不同浓度枯草芽孢杆菌对体外瘤胃发酵特性的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2019.04.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本研究利用体外产气量法，以生产中较为常见的TMR（精粗比60：40）为发酵底物，通过单因素试验设计，研究了低、高剂量（1.14×10¹⁰、2.27×10¹⁰ CFU/kg）枯草芽孢杆菌对体外发酵12、48 h瘤胃产气动力学参数、瘤胃发酵参数等指标的影响；同时根据24 h产气量预测枯草芽孢杆菌对底物代谢能值（ME）、有机物消化率（OMD）及微生物蛋白（MCP）产量的影响，旨在为其合理应用提供理论依据。结果显示：在产气动力学方面，与对照组（CON）相比，低剂量组（T1）和高剂量组（T2）均显著提高了24、48 h的产气量（P<0.05），且T2组显著高于T1组（P<0.05）；与对照组相比，T1组发酵12 h甲烷（CH₄）含量显著增加（P<0.05），T2组无明显变化（P>0.05）。在瘤胃发酵参数方面，与对照组相比，T1组12 h各发酵参数均无显著变化（P>0.05），T2组氨氮（NH₃-N）浓度显著增加（P<0.05），但其他发酵指标均无显著变化（P>0.05）；T1组发酵48 h丁酸及戊酸含量显著降低（P<0.05），T2组pH显著降低（P<0.05）、总挥发性脂肪酸含量显著升高（P<0.05）；T1及T2组其他48 h瘤胃发酵指标均无显著变化（P>0.05）。T1、T2组OMD、ME及MCP产量均显著高于对照组（P<0.05）；T2组OMD和ME均显著高于T1组（P<0.05）。综合上述结果，不同浓度的枯草芽孢杆菌对精粗比为60：40的TMR发酵参数均有一定程度的改善，但其效果存在一定的差异，高添加量（2.27×10¹⁰ CFU/kg）的效果更好。

关键词: 芽孢杆菌; 体外产气法; 瘤胃发酵

Abstract:

The in vitro gas production technique experiment with a single-factor design was conducted to compare the effect of the low-dose (T1,1.14×10¹⁰CFU/kg) and high-dose (T2,2.27×10¹⁰ CFU/kg) Bacillus subtilis on 12 and 48 h kinetic parameters of rumen gas production and rumen fermentation parameters of TMR (ratio of concentration and rough was 60:40),and the values of metabolizable energy (ME),organic matter digestibility (OMD)and yield of microbial protein (MCP) were also evaluated according to 24 h gas production.The purpose of the study was to provide a theoretical basis for Bacillus subtilis rational application in ruminants.The results indicated that both T1 and T2 had a significant effect (P<0.05) on 24 and 48 h gas production compared to control group (CON),and the gas production of T2 group was higher than that of T1 group (P<0.05).Moreover,T1 significantly increased the content of CH₄ compared to CON(P<0.05),while T2 had no significant effect on content of CH₄ (P>0.05).For rumen fermentation parameters,T2 increased the concentration of NH₃-N of 12 h (P<0.05),and had no significant effect on other fermentation indexes (P>0.05).Moreover,T1 decreased the content of butyric acid and valeric acid of 48 h (P<0.05),and T2 significantly reduced pH and increased the total volatile acid content (P<0.05).Both T1 and T2 had no significant effect on other indexes (P>0.05).In addition,the values of OMD,ME and MCP of T1 and T2 groups were significantly higher than those of CON,and the values of OMD and ME in T2 were significantly higher than those in T1 group (P<0.05).In conclusion,both low-and high-concentration Bacillus subtilis had a certain improvement effect on the fermentation parameters of the fermentation substrate (TMR,60:40),and high concentration (2.27×10¹⁰ CFU/kg) was better.

Key words: Bacillus subtilis; in vitro gas production technique; rumen fermentation

中图分类号:

S816.7

李月明, 栾嘉明, 张敏, 金英海, 夏广军, 耿春银. 不同浓度枯草芽孢杆菌对体外瘤胃发酵特性的影响[J]. 《中国畜牧兽医》, 2019, 46(4): 1031-1037.

LI Yueming, LUAN Jiaming, ZHANG Min, JIN Yinghai, XIA Guangjun, GENG Chunyin. Effects of Bacillus subtilis on in vitro Rumen Fermentation Characteristics[J]. , 2019, 46(4): 1031-1037.

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