日粮中添加不同水平丁酸钠对断奶仔猪生长性能、腹泻率及血液生化指标的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2018.07.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为研究日粮中添加不同水平丁酸钠对断奶仔猪生长性能、腹泻率及血清生化指标的影响。选取240头健康的（21±2）日龄杜×长×大断奶仔猪，按照窝别和体重相近的原则随机分为5组，即Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ组，每组3个重复，每个重复16头。Ⅰ组为对照组，Ⅱ组添加0.01%抗生素，Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ组分别添加0.1%、0.2%、0.3%丁酸钠，试验期为28 d。试验开始时及第1、2、3、4周对各组断奶仔猪空腹称重，计算试验期间仔猪平均日增重（ADG）、平均日采食量（ADFI）和料重比（F/G），并观察仔猪腹泻情况，计算各组仔猪腹泻率和腹泻指数；试验期末，每组选择接近该组平均体重的6头仔猪，前腔静脉空腹采血测定血清生化指标。结果表明，与Ⅰ组相比，Ⅳ、Ⅴ组第1、2、3周及全期的ADG显著提高（P<0.05）；Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组第2、3周及全期的ADFI显著提高（P<0.05）；Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组第2、3、4周及全期的料重比（F/G）均有一定程度下降，但差异不显著（P>0.05），Ⅳ、Ⅴ组第1周F/G显著降低（P<0.05）。Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组腹泻率和腹泻指数均与Ⅰ组无显著差异（P>0.05），而Ⅴ组腹泻率（P<0.05）和腹泻指数（P>0.05）均提高。Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组血清中磷含量较Ⅰ组显著提高（P<0.05），Ⅴ组血清钙含量和总蛋白含量较Ⅰ组显著提高（P<0.05），Ⅳ、Ⅴ组血清中甘油三酯含量较Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组显著提高（P<0.05）；其余各组间血清中总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、尿素氮和白蛋白含量均无显著差异（P>0.05）。综上所述，在断奶仔猪日粮中添加丁酸钠具有促进其生长和改善健康状况的作用，最适添加量为0.2%。

关键词: 丁酸钠; 断奶仔猪; 生长性能; 生化指标

Abstract:

The experiment was aimed to study the effects of adding different levels of sodium butyrate on the growth performance,diarrhea rate and blood biochemical indexes of weaned piglets.240 healthy weaned piglets (Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire) at age of (21±2) days were selected and randomly divided into five groups according to the principles of nest and body weight,namely,groups Ⅰ to Ⅴ,with 3 replicates per group and 16 piglets per replicate.Group Ⅰ was the control group,the diet of group Ⅱ was supplemented with 0.01% antibiotics while that of groups Ⅱ,Ⅳ and Ⅴ were added 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.3% sodium butyrate, respectively.The experiment lasted for 28 days.The body weight of weaned piglets were measured at 0,7,14,24 and 28 d,and ADG,ADFI, F/G,diarrhea rate and diarrhea indexes were measured during the experiment.The blood samples were collected from 6 piglets per group to determine the blood biochemical indexes.The results showed that compared with group Ⅰ,the addition of sodium butyrate in weaned piglets diets significantly increased the ADG in groups Ⅳ and Ⅴ at first,second,third weeks and the whole period (P<0.05).Supplementation of sodium butyrate significantly increased the ADFI in groups Ⅲ,Ⅳ and Ⅴ at the second,third weeks and whole period (P<0.05).The F/G of groups Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ and Ⅴ were decreased at second,third,four weeks and the whole period (P>0.05),while that in groups Ⅳ and Ⅴ were decreased significantly at first week (P<0.05).The diarrhea rate and diarrhea index in groups Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ did not change significantly (P>0.05).The diarrhea rate (P<0.05) and the diarrhea index (P>0.05) in group Ⅴ was increased.Compared with group Ⅰ,the levels of serum phosphorus in groups Ⅲ,Ⅳ and Ⅴ were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the levels of serum calcium and total protein in group Ⅴ were significantly increased (P<0.05),while the triglyceride content of groups Ⅳ and Ⅴ were significantly increased than that of groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ (P<0.05).There was no significant change in serum total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, urea nitrogen and albumin among all groups (P>0.05).In conclusion, adding sodium butyrate to the diet of weaned piglets had the effect of promoting growth performance and improving health,and the optimum amount of sodium butyrate was 0.2%.

Key words: sodium butyrate; weaned piglets; growth performance; biochemical indexes

中图分类号:

S816.7

寇莎莎, 王诏升, 徐德旺, 梁静, 张文举, 聂存喜. 日粮中添加不同水平丁酸钠对断奶仔猪生长性能、腹泻率及血液生化指标的影响[J]. 《中国畜牧兽医》, 2018, 45(7): 1841-1848.

KOU Shasha, WANG Zhaosheng, XU Dewang, LIANG Jing, ZHANG Wenju, NIE Cunxi. Effects of Adding Different Levels of Sodium Butyrate on Growth Performance, Diarrhea Rate and Blood Biochemical Indexes of Weaned Piglets[J]. , 2018, 45(7): 1841-1848.

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