most effective way of controlling ETEC diarrhea.However,the commercial ETEC vaccines can not provide efficient protection against ETEC infection and have the obvious regional restriction.Therefore,it is of great significance for developing a safe,efficient and broad-spectrum ETEC vaccine.Now,many new experimental ETEC vaccines have been reported which mainly focused on the adhesin and enterotoxin.New type of ETEC vaccines with different advantages and good immune protective effect (such as subunit vaccine,ghost vaccine,plants vaccine and outer membrane vesicles vaccines) have been also developed by domestic and foreign researchers.In this paper,the research progress of domestic and foreign scholars in the field of ETEC vaccine were summarized,and the advantages and disadvantages,experimental and applied studies of various swine ETEC vaccines were summarized to provide references for future studies on ETEC vaccine.

Key words: enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC); piglet diarrhea; immunity; vaccine

中图分类号:

S858.28

杨德鸿, 麦凯杰, 朱元军, 刘洋洋, 罗翠芬, 周庆丰, 刘军发. 国内外猪源产肠毒素大肠杆菌疫苗研究进展[J]. 《中国畜牧兽医》, 2019, 46(7): 2119-2126.

YANG Dehong, MAI Kaijie, ZHU Yuanjun, LIU Yangyang, LUO Cuifen, ZHOU Qingfeng, LIU Junfa. Research Progress on New Vaccines Against Swine ETEC in Both Domestic and Overseas[J]. , 2019, 46(7): 2119-2126.

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